Term
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Definition
soldiers that can no longer fight
(killed, wounded, captured/POW, MIA |
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Term
| When did Lexington & Concord occur? |
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Definition
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Term
| When was the 2nd continental congress? |
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Term
NAME THAT MAN:
Ethan Allen |
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Definition
-Green Mtn Boys w/ Benedict Arnold
-GMB captured Ft Ticonderoga on Lake Champlain w/o firing shots |
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Term
| Why was Fort Ticonderoga such a key fort? |
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Definition
| Essential to capture Canada |
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Term
| What was the main purpose of the 2nd Cont. Congress? |
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Definition
| pick general in chief of Continental Army(GW) |
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Term
| Who THOUGHT they'd be the commander in chief of the Continental Army? |
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Definition
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Term
| When was the birth of the US army? |
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Term
| talk about the discrepancies of the Battle of Bunker/Breed's Hill |
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Definition
| -Initial American fortification on Bunker Hill, but moved to Breed's to be closer to the British |
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Term
| Who commanded the patriots on Bunker hill? |
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Definition
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Term
| Who were two other men on Revere's mission? |
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Term
NAME THAT MAN:
Joseph Warren |
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Definition
| In charge of rear-guard action on Bunker hill, and more specifically was the guard rear to maintain the ability to escape, especially helpful when when Americans ran out of gunpowder |
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Term
| What battle is associated with Seth Pomeray and Artemis Ward? |
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Term
| Who was the British general who way fancy in everything he did? |
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Definition
| Gentleman Johnny Burgoyne |
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Term
| What was the name of the British general who was very intelligent, but didn't like Cornwallis? |
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Definition
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Term
| Who was the wife of Burgoyne's subordinate (and had an affair w/ Burgoyne) |
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Definition
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Term
| What was the rough ratio of casualties on Bunker Hill? |
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Definition
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Term
| On July 5, 1775, what caused "the die [to be] cast"? |
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Definition
| King refused Olive Branch Petition |
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Term
| What American officers took Montreal in 1775? Who was the British officer? |
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Definition
Benedict Arnold and Henry Knox...
Montgomery commanded the British |
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Term
| On January 15, 1776, this uberimportant pamphlet was published... |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
-helped barnold take Montreal
-read a lot of military books
-took guns from Ticonderoga--> Boston, caused Brits to flee? |
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Term
| On what date was Bunker Hill? |
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Definition
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Term
| What did Knowlton, Ward, Prescott, ad Stark do in the Battle of Bunker Hill? |
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Definition
| Commanded them damned rebels |
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Term
| Why was the Battle of Bunker Hill significant? |
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Definition
| -Pyrrhic Victory for British, but they still had to retreat! |
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Term
| Where did the British concentrate their efforts after the evacuation of Boston? Why? |
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Definition
| NY; loyalist haven, and surrounded by water |
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Term
NAME THAT MAN:
Richard Henry Lee |
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Definition
| made resolution to officially free the colonies from the British (made on June 7th, passed on July 2nd) |
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Term
| Define: The Battle of Long Island |
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Definition
-August 27-29
-Howe commanded the British
-Von Knyphausen commanded the Hessians
-GW commanded the Americans
-Fought @ Brooklyn Heights
-British were in a good position to attack until Howe decided to finish them in the morning, and GW + army escaped in the night with them marbleheaders |
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Term
| Who helped the Americans escape the Battle of Long Island? |
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Definition
| John Glover & the Marbleheaders |
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Term
| On 9/11/76, John Adams and Ben Franklin met at THIS place |
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Definition
| Staten Island Peace Convention |
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Term
| Give a quick summary of the Battle of Harlem Heights |
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Definition
-Sept 16, 1776
-Israel Putnam, Nathaniel Greene, GW v Alexander Leslie
-Americans win, retreat to White Plains |
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Term
NAME THAT MAN:
NATHAN HALE |
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Definition
| American spy..."my only regret is that I have but one life to lose for my country" |
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Term
