Term
| Who developed the first reflecting astronomical telescope |
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Definition
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| What causes chromatic aberration in the objective lens of a telescope? |
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Definition
| Different colors are refracted through different angles at each surface of the lens. |
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| The light-gathering power of a telescope is related directly to |
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Definition
| the area of the primary mirror or len |
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Term
| At what distance from the objective lens in a refracting telescope is the image formed |
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| Who first discovered that radio radiation can be received from astronomical objects? |
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Definition
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| In telescopes, the diffraction limit is worse (i.e., largest) fo |
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Definition
| smaller diameter lenses or mirrors and longer wavelength light (or other electromagnetic radiation) |
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| The PRIMARY reason for spreading many radio telescopes across a large area and combining the signals at a central station is |
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Definition
| to produce much sharper images of radio sources. |
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Term
| What is the MAIN reason for placing astronomical telescopes and detectors on satellites? |
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Definition
| To get above the absorption in the Earth's atmosphere. |
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Term
| Who was the first person to suggest that light is an electromagnetic wave? |
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Definition
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Term
| In what way does a photon of blue light NOT differ from a photon of yellow light, in a vacuum |
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Definition
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Term
| the correct sequence of electromagnetic radiation, in order of increasing energy of the photons |
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Definition
| Visible light, UV radiation, X-rays, gamma rays |
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Term
| wave NOT electromagnetic in nature? |
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Definition
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Term
| The word "planet" is derived from a Greek term meaning |
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Definition
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Term
| Retrograde motion of a planet i |
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Definition
| westward motion against the star background |
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Term
| In Ptolemy's geocentric theory of the solar system, what name is given to the small circle around which the planet moves while the center of this circle orbits the Earth |
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| The major contribution of Tycho Brahe to the development of modern astronomy was to |
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Definition
| measure planetary positions very accurately. |
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Term
| The major contribution of Johannes Kepler to the development of modern astronomy was to |
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Definition
| prove that planetary orbits are ellipses. |
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Term
| The semi-major axis of an ellipse is |
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Definition
| the distance from the center of the ellipse to one end, along the largest diameter of the ellipse |
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Term
| The major contribution of Galileo to the development of modern astronomy was to |
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Definition
| discover the satellites (moons) of Jupiter. |
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Term
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Definition
| The larger the orbit, the longer it takes for the planet to complete one orbit. |
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Term
| One light-year is a distance of approximately |
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Definition
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Term
| How much of the overall sky is above the celestial equator, that is, in the northern hemisphere? |
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Definition
| More than one half, because of the location of the poles. |
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Term
| The difference in declination angles between the North and South celestial poles is |
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| electromagnetic radiation |
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Definition
| protons, electrons, and neutrons |
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| moving pattern of electric magnetic forces |
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Definition
| electromagnetic radiation |
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Term
| Defining property of a light wave |
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Definition
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Term
| energy in a wave is proportional to |
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Definition
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| units to measure wavelengths |
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Definition
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Definition
the extent to which radiation is blocked
by the material it is travelling through |
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Definition
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Definition
| ultraviolet, x-ray, and gamma-ray radiation |
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Term
| water vapor and carbon dioxide absorb |
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Definition
glass is suitably curved, it can be used to bring all
of the light to the same location |
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Term
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Definition
| curved mirror so that all of the light from a distant source is reflected to the same place |
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Term
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Definition
| light comes to a focus in the focal plane |
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Term
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Definition
light is reflected from a secondary
mirror to the side of the telescope |
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Term
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Definition
light is reflected from a secondary
mirror down through a hole in the primary mirror |
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Term
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Definition
light is reflected from a secondary
mirror and brought to a focus in an adjacent room |
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Term
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Definition
The amount of refraction that light undergoes depends
on its color |
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Term
| amount of light that is gathered |
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Definition
depends on the
area of the primary mirror or lens |
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Term
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Definition
| Every telescope has a fundamental minimum resolution |
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Term
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Definition
makes it possible to see very
fine details |
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Term
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Definition
| can make some things look blurry |
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Term
| Telescopes diffration limit |
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Definition
inversely proportional
to its diameter |
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Term
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Definition
make rapid changes to the tilt of the mirror
to compensate for degraded image quality |
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Term
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Definition
actually deforming
the mirror to correct for the effects of seeing |
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Term
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Definition
involves the adding up of a
sequence of very short exposures, each too brief for the
Earth’s atmosphere to change significantly |
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Term
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Definition
the simultaneous observation of
an object using two or more telescopes |
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Term
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Definition
1 AU equals the average distance between the Earth and Sun
1 AU = 149,000,000 km |
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Term
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Definition
Proxima Centauri
270,000 AU away
4.2 LY |
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This imaginary sphere can be thought of as a giant empty
ball which surrounds the Earth, and has the stars
attached to its inside |
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Term
| celestial north and south poles |
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Definition
outward
extensions of the Earth’s poles |
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Term
right
ascension and declination |
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Definition
describe the location of an
object on the sky |
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Term
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Definition
The circular path of the Sun on the sky is referred to as
the |
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Term
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Definition
| Planets have elliptical orbits, with the Sun at one focus. |
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Term
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Definition
An imaginary line between the Sun and a planet sweeps
out equal areas of the ellipse in equal time intervals |
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Term
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Definition
The square of a planet’s orbital period (T) is
proportional to the cube of its semi-major axis (a). |
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