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| a roll of parchment or paper for writing or painting on |
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| an ancient manuscript text in book form |
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| a material prepared in ancient Egypt from the pithy stem of a water plant, used in sheets throughout the ancient Mediterranean world for writing or painting on and also for making rope, sandals, and boats |
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| a stiff, flat, thin material made from the prepared skin of an animal and used as a durable writing surface in ancient and medieval times |
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| fine parchment made originally from the skin of a calf |
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| dutch miniature painters active in 15th century france; created what is certainly the best known late medieval illuminated manuscript, the Très Riches Heures du Duc de Berry |
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| “Opening of the Mouth Ceremony” Hunefer Book of the Dead #12 |
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| “Lacoon,”Vatican Vergil #23 |
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| “Rebecca at the Well,” Vienna Genesis #33-34 |
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| “Chi-Rho-Iota” page; Text Page, Book of Kells |
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| “February,” and “June,” Tres Riches Heures du Duc de Berry |
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| “Slaying a Dragon,” The Shahnama (Book of Kings) of Shah Tahmasp |
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| “Slaying a Dragon,” The Shahnama (Book of Kings) of Shah Tahmasp |
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| “The Concourse of the Birds,” The Language of Birds |
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| Illustrated Legends of the Kitano Tenjin Shrine |
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| Tale of a Strange Marriage |
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| a Christian devotional book popular in the Middle Ages; most common type of surviving medieval illuminated manuscript |
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| German inventor who developed a method of movable type and used it to create one of the Western world's first major printed books, the “Forty-Two-Line” Bible. |
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| painter, printmaker, and theorist of the German Renaissance. Born in Nuremberg; established his reputation and influence across Europe when he was still in his twenties, due to his high-quality woodcut prints. |
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| an English painter, printmaker, pictorial satirist, social critic, and editorial cartoonist who has been credited with pioneering western sequential art |
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| a French printmaker, caricaturist, painter, and sculptor, whose many works offer commentary on social and political life in France in the 19th century |
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| Francisco de Goya y Lucientes (“Goya”) |
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| a Spanish romantic painter and printmaker. He is considered the most important Spanish artist of late 18th and early 19th centuries and throughout his long career was a commentator and chronicler of his era |
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| an English caricaturist and illustrator. He is best known for his work for Punch, a humorous magazine for a broad middle-class audience |
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| an English illustrator, graphic humourist, and political cartoonist prominent in the second half of the 19th century; illustrated Alice in Wonderland/Through the Looking Glass |
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| Durer, Four Horses of the Apocalypse |
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| Durer, Four Horses of the Apocalypse |
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| Hogarth, A Harlot’s Progress |
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| Daumier, Don’t Meddle With It! |
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| Goya, Los Caprichos Series |
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| Goya, Disasters of War Series |
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| Leech, Illustrations for Dickens’ A Christmas Carol |
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| Tenniel, Illustrations for Carroll’s Alice in Wonderland and Through the Looking Glass |
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| one of several steps in the medieval process of manuscript making. Practitioners of this were specialized scribes who received text from the manuscript's original scribe and supplemented it with additional text in red ink for emphasis. |
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| first completely iron printing press |
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| high-speed steam-powered printing press, which prints on both sides of the paper at the same time. |
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| a German-born American caricaturist and editorial cartoonist considered to be the "Father of the American Cartoon". He was the scourge of Democratic Representative "Boss" Tweed and the Tammany Hall Democratic party political machine. |
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| an American ornithologist, naturalist, and painter. He was notable for his extensive studies documenting all types of American birds and for his detailed illustrations that depicted the birds in their natural habitats. |
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| an American painter in watercolor and illustrator, known for his illustrations in works by well-known 19th-century authors |
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| an American landscape painter and printmaker, best known for his marine subjects. He is considered one of the foremost painters in 19th-century America and a preeminent figure in American art. |
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| was an American painter, illustrator, sculptor, and writer who specialized in depictions of the Old American West, specifically concentrating on the last quarter of the 19th-century American West and images of cowboys, American Indians, and the U. S. Cavalry. |
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| an artist of the Old American West |
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| Homer, “A Bayonet Charge,” |
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| Nast, “Who Stole the People’s Money,” |
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| Nast, “Merry Old Santa Claus” |
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| Remington, “Frontier Canoe,” |
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| Russell, “Radisson’s Return to Quebec,” |
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| “When the Plains Were His” |
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