Term
|
Definition
| systematic state-level legal codes of segregation. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Ruled that "separate but equal" facilities were constitutional under 14th amendment. Legalized segregation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Prohibited the immigration of Chinese from 1882 until 1043 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Election of 1880, Republican candidate. Term was short and full of conflict within Republican party. Shot by Guiteau |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Shot Garfield after taking to offense Garfield's dismantling of Conkling |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Vice President with Garfield. Won under the spoils system, but after taking over presidency, fought against fraud, the spoils system, and Stalwarts. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Dubbed the "Magna Carta of civil-service reform." If made compulsory campaign contributions from federal employees illegal. Established Civil Service Commission which made appointments to federal positions on account of examinations. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Republicans who joined the Democratic party in disappointment of the nomination of corrupt James Blaine. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| He took control of the House of Reps, and dominated the Democrats |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Boosted tariffs to highest peactime level ever |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Rooted in the Farmers Alliance. They demanded inflation,a graduated income tax, government ownership of rr, telegraph,and telephone. Direct election of senators, one-term presidencies,shorter workday, and immigration restrictions. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A large strike took place and it took a large army to stop the strike. Both the strike and union was broken apart. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| It arose at the beginning of Clevelands presidency. Lasting for 4 years, it was caused by overbuilding and speculation, labor disorders, and agricultural depression. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The Democrats pledged lower tariffs, but the Wilson-Gorman Tariff barely lowered the tariffs. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| An act to aid in the construction of a railroad and telegraph line from the Missouri river to the Pacific ocean, and to secure to the government the use of the same for postal, military, and other purposes passed by Lincoln. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Commissioned during the Civil War in order to tied the west to the Union. It stretched west from Omaha, Nebraska |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The West end of the transcontinental railroad. Funded by the Big Four. It started from Sacramento and went East |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| At Ogden Utah, 1869. The First Transcontinental Railroad completed. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Leland Stanford, Collis Huntington, Mark Hopkins, Charles Crocker. Funded the Central Pacific Railroad. Employed Chinese |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Created the Great Northern Railroad. He focused on the bettering of the area around his railroad. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Created by Hill. Prospered greatly under the smart enterprising of Hill. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Facilitated in the welding of eastern railways to help the success of the western lines. Helped campaign for the use of steel rails |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Railroads brought the creation of time zones, to set firm schedules, now that trains could travel so fast. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Railroad stock promoters inflated their claims on the assets of the railroad - far more than the railroad was actually worth. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| He made millions off the railroad stocks of the Erie,the Kansas Pacific, the Union Pacific, and the Texas and Pacific. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| An agreement between railroad owners to divide the business in a given area and share the profits. |
|
|
Term
| Wabash case (Wabash v. Illinois) |
|
Definition
| Ruled that states had no right to rule over interstate commerce. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Prohibited rebates and pools and require railroads to publish their rates openly. Forbade unfair discrimination, and outlawed chargin more for a short haul than a long one. Set up the ICC |
|
|
Term
| Interstate Commerce Commission |
|
Definition
| Set up by the Interstate Commerce Commission. It was created to administer and enforce the new legislation created under the Interstate Commerce Act. VERY INEFFECTIVE |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Invented the telephone. Brought women into the workforce. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Created the phonograph, the mimeograph, the dictaphone, the moving picture, and the light bulb. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Owned a monopoly on Iron products. Vertical integration |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Combining into one organization all phases of manufacturing from mining to marketing. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The Bessemer process was the first inexpensive industrial process for the mass-production of steel from molten pig iron. Revolutionized the steel industry. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Owner of Standard Oil Company. He used the "trust" system to gain a monopoly on oil. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Allying with competitors to monopolize a given market. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Formed with other oil coportations under the "trust" and wiped out all other competing oil companies. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Any large scale business combination. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Carnegie sold his company to Morgan who watered the stocks, creating the first billion-dollar corporation. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Sold to Morgan by Carnegie. Became first billion-dollar corporation. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Owner of the meat industry trust. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Owner of the meat industry trust. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| It was the idea that the wealthy, entrusted with society's riches had to prove themselves morally responsible. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The idea that millionaires were the product of natural selection. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Professor are Yale. He supported the idea of social Darwinism. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| It forbade combinations in restraint of trade without any distinctions between "good" and "bad" trusts. Actually hurt the labor unions while the major corporations were unscathed. |
