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| The universe is made primarily of |
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| The bubbling pattern on the photosphere produced by te underlying convection |
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| The electron neutrinos created in the Sun change into another type of neutrino that we do not detect |
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| What is a possible solution to the solar neutrino problem? |
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| Roughly how many stars are in the Milky Way Galaxy |
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| Stars on the main sequence are in what luminosity class? |
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| gamma rays, X rays, ultraviolet, visible light, infrared, radio |
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| From shortest to longest wavelength, list the categories of electromagnetic radiation |
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| gravitational equilibrium |
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| The balance between the out ward push of pressure and inward pull of gravity |
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| Approx. how fast are you moving with the rotation of the Earth? |
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| What is the spectral type of the Sun? |
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| On a H-R Diagram, where would we find giant red stars? |
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| 186 thousand miles per second |
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| The speed of light is closest to |
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| 26 protons, 30 neutrons, 26 electrons |
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Definition
| An atom of the element iron has an atomic number of 26 and an atmoic mass of 56. If it neutral, how many protons, neutrons, and electrons does it have? |
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| The faintest star visible to the naked eye has an apparent visual magnitude of about |
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| The galaxy is moving away from you |
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| You observe a distant galaxy. You find that a spectral line normally found in the visible part of the spectrum is shifted toward infrared. What do you conclude? |
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Definition
| When an atom loses and electron it becomes |
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| mass they are formed with |
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| Since all stars begin theri lives with the same basic composition, what characteristic most determines how they will differ? |
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| On a cosmic calander, when did the dinosaurs become extinct? |
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| What is the average temperature of the surface of the Sun? |
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| The line in the faster rotating star is broader |
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Definition
| You observe the same spectral line in two stars that are identical in every way except that one rotates faster than the other. How does the spectral line differ between the two? |
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| You, earth, solar system, Milky Way, Local Group, Local supercluster |
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| The nearest star (other than the Sun) is |
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| The expected total lifetime of the Sun is about |
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| The length of the solar activity cycle |
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| Nearly every atom from which we are made once (before the solar system formed) was inside of a star |
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| Why does Carl Sagan say that we are star stuff? |
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| total amount of light that the star radiates each second |
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| Suppose that you measure the parallax angle for a particular star to be 0.5 arcsecond. The distance to this star is |
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Definition
| We can see each other because |
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| The nest result in the core of the Sun is |
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| The Sun could last only about 25 million years, which is far less than the age of the Earth |
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Definition
| Major drawback of gravitational contraction |
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| remains the same, but the apparent brightness is decreased by a factor of four |
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Definition
| If the distance between us and a star is doubled, with everything els remaining the same, the lumonisty |
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Definition
| Which is the smallest? typical planet, typical star, 1 AU, 1 light-second |
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| a few hundred thousand years ago |
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Definition
| The light radiated from the Sun's surface reaches Earth in about 8 minutes, but the energy of that light was released by fusion in the solar core about |
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Term
| an abosprtion line spectrum |
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Definition
| When whute light passes through a cool cloud of gas, we see |
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| core, radiation zone, convection zone, photosphere, chromosphere, corona |
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Definition
| From the center outward, name the "layers" of the Sun |
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| T/F Two stars both lie on the main sequence. Star X is spectral type A, while Star Y is spectral type G. Therefore, Star X is more massive than Star Y. |
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| T/F The shorter the wavelength of light, the higher its frequency. |
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| According to modern theory, light is both a _____ and a ______. |
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| T/F Our solar system is located in the center of the Milky Way Galaxy |
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| T/F Atomic nuclei consist of protons and electrons. |
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| T/F The core of the Sun is at a temperature of about 20,000 K |
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| T/F Nuclear power plants on Earth create energy in the same way as the Sun |
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| A magnitude +2.0 star is brighter than a magnitude -1.0 star. |
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| T/F If a star is closer than 10 pc , then its absolute magnitude is a larger number than its apparent magnitude |
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| T/F Two stars have the same spectral type. Star X is in luminosity class III, while Star Y is in luminosity class V. Therefore, Star X is larger in radius than Star Y. |
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| T/F The corona and chromosphere are hotter than the photosphere |
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| T/F X rays, because they have more energy, travel through space faster then visible light. |
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| T/F We can measure stellar parallax for most stars in our galaxy |
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| T/F Process of Science: I am doing science when I already know the answer to my scientific question and I am searching for evidence in the natural world strictly to support what I know. |
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| T/F Most stars on the Main Sequence fuse hydrogen into helium in their cores, but some do not. |
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