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| term of the south after the civil war |
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| one of the two solemn agreements not to join a labor union |
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| a giant bootstride of workers, organized in 1866, included skilled, unskilled, and farmers with 600,000 members |
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| labor disorders had broken out on May 4, 1886, chicago police advanced on a meeting called to protest alleged brutalities by the authorities |
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| American Federation of Labor |
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| federation consisting of an association of self-governing national unions |
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| led his people as a war chief during years of resistance to United States government policies. |
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| the buckskin-clad "boy general" of civil war fame |
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| was the chief of the Wal-lam-wat-kain band of Nez Perce during General Oliver O. Howard's attempt to forcibly remove his band and the other "non-treaty" Nez Perce to a reservation in Idaho. |
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| born in 1823 and died in 1909, also known as "One who yawns", was a prominent Native American leader and medicine man of the Chiricahua Apache who fought against Mexico and the United States and their expansion into Apache tribal lands for several decades during the Apache Wars. |
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| massachusetts writer of children's literature, pricked the moral sense of americans in 1881, when she published A Century of Dishonor |
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| Brave warriors who were skilled horseman |
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| were sent to a dusty reservation in kansas, where 40 percent of them perished from disease. |
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| led by geronimo, they were pursued into Mexico by federal troops using the sun-flashing heliograph. |
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| Religious movement that was incorporated in many Native Americans lifestyle |
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| 1890, the fighting thus provoked, an estimated two hundred indian men, women, and children were killed, as well as twenty-nine invading soldiers |
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| act that dissolved many tribes as legal entities, wiped out tribal ownership of land, and set up individual indian family heads with 160 free acres |
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| was an armed engagement between combined forces of Lakota, Northern Cheyenne and Arapaho people against the 7th Cavalry Regiment of the United States Army. |
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| african americans in the U.S. army were named this because of the resemblance of their hair to the bison's furry coat |
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| was an influential American historian in the early 20th century. He is best known for his book, The Significance of the Frontier in American History, whose ideas are referred to as the Frontier Thesis. |
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| was a United States politician and member of the United States House of Representatives, representing Iowa as a member of the Greenback Party. He ran for President two times on third party tickets in the late 19th century. An opponent of the gold standard and national banks, he is most famous as the presidential nominee of the Populist Party in the 1892 election. |
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| charismatic labor leader, had helped organize the american railway union of about 150,000 members |
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| was an American politician in the late-19th and early-20th centuries. He was a dominant force in the liberal wing of the Democratic Party, standing three times as its candidate for President of the United States (1896, 1900 and 1908). |
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| first major U.S. discovery of silver and gold ore, located under what is now Virginia City, Nevada, on the eastern slope of Mount Davidson, a peak in the Virginia Range. |
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| When cowboys slowly drive large herds of cattle across the plains to a railroad terminal |
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| Allowed applicants to claim up to 160 acres of land for free |
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| Nickname given to Oklahoma in 1907 after it became a territory |
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| theory when hard times came, the unemployed who cluttered the city pavements merely moved west, took up farming, and prospered. |
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| organized in 1867, enchanced the lives of isolated farmers through social, educational, and fraternal activities. |
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| were badly drawn, and they were bitterly fought through the high courts by the well-paid lawyers of the "interests". |
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| Formed in the 1870's the alliance came together to break the grip of railroads and manufacturers |
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| Colored Farmers National Alliance |
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| attracted black farmers, and by 1890 membership numbered more than 250,000. |
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| Populist (People’s) Party |
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| Based among poor white cotton farmers in the South, and hard-pressed wheat farmers in the Plains states, it represented a radical crusading form of agrarianism and hostility to banks, railroads and elites generally. |
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| ragged armies of the unemployed began marching to protest the populists' argument that farmers and laborers alike were being victimized by an oppressive economic and political system. |
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| nationwide conflict between labor unions and railroads that occurred in the United States in 1894. |
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| delivered by William Jennings Bryan at the 1896 Democratic National Convention in Chicago on July 8, 1896. The speech advocated bimetallism. |
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| at all levels - national, state, and local - it amounted to about $16 million, as contrasted with about $1 million for the poorer democrats |
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| Established gold as the only standard for redeeming paper money. |
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