|
|
Term
| James Buchanan Duke and the American Tobacco Company |
|
Definition
| Technology allowed Duke to own a tobacco trust in the South. |
|
|
Term
| Henry W. Grady and the New South |
|
Definition
| Encouraged the rural South to industrialize and "beat the North at its own game" |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The south began manufacturing cotton by erecting cotton mills. They gained some industrial leverage, as they "brought the mills to the south" |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The rapid industrialization brought women into the workforce. The Gibsom girl was the idea that women could become free and independent. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The practice of an employer locking out rebellious workers until starved, they submitted to the employers whims. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The practice of employers forcing their workers to sign an agreement not to join labor unions, with the threat of being "blacklisted" |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Attracted 600,000 members. Won the case for an 8 hour workday. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Welcomed all producing workers to join in a campaign for workers rights. The fought for economic and social reform. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A prominent American labor and community organizer, a Wobbly, and a Socialist. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The leader of the Knight of Labor. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A Labor strike was interuppted by a bomb thrown by an anarchist which killed both strikers and police. This incident was associated with the Knights of Labor, bringing their downfall. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Pardoned 2 people in the Haymarket bombing case. He was attacked for his actions. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Formed the American Federation of Labor |
|
|
Term
| The American Federation of Labor |
|
Definition
| Skilled laborers in unions joined together to fight for better hours, wages, and working conditions. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Strike put down by local and state militia and federal troops; response to the cutting of wages of the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad. First time military was used against strikers. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A sign that workers were beginning to gain ground. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Contributed to the development of the skyscraper |
|
|
Term
| Theodore Drier's Sister Carrie |
|
Definition
| Tells of a girl who escapes the rural lifestyle to go live in the city. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| an American politician most famous for his leadership of Tammany Hall, the Democratic Party political machine that played a major role in the politics of 19th century New York. At the height of his influence, Tweed was the third-largest landowner in New York City, a director of the Erie Railway, the Tenth National Bank, and the New-York Printing Company, as well as proprietor of the Metropolitan Hotel. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Pastor of German Baptist Church in NY. Promoted social gospel. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The movement of churches to tackle the social issues of modern day. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Established the Hull House. The first of many American Settlement houses. Condemned war and poverty, won Nobel Peace Prize. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| "a guerrilla warrior in an urban jungle." She fought for welfare of women, children blacks and consumers. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Antiforeignism. Americans were afraid immigrants would soon overrun America |
|
|
Term
| American Protective Association |
|
Definition
| Group of Nativists. They urged people not to vote for Roman Catholics. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Preached a gospel of kindness and forgiveness. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Founded the Church of Christ, Scientist. Preached that true practice of Christianity heals sickness. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Schools that taught teachers. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Brought education to the adult population |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Taught Blacks useful trades to gain self respect. Rallied for the improvement of economic and educational resources for the blacks. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| First black to graduate with PHD. He formed the NAACP and demanded complete social and economic equality for blacks. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| National Association for the Advancement of Colored People. Founded by Du Bois. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Passed after the succession of the South. It provided a generous grant of the public lands to states for support of public education. Rise of Land Grant colleges which also provided military training. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Extension of Morrill Act. It provided federal funds for the establishment of agricultural experiment stations in connection with the land-grant colleges. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Served at Harvard. He made major contributions to the field of psychology. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Carnegie contributed 60 million dollars for the construction of public libraries. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A pioneer of sensationalism who established the New York World. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Sensationalism. Given the name by the Yellow Kid in Pulitzer's paper. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Competed with Pulitzer. He built up a powerful chain of newspapers, beginning with the San Francisco Examiner. |
