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Definition
| passing of the moon between the earth and sun during which the shadow of the moon falls on the earth. |
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| passing of the earth between the moon and the sun during which the earth's shadow crosses the lighted half of the moon. |
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| sunlight reflected off the surface of the earth |
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| time required for orbit (365.24) |
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| time it takes for the moon to go through 1 full cycle |
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| time it takes for rotation |
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| new moon, waxing crescent, 1st quarter, waxing gibbous, full moon, waning gibbous, last quarter, waning crescent, new moon |
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| dark areas of the moon that reflect little light |
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| deep channels running through maria |
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| bowl-shaped depressions caused by meteors |
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| lines of displaced material extending radially outward from the impact site |
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| layer of rock and dust covering the moon |
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| light-covered, coarse-grained rocks from highlands (mostly calcium and aluminum) |
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| fragments of rock melted together |
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| mercury, venus, earth, and mars... mostly made of solid rock with a hard crust... no rings and 0-2 moons |
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| jupiter, saturn, uranus, neptune... mostly gas, many rings and moons |
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| small bit of rock moving through the solar system |
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| meteoroid left after it hits the earth's surface |
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| fragment of rock that orbits the sun |
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| rock/dust/methane/ammonia/ice orbiting the sun in elliptical orbits |
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| most asteroids located here between the orbits of mars and jupiter |
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| birthplace of trillions of comets |
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Term
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| by marquis simon de laplace which hypothesized that our whole solar system came from one exploded nebula... after the nebula exploded the sun created at its center and planetesimals collided to form protoplanets which collided to create our planets |
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| started as a giant ball of hot lava b/c pressure, collisions, and radioactive materials. Later it turns into layers and the crust cools. |
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Term
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| heliocentric (sun center) |
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| geocentric (earth center) |
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Term
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| small circular motion of the planets within their orbits proposed as an explanation for retrograde motion by claudius ptolemy |
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| each planet orbits in the same path around a focus (the sun) |
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| describes the speed at which planets travel at different points in their orbits |
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| describes the relationship between the average distance of a planet from the sun and the orbit period |
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| time it takes to get from the earth to the sun |
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| the way in which something is made |
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| the 4 largest satellites of jupiter |
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| italian scientist able to observe planets motions |
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| existing or occuring between planets |
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| equivalent to one degree celsius |
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| a zone populated by thousands of objects |
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| path that an object follows around a larger object |
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| moving in an orbit opposite the earth's orbit around the sun |
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| small rings mode of dust, rock, and ice |
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| closest a moon can come to a planet |
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| object in orbit around a body with a larger mass |
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| point in the orbit of a planet at which the planet is farthest from the sun |
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| point in the orbit of a planet in which it is closest to the sun |
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| passing of one planetary body through the shadow of another |
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| inner, cone-shaped part of the shadow cast by the earth or the moon in which sunlight is completely blocked |
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| outer part of the shadow cast by the earth or the moon in which sunlight is only partially blocked. |
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| describing the phases of the moon during which the size of its visible portion is increasing |
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| describing the phase of the moon during which the size of its visible portion is decreasing |
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| caused by the gravitational pull of the moon that causes water levels to rise and fall |
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| imaginary line running through the planet from pole to pole |
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| how long it takes for a planetesimal to get around the sun |
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| any large body of rock that orbits the sun |
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| oval whose shape is determined by two points within the figure (like an orbit) |
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| 1 or 2 points within an ellipse that determines the shape of the orbit |
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Term
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Definition
| law of equal areas, law of ellipses, law of periods |
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