Term
| 3 ways pneumocystis jirovecii can cause human infection |
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Definition
| free trophic forms, sporocyst, cyst (4-8 intracystic bodies) |
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Term
| disease caused by pneumocystis jirovecii |
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Definition
| most commonly pneumonia; can be lymph, spleen, bm, liver, gi, gu |
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Term
| how does pneumocystis jirovecii enter body |
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Definition
| respiratory tract; can be primary infection or reactivation |
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Term
| risk factors for pneumocystis jirovecii |
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Definition
| aids: cd4 <200; transplant; T cell compromised patients |
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Term
| slowly progressive SOB, first on exertion then all the time with infiltrates |
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Definition
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Term
| dx of pneumocystic jirovecci |
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Definition
| sputum, BAL, biopsy microscopy or giemsa (trophic), gms (cystic), IF stains (both) |
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Term
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Definition
| one little guy, stain with giemsa or IF |
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Term
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Definition
| bird's nest of fungi; stain with GMS or IF |
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Term
| tx for pneumocystis jirovecii |
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Definition
| bactrim (tmp-smx) for prophylaxis; high dose bactrim (tmp-smx) or pentamidine (if sulfa allergy) |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| what kind of organism is cryptococcus |
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Definition
| encapsulated, budding yeast |
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Term
| mucin/mayer mucicarmine stain |
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Definition
| for capsule of cryptococcus |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| soil (pigeon) via inhalation; eucalyptus tree if gattii |
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Term
| how our body reacts to crytococcus |
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Definition
| alveolar macrophages, phagocytic cells, t and b cell rxn |
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|
Term
| risk factors for cryptococcus CNS disease |
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Definition
| t cell immunodeficiency, any immunocompromised host |
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Term
| capsule inhibits pahgocytosis by alveolar macrophages |
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Definition
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Term
| responsible for neurotropism in cryptococcus |
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Definition
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Term
| how does cryptococcus get from lungs to CNS |
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Definition
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Term
| main features of cryptococcus cerebromeningeal disease |
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Definition
| increased intracranial pressure, headaches; 2nd visual disturbances (means meninges); then mental status (means brain is involved) |
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Term
| asymptomatic bilateral pneumonia with nodular infiltrates, no cavitation |
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Definition
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Term
| CNS parenchyma/cryptococcoma (mass) in immunocompetent hosts |
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Definition
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Term
| skin lesions, ocular disease, bone disease |
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Definition
| dissemintation of cryptococcus |
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Term
|
Definition
| blood or CSF culture for polysaccharide capsule; can use gram or indea ink |
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Term
| has halo in geimsa stain, india ink |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| fatal if you don't treat; 2 weeks ampB + flucytosine (toxic, but sucks); 8+ weeks of fluconazole; lumbar punctures |
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Term
| requires steroids, called shake and bake |
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Definition
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Term
| meningitis with few WBCs in CSF |
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Definition
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Term
| SLE, fevers, steroids, coma, mass |
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Definition
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Term
| 4 speciecs of aspergillus |
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Definition
| a. fumigatus, flavus, niger, terreus |
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|
Term
| different colored molds that are branched at 45 degrees, make conidial heads |
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Definition
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|
Term
| good stains for aspergillus |
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Definition
| periodic acid schiff (PAS) and GMS |
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Term
| uniform width, regular septations, tree-like branching at 45 degree angles |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| in soil, air, manure (farmers); get it via inhalation or transdermal only if host sucks |
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Term
| what do we inhale constantly |
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Definition
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Term
| how aspergillus causes disease |
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Definition
| inhaled stuff binds fibrinogen/laminin in lung, germinate; macros and neutros kill it; PROTEASES invade epithelium/BVs |
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Term
| causes thrombosis via vascular invasion |
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Definition
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Term
| risk factors for aspergillus |
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Definition
| farmers, neutropenia, impaired neutrophils |
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Term
| 4 manifestations of aspergillus |
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Definition
| allergic reaction, colonization, locally invasive aspergillosis, invasive aspergillosis |
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Term
| asthma, pulmonary infiltrates, eosinophilia, high IgE |
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Definition
| bronchopulmonary form of hypersensitivity to aspergillus (allergic rxn) |
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Term
| eosinophilia, nasal obstruction, headache |
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Definition
| allergic sinusitis bc of aspergillus allergy |
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Term
| COPD/CF patients with bronchial plugs in lower airways, no tissue injury |
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Definition
| colonization of aspergillus leading to bostructive bronchial aspergillosis |
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Term
| tx for obstructive bronchial aspergillosis |
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Definition
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Term
| aspergilloma - what is it, how to tx |
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Definition
| aspergillus in fungal ball in pre-existing cavity/sinus; tx only if hemorrhage with surgery |
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Term
| locally invasive forms of aspergillosis |
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Definition
| steroids or COPD ppl with nectrotizing pseudomembranous bronchial aspergillosis or chronic nectroizing pulomnary aspergillosis |
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Term
| how to treat necrotizing local aspergillosis |
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Definition
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Term
| fever, infiltrates, chest pain, hemoptysis; can have angioinvasion of organs |
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Definition
| invasive aspergillosis; usually in severely IC pts with neutropenia, steroids, macrophage, T cell dysfxn |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| dx of invasive aspergillosis |
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Definition
| tissue invasion of a normally sterile site (NOT SPUTUM) for a. terreus/fusarium; immuno-assay galactomannan Ag in serum |
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Term
| tx for invasive aspergillosis |
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Definition
| ampB with lipid (if not a. terreus) or voriconazole |
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