| Define: Battle of Valcour Bay |
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Definition
-October 11, 1776
-Near Lake Champlain
-Benedict Arnold v Pringle, Carleton
-First naval battle
-British victory, but tired out by Arnold, had to rest for the winter |
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Term
| Define: Battle of White Plains |
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Definition
-GW v Howe (mostly)
-after retreat from Long Island
-GW didn't get higher ground
-British victory
-October 28, 1776 |
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Term
| What happened in November of 1776 at Ft Lee? |
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Definition
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Term
| V/F: On July 12, amnesty was offered to the rebels in exchange for surrender |
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Definition
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Term
| Ft Washington was on the NY/NJ side? |
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Definition
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Term
NAME THAT MAN:
Charles Lee |
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Definition
-Actually had combat experience
-thought he was superior to GW
-people wanted him to combine with GW
-captured by British |
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Term
NAME THAT MAN:
Commander of Hessians on 12/26/76 |
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Definition
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Term
| After the Battle of Trenton, Washington's army got ANOTHER victory shortly after, which was... |
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Definition
| -at Princeton on January 3, 1777 |
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Term
| What was the significance of the Battle of Trenton? |
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Definition
-first victory
-improved morale
-GW: "victory or death"
-victory & at Princeton boosted enlistment |
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Term
| What was the goal of Phase One of the Revolution? |
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Definition
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Term
| What was the objective of Phase Two of the Revolution? |
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Definition
| crush revolution through NE (cradle of rev) via three-pronged attack |
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Term
| Explain the three-pronged attack of the British in phase 2 |
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Definition
-Gen. Burgoyne comes from south, attacking Ticonderoga and going through Canada
-Col. St. Ledger came East from Ontario
-Howe came from NYC in the North to control the Hudson |
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Term
| What went wrong with Col. St Ledger's prong? |
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Definition
-unreliable NA allies hurt the British when barnold fooled them with a deranged person in the Battle of Ft. Stanwix
-Oriskany was another bad battle on the East side |
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Term
| Define: Battle of Oriskany |
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Definition
-General Herkimier commanded Americans
-Brant on other side
-One of the bloodiest battles in the revolution |
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Term
| Define: The Battle of Bennington |
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Definition
-We won!!!
-John Stark is the hero
-reduced Burgoyne's army greatly
-Took away NA support
-deprived Burgoyne of needed supplies,
-factors that contributed to Burgoyne's eventual surrender at Saratoga |
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Term
| How did Howe's prong fail? |
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Definition
-Howe was mad that he outranked Burgoyne of whom had gotten command of the attack (it was Burgoyne's idea)
-he attacked Philadelphia instead |
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Term
| How did Burgoyne's prong fail? |
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Definition
-Weakened from Bennington
-Had to defeat D. Morgan, Horatio Gates, & Benedict Arnold at Saratoga
-Burgoyne surrendered 6,000 troops
-meant French aid for Americans |
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Term
| What was the movement to replace GW with Horatio Gates? |
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Definition
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Term
| Who was the woman engaged to a Burgoyne soldier and killed by NAs associated w/ the British? What resulted from her killing? |
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Definition
| Jane McCrea; enlistments skyrocketed |
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Term
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Definition
| -executed and ate prisoners |
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Term
| What was the British focus of phase III? |
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Definition
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Term
| Why did the British focus on the South? |
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Definition
-French about to enter the war, and they'd have to fight them for the W. Indies
-wanted to keep close to W. Indies |
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Term
| What battles are Israel Putnam associated with? |
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Definition
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Term
| What battles are Knowlton associated with? |
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Definition
| Bunker (Knowlton's Rangers) |
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Term
NAME THAT MAN:
Thomas Gage |
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Definition
| Enforced martial law in America, along with Richard Howe |
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Term
NAME THAT LADY:
Molly Pitcher |
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Definition
-Molly Ludwig Hayes
-Helped soldiers in Battle of Monmouth
-Took over husband's place when wounded |
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Term
| Define: Battle of Savannah |
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Definition
-Dec. 1778?- GA taken by British
-lot of casualties
-Casimir Pulaski- largely responsible for cavalry, Polish, died in battle |
