Term
| Occipital Lobe and Cerebellum are separated by the... |
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Definition
| Tentorium (extension of the Dura) |
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Term
| extension of the medulla is the... |
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Definition
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Term
| the ________ ________ divides the frontal and parietal lobes |
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Definition
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Term
| the ___________ ____________ separates the occipital and the parietal lobes |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| the cortex is gray or white matter? |
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Definition
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Term
| The 6 layers of the cortex: |
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Definition
1. Molecular Layer
2. External granular layer
3. external pyramidal layer
4. internal granular layer
5. internal pyramidal layer
6. multiform layer |
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Term
| the 5th layer, the internal pyramidal layer is important because... |
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Definition
| it represents the origin of the pyramidal system and it contains giant pyramidal neurons |
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Term
| 4 motor areas of the brain are the... |
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Definition
1. cortical system
2. pyramidal system
3. basal ganglia
4. cerebellum |
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Term
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Definition
| observed disturbances of executive functioning due to damage in the prefrontal cortex |
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Term
| 3 major symptoms of executive dysfunction are impairments in: |
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Definition
1. abstract reasoning
2. hypothesis testing
3. modulation of cognition (aka metacognition) |
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Term
| some things that fall under the "umbrella term" of executive function... |
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Definition
| filter interference, engage in goal directed behaviors, anticipate consequences of one's actions, mental flexibility, etc. |
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Term
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Definition
| inability to recognize people or objects with intact visual acuity - visual perceptual disturbances |
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Term
| apperceptive visual agnosia |
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Definition
| can't copy pictures but can draw them from memory |
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Term
| associative visual agnosia |
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Definition
| person can copy pictures but cannot recognize what the object is |
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Term
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Definition
| inability to recognize faces |
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Term
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Definition
| inability to recognize specific sounds in the context of intact hearing |
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Term
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Definition
| agnosia for verbal information |
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Term
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Definition
| patients who don't respond to any auditory information when hearing is intact |
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Term
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Definition
| difficulty perceiving objects through tactile stimulation |
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Term
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Definition
| loss or impairment of language production or comprehension due to brain pathology |
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Term
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Definition
| acquired inability to perform mathematical calculations |
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Term
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Definition
| denial of cortical blindness |
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Term
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Definition
| inability to carry out purposeful movements in the absence of paralysis or paresis |
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Term
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Definition
1. kinetic
2. ideomotor
3. ideational (posterior) |
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Term
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Definition
| subtypes: face (oral, ocular), limb axial |
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Term
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Definition
| difficulty in the sequencing and execution of movements |
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Term
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Definition
| can't perform a series of acts but can perform the individual acts (may do things in the wrong order) |
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Term
| buccofacial (oral) apraxia |
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Definition
| difficulties performing skilled movements with the lips, face, tongue, larynx, or pharynx |
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Term
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Definition
| disturbance in motor planning or programing of sequential movements for volitional speech production |
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Term
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Definition
| can perceive visual information but behaves as if it didn't exist - may refuse to accept that their limbs don't belong to them |
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Term
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Definition
| patient has difficulty with construction abilities that require spatial abilities (drawing, copying or from command, assembling 2 and 3 dimensional objects) |
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Term
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Definition
| involved in memory - located in the mesial aspect of the temporal lobe |
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Term
| damage to hippocampus results in |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| encoding, storage, retrieval |
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Term
| implicit (non-declarative memory) |
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Definition
| procedural memory.. how to do things, skills, habits, etc. |
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Term
| explicit (declarative memory) |
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Definition
| 2 types: semantic - world knowledge, related to language. episodic - fact and source, how things work. |
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Term
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Definition
| difficulty remembering where and when a particular memory was acquired - related with frontal lobe damage |
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Term
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Definition
| damage to the thalamus and hypothalamus |
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Term
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Definition
| deficit in recalling events that happened before the onset of the disorder |
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Term
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Definition
| deficit in learning after the onset of the disorder |
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Term
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Definition
| syndrome - impaired intellectual functioning that interferes with normal activities and relationships - memory loss is a common symptom - diagnosed only if 2 or more brain functions are impaired (ie: memory and language) |
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Term
| some diseases that can cause dementia |
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Definition
| alzheimer's, huntington's disease, traumatic dementia, frontotemporal dementia, vascular dementia |
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Term
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Definition
| arise from a disorder affecting the cerebral cortex - alzheimer's is the most common - severe memory deficit with other cognitive impairments |
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Term
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Definition
| arise from damage to the basal ganglia - (huntington's and aids dementia complex) show changes in their personality and attention span, and their thinking slows down |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| agnosia on half of the body |
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Term
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Definition
3 characteristics -
1. paralysis of gaze (can't look into the peripheral field)
2. optic ataxia
3. central fixation of visual attention (simultanagnosia) |
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