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| French Protestant dissenters, the Hugenots were granted limited toleration under the Edict of Nantes. After King Louis XIV outlawed Protestantism in 1685, many Hugenots fled elsewhere, including to British North America. |
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| Decree issued by the French crown granting limited toleration to French protestants. Ended religious wars in France & inaugurated a period of French preeminence in Europe & across the Atlantic. Its repeal in 1685 prompted a fresh migration of Protestant Hugenots to North America. |
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| Voyageurs (Coureurs de Bois) |
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| Translated as "runners of the woods", they were French fur-trappers, also known as "voyageurs" (travelers), who established trading posts throughout North America. The furt trade wreaked havoc on the health & folk ways of their Native American trading partners. |
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| War fought largely between French trappers, British settlers, & their respective Indian allies from 1689-1697. The colonial theater of the larger War of the League of Augsburg in Europe. |
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| Second in a series of conflicts between the European powers for control of North America, fought between the English & French colonists in the North, & the English & Spanish in Florida. Under the peace treaty, the French ceded Acadia (Novia Scotia), Newfoundland, & Hudson Bay to Britain. |
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| Small-scale clash between Britain & Spain in the Caribbean & in the buffer colony, Georgia. It merged with the much larger War of Austrian Succession in 1742. |
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| North American theater of Europe's War of Austrian Succession that once again pitted British colonists against their French counterparts in the North. The peace settlement did not involve any territorial realignment, leading to conflict between New England settlers & the British government. |
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| French residents of Nova Scotia, many of whom were uprooted by the British in 1755 & scattered as far South as Louisiana where their descendants became known as "Cajuns". |
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| Nine-year war between the British & the French in North America. It resulted in the expansion of the French from the North American mainland & helped spark the Seven Years' War in Europe. |
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| Intercolonial congress summoned by the British government to foster greater colonial unity & assure Iroquois support in the escalating war against the French. |
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| Trained professional soldiers, as distinct from militia or conscripts. During the French & Indian War, British generals. |
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| Historic British victory over French forces on the outskirts of Québec. The surrender of Québec marked the beginning of the end of French rule in North America. |
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| Bloody campaign waged by Ottawa chief Pontiac to drive the British out of Ohio Coutnry. It was brutally crushed by British troops, who resorted to distributing blankets infected with smallpox as a means to put down the rebellion. |
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| Decree issued by Parliament in the wake of Pontiac's uprising, prohibiting settlement beyond the Appalachians. Contributed to rising resentment of British rule in the American colonies. |
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| French king who took over at age five & took deep interest in starting a colony in the New World. |
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| "Father of New France"; founder of Québec. |
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| Failed miserably as a British general by spreading out his troops instead of focusing them all in one city. |
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| Leader brought in to clean up Braddock's failures; known as the "Organizer of Victory"; captured Louisbourg. |
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| Leader of British forces in the battle for Québec. |
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| Ottawa Indian chief who led an uprising attempt to get the British out of the Ohio River Valley; aided by a few French. |
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