|
|
Term
| Henry George, Progress and Poverty |
|
Definition
| A journalist author who believed that progress and poverty were linked. Believed 100% tax on landowner properties would eliminate inequalities. |
|
|
Term
| Edward Bellamy, Looking Backward |
|
Definition
| Socialist journalistic author who condemned trusts and major private corporations. |
|
|
Term
| General Lewis Wallace, Ben Hur |
|
Definition
| Sought to fight the prevailing wave of Darwinian skepticism. The "Uncle Tom's Cabin of anti-Darwinist." |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| He wrote many novels all giving the message that virtue, honesty, and industry are rewarded by success,wealth and honor. |
|
|
Term
| Walt Whitman, Leaves of Grass |
|
Definition
| Poet. He wrote some intense poems. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A poet who wrote over a thousand short lyrics. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| An acclaimed author who wrote amny famous novels and satires. Fought social injustice. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Editor in chief of Atlantic Monthly. Wrote about ordinary people and about contemporary and sometimes controversial social themes. |
|
|
Term
| Stephen Crane, Red Badge of Courage |
|
Definition
| Wrote about the seamy underside life of urban America. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Turned from law to literature. He wrote about women and became a pioneer of psychological realism. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Wrote about nature and had a book about a fascist revolution |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Wrote about the railroad and corrupt politicians. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Wrote of her belief in free love. First women to run for presidency. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| She launched a nationwide anti lynching crusade. She also launched the clack women's club movement which eventually became the Nation Association of Colored Women. |
|
|
Term
| Women's Christian Temperance Union |
|
Definition
| Had a white ribbon for purity. Fought against alcohol. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Founded the Woman's Christian Temperance Union. Also championed the concept of planned parenting. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| She smashed bars and bottles. She actually weakened the temperance movement. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Founded the American Red Cross. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Did most of his work in England. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Exiled himself to England. He drew flattering, but superficial likenesses of the British nobility. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Attained a high degree of realism in his paintings. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| He revealed rugged realism through his works. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Formed the Barnum and Bailey circus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Fought immorality. The Comstock Law named after him. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| One of the four territories of the Great West. Later became Oklahoma. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Colonel Chivington's mitlita massacred 400 Indians who thought that they had been promised immunity. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Custer set out to force the Indians back into their reservation. He underestimated an Indian force, and was completely wiped out. |
|
|
Term
| Chief Joseph and the Nez Perce |
|
Definition
| He led the Nez Perce on a trek in hopes to escape to Canada. He was stopped and sent to a reservation on Kansas. Half the Nez Perce died on this trek. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The Apache were pursued to Mexico. They surrendered after the Apache women were exiled to Florida. They ultimately became successful farmers in Oklahoma. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| She wrote on behalf of the Indians. Her books chronicled the sorry record of government's ruthless dealing Indians. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The government ordered the army to destroy the "Ghost Dance" cult. An action to try to force Indians "to walk the white man's road." |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| It dissolved many tribes as legal entities and wiped out tribal ownership of land and set up family heads with 160 free acres. Gave Indians citizenship and land if they became "American" |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| It taught Indian children who were separated from their parents English, American customs, and values. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Found in Nebraska. A large amount of gold and silver, worth more than 340 million dollars. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Cowboys drove thousands of cattle to a railroad terminal to sell. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| It allowed a settler to acquire as much as 160 acres of land by living on it for 5 years, improving it, and paying a fee of $30 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| People that sought land and opportunity on the plains. Called sodbusters because of their dependence on sod. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Beyond the 100th meridian, barely any rain fell. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| An explorer of Grand Canyon and director of the U.S. Geological Survey. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Invented barbed wire helped build fences on treeless plains |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Claim jumpers who eagerly claimed land in Oklahoma before it was available to them |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Wrote about the closing of the frontier and its significance. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
