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| What are the goals of arch? |
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Definition
| WHAT happened, HOW did they live, WHY did they do the things they do, HOW did the culture carry on |
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| The surrounding deposit in which arch finds are made |
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| The invented, taught, and learned pattern of human behavior. |
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| Relationship between an artifact and other arch finds in a layer/deposit/feature |
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| History or ownership of an art object from the time of discovery or creation |
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| Object is contemporary with the other objects found in the same arch deposit or level |
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| Principle of Superposition |
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Definition
| any undisturbed sequence of layers, the bottom layer is the oldest |
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Definition
| May include: Paleoanthropology, prehistoric, historic, egyptology, biblical, classical, industrial, underwater |
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| What were the 3 earliest artifacts? |
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non portable, non structures, contains artifacts
Example: trash pit |
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Community or settlement
Example: |
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Any physical/spacial space of human manifestation
Example: |
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| How old is human lineage? |
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| Association of human tools with bones of extinct animals in deeply buried strata |
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| Bible: creation in 4004 BC |
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Definition
| Theory of evolution, natural selection |
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Definition
| Theory of cultural evolution |
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| Changing style of New England gravestones |
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Term
| What is Thomsen's 3 Age System? |
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Definition
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| Stratigraphy/superposition |
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Definition
| The layering of sites, the lower the layer, the older |
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| Chronological ordering based on changes of style |
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Definition
| Knowing the exact date, more of less 100 years |
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| Whats an example of an object of Known Age? |
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Definition
| Coins. Often have the date right on them |
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Definition
| If species evolve, cultures do also |
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One of the most common dating methods. Used to date something between 1-2 million years
Half life is 5,730 years |
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Definition
| Half-life of K-40= 1.3 billion years |
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Definition
| Research design, documentary evidence, historical records, written accounts, survey, excavation, analysis, publication, interpretation, conservation |
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Definition
| finding sites, the nature of the fossil evidence, identifying genera and species, dating finds, pace of discovery |
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Term
| Gorillas, chimps, and humans, diverged ___________ mya |
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Definition
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| What are 4 evolutionary characteristics of humans? |
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Definition
Bipedalism (walking on two feet),
tool use (stone tools, sharpened edges)
Increased brain size |
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Anyone that has chimps as their ancestors
Example: Homo, Australopithecus |
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| Stone tool industry associated with homo habilis |
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Definition
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| Which hominin was first to leave Africa? |
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Definition
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| Genus and species of Lucy |
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Definition
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| What does Cro-Magnon mean? |
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| Popular replacement theory |
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| Site in Israel. Found modern human fossils that alternate with Neanderthal fossils |
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| Musterian tool industry group |
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Definition
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| Shell, bone, and antler tools |
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| They found most recent neanderthal fossils |
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| Cro-magnon fossils, found baby fossils |
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| Cro-Magnon, mammoth bone husks |
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| Artifacts, Structure, sites, feature |
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| Material culture, context |
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| "Arch is surgery on the landscape" |
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| Found in Georgia. 1.77 MYA. Evidence for dispersal of homo erectus in africa |
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| Discovered Lucy. Australopithecus Aferensis. Ethiopia |
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| Letoli footprints. "Salem" juvenile |
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| Discovered indian burial grounds |
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| "Old Man" from La Chapelle |
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