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Term
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Definition
-faster
-flank enemy formation |
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Term
NAME THAT MAN:
Lafayette (besides French gamecock) |
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Definition
| convinced Louis XVI and Marie Antoinette to stay in the war |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
NAME THAT MAN:
Comp de Rochambeau |
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Definition
| General of French forces in America |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| built some fortifications (Polish) |
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Term
| Define: Battle of Charleston |
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Definition
-costliest defeat of the war
-Ben Lincoln became a POW
-Henry Clinton took over for Cornwallis |
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Term
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Definition
-SC
-5,500 American troops ditched by Horatio Gates
-Against Tarleton, Cornwallis
-de Kalb died (significance) |
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Term
| Define: Battle of Monmouth |
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Definition
-Very, very hot
-commander: henry clinton v GW
-British were evacuating from PA to NYC
-6,000 British troops were sent to FL to protect it
-GW called a council of war and went against Lafayette's advice not to go to war
-Lafayette then decided he wanted to command and upon doing so ordered a retreat
-GW rode forward, VITUPERATED Lafayette, and got shot at a lot
-Hessians had a disadvantage w/ their heavy armor in the heat
-Ended up being a draw
-Huge confidence boost for Americans as soldiers and commanders alike gained more experience |
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Term
| Define: Battle of King's Mtn |
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Definition
Oct 7 1780
-NC/SC
-Campbell, Johnson v Ferguson
-British loss, wanted revenge (significance)
-Tories trying to surrender fell to American cavalry |
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Term
| Define: Battle of Cowpens |
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Definition
-SC
-Greene, Morgan (Hero!) v Cornwallis, Tarleton
-Morgan told troops to fire twice and retreat
-militia were usually used on the flanks, but were used in the middle this time
-ended up in Patriot victory (significance)
-Helped morale, made Cornwallis rethink strategy, and slowed the British |
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Term
| Define: Battle of Gulford Courthouse |
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Definition
-NC
-Greene v Cornwallis
-British Pyrrhic victory (significance)
-Morgan was too ill to fight |
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Term
| Define: Battle of Yorktown |
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Definition
-VA
-GW wanted to attack NY
-Rochambeau said it was too risky
-De Grasse was on his way to the West Indies, but made a stop at Yorktown
-GW sent counterespionage messages to make people think he was going to NY
-General Clinton thought he'd be attacked in NYC
-couldn't help Cornwallis...stopped by French fleet
-lost major land battle (too risky) |
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Term
| What was significant about the surrender at Yorktown? |
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Definition
| Cornwallis sent his second in command (O'Herra) to present a sword to Rochambeau, of whom gave it to GW, who refused it and said to give it to his second command (Benjamin Lincoln) |
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Term
| Discuss Benedict Arnold's treason |
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Definition
-Everyone wanted W. Point to control the Hudson
-Americans put chains across W. Point and Constitution Island so that the Brits could not cross
-barnold met loyalist named Peggy Shippen
-GW offered barnold a field command, to which barnold instead asked to command W. Point
-barnold tired the troops at w. point, and WAS going to sabotage them, but was caught
-John Andre was his spy, and was totally caught and his alias (John Anderson) was revealed |
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Term
NAME THAT MAN:
John Paul Jones |
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Definition
-Scottish
-"Father of American Navy"
-Father was a gardener to a Spanish Lord
-did not like aristocracy, thus British
-Disciplinarian at sea
-accused of murdering a man
-had to leave to colonies
-went to England during Rev, attacked English towns periodically
-In 1779, Jones fought as captain on the USS Bonhomme Richard against the HMS Serapis
-Bonhomme was sinking
-famous quote: surrender sir? I have not yet begun to fight
-won battle
-Notorious self-promoter
-Relationship with Phyllis Wheatley |
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Term
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Definition
-Leading moderate delegate at 2nd cont. congress
-from PA |
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Term
NAME THAT MAN:
Francis Marion |
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Definition
-"swamp fox"
-harassed the British in the south
-hid out in swamp afterward |
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Term
NAME THAT MAN:
Thomas Sumter |
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Definition
-Ft Sumter named after him
-used guerilla tactics to harass British |
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Term
Who were the American delegates at the Treaty of Paris?
Why was their treaty so controversial? |
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Definition
John Jay, Ben Franklin, and John Adams
...
separate peace from France |
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Term
| What was the Newbourgh Conspiracy? |
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Definition
-1783- Treaty of Paris had not yet been signed, and Washington still had his troops out
-2nd cont. congress had not adequately paid their soldiers yet
-conspiracy to ditch congress and make Washington king took hold
-Washington heard, stood in front of troops, read letter with glasses, and said, "excuse me, for my service has made me old and gray" to which the soldiers connected with, and immediately felt shame, killing the conspiracy |
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