Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The distance light travels in one year. About 6 trillion miles. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Distance from the Earth to the Sun. About 150 million km. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Observation, hypothesis, prediction, experiment. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-Plane of Earth's orbit about the sun
-Line across the sky that the sun follows
-Moon's apparent path in the sky
-Planets' apparent paths in the sky
-Location of zodiac |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Proposed heliocentric model. He was wrong because he thought the orbits were circles. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Sun is the center of the solar system. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Earth is the center of the solar system. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Winter- shortest day of the year
Summer- longest day of the year |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Spring and Fall- days and nights are equal in length. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Constellations that are visible at different times of the year. |
|
|
Term
| Location of the sunrise on the horizon |
|
Definition
| Depends on latitude and time of year |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Improved the accuracy of observations |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Found rules that govern how the planets move |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The effect where the position of an object differs when viewed from different positions. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Angle measurement that equals 1/3600 of a degree. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Measured size of Sun and Moon. (Angular measurement) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Measured radius of the Earth. (Well) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| An object at rest remains at rest unless acted upon by a force. An object in motion continues at the same speed and direction unless acted upon by a force. (Law of Inertia) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Unbalanced force causes an object to accelerate in the direction of the force, proportional to the force and inversely proportional to the mass. (F=ma) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| For every force there's an equal and opposite force. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Basic Properties of Matter |
|
Definition
| Inertia, weight, volume, mass, and density. |
|
|
Term
| Which property of matter depends on location? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Law of Gravity depends on? |
|
Definition
| Mass and location. An increase in mass results in an increase in the force of gravity. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Average distance between the sun and a planet |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Motion opposite to the norm. |
|
|
Term
| Where do planets move faster? |
|
Definition
| When they're closer to the sun. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-travels through a vacuum
-carries energy
-travels as a wave and behaves like a particle |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Light travels as a wave and behaves as a particle when measured. |
|
|
Term
| Four Fundamental Forces of Nature |
|
Definition
1. Strong force (binds protons and neutrons together)
2. Electromagnetic
3. Weak Force (radioactive decay)
4. Gravity |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Study of the electromagnetic spectrum |
|
|
Term
| Electromagnetic Spectrum (High energy/frequency to Low) |
|
Definition
| Gamma, X-Rays, UV, Visible, Infrared, Microwaves, Radio |
|
|
Term
| Electromagnetic Spectrum (Long Wavelength to Short Wavelength) |
|
Definition
| Radio, Microwaves, Infrared, Visible, UV, X-Rays, Gamma. |
|
|
Term
| Emission vs. Absorption Spectrum |
|
Definition
Emission- White=all colors, black=no color
Absorption- White=no color, black/brown=all colors |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Connects wavelength and surface temperature of a black body radiator |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A change in observed frequency of a wave (sound or light) when the object and observer are in motion relative to each other. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Amount of photons collected. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Light passes through a lens and bends |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Light is reflected by a mirror and focused |
|
|
Term
| Deficiencies of Refracting Telescopes |
|
Definition
-colors split out (color aberration)
-absorption of colors
-heavy lenses that sag and are expensive |
|
|
Term
| Reflecting Telescope Strengths and Deficiencies |
|
Definition
Strengths- no bending of light when it reflects from a mirror, light of wavelengths don't bend different amounts.
Deficiencies- slight blockage from collecting piece, sagging is more of an issue, reflecting surface must be more precise. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Observation of an object from 2 different locations |
|
|
Term
| Eye as a light collection method |
|
Definition
-can't see faint objects
-no storage |
|
|
Term
| Film as a light collection method |
|
Definition
-stores images
-can see fainter objects
-can see outside visible spectrum |
|
|
Term
| Charged Couple Device (CCD) as light collection method |
|
Definition
-store images digitally
-can apply software to the images
-can see outside visible spectrum
-can see fainter objects |
|
|
Term
| Atmospheric Scintillation |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How big can telescopes get? |
|
Definition
Refractors- 1m diameter
Reflectors- 10m diameter |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Alignment of 3 or more astronomical bodies |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The projection of Earth's equator into space |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Horizontal angular distance starting from the north point of the horizon |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Vertical angular distance from the horizon. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Latitude in the celestial sphere |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Longitude in the celestial sphere |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The point in the sky directly above the observer. (90 degrees from the north point of the horizon). |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Alignment of the Sun and 2 planets |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Alignment of the Sun and 2 planets |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Time between superior conjunctions for two planets. |
|
|
