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| Named first national parkby congress, followed by yosemite and sequoia. |
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| The most famous western artist, left Yale Art School in 1881 and became a kansas sheep hurder and tavern owner, later went back to painting |
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| Wrote "A Century Of Dishonor"About the plite of the indians |
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| About 360,000 indians pushed passed the mississippi by colonists. learned how to ride horses, guns |
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| Assigned reservations to comanches, plains, appaches, kiowas, Cheyannes, and arapahoes. bringing them together with the sious, shoshones, bannocks, and navajos |
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| a loose confederation spreadout over the north of the great plains, very adaptive, best at it of all nations. followed hurds on horseback, persued dreams telling of good faith |
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| Where 800 Chyannes lead by black kettle went for safty. attacked by colorado volentiers, masacre |
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| Great Sioux war of 1865-1867 |
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| The oglala sioux fought us into stailmate, caused them to abandon forts and give sioux reservation, including south dacota, through the treaty of fort laramie |
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| At little bighorn, trying to fight off an allied fight of sioux and cheyenne the largest indian cintingent ever assembled |
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| means peirced nose, given by french. Tricked into giving up there land on the platue where idaho, washingtn, and oregion. moved and tried to make it to cannada, stopped 30 miles from the boarder. moved to an oklahoma reservation |
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| used water to blast away rock and expose minerals and elements underneth. poluted air and cloged rivers from debre |
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| Settled by mormons, used land as common land, no personal property. Bucannan believed they were in a state of Rebelion, sent military to occupy the territory |
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| Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo |
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| Ended Mexican american war, allowed mexicans to deside if they wanted to become american citizens or move back to mexico, created one of the longest ungarded boarders ever. gave California and texas |
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| A powerful group of lawyers, politicians, and land speculaters who stole millions of acres of land from punlic domain and over 80% of the mexicano land holdings in new mexico alone |
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| Granted a Quarter section, or 160 acres free to any settler who could improve it in 5 years, or buy it for $1.25per acre. mostly allowed woman to gain land |
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| Allowed land grants to colleges to make campuses in return for instituting an agricultural program |
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| Created a series of state experimental stations to provide basic agricultural research, usualy conected with colleges and universitys |
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| Timber Culture act of 1873 |
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| alloted settlers another 160 acres of land if they would use 40 acres to plant trees. used, people baught land and then sold it before any trees were planted |
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| National Reclamation Act of 1902 |
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| New lands added 1 million acres of irrigated land, and state irrigation distric added 10 million acres. allowed dry land to gain water and become fertile |
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| Gorest Management Act of 1897 |
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| gave secratary of interior the power over forests, bean to rebuild climate |
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| forest Management Act of 1897 |
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| gave secratary of interior the power over forests, bean to rebuild climate |
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| National Forest Service 1905 |
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| Made in 1905, put people in to manage forests and protect them |
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| Put the landscape in the control of california |
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| The dawes severalty act 1887 |
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| Devided communal tribal land granted the right to peition for citizenshio to those indians who accepted the individual land allotment of 160 acres, underminded sovernty |
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| The Paiute prophet wovoka, had a vision during a total eclipse of the sun. a special place in hevan for all the indians. the dream taught him a dance which he taught to his people, that would get him into this special place |
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| Invented the incancecent light |
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| Invented the gasoline burning engine, and automobile |
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| used in light, heat, motion, new tipe of fuel, widly used after 1850. reliable and inexpencive, we became dependant on it |
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| used in the meat packing industry, a new form of production line more efficient then the old. began to be used in most types of manufacturing |
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| Department stores, offered a great number of things, from shoes to stoves |
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| Also offered a huge variety of things in the common marketplace |
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| offered a veriety of things in 5-10 cent stored, the modern day walmart. the heart of alot of anger from smaller businesses who where loosing business to this bigger store |
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| Used vertical intergration by buying plantations, cooling houses, and railroad transportation |
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| John D. Rockefeller, started in cleavland, and by unknown means, owned over 90% of the oil industry. (horazontal integration) |
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| those who were wealthy believed that there personal achevement to have worked and persivered earned them wealth, and aided them in there persuit of wealth |
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| got his fortune off the labor of others. he got companies by tricking stockholders, manipulated elections, cut wages, bought newspapers because he was afrade of being badly spoken of |
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| Thought to be a bad person. Built his empire in steel, didnt treat his workers very good. worked and overlooked his workers. he gave all of his wealth up to libraries, universities, and other establishments to further those who were fortunate |
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| chinese Exclusion Act 1882 |
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| suspended chinese imigration. limited civil rights and forbade there nationalization |
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| an organization for ALL wage erners, no matter there race or sex, wanted the 8 hour day, protests and walkoffs, ended in disaster at haymarket square |
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| Knights of labor were out protesting peacefuly for the 8 hour day, police came to break them up, and a man threw a bomb at the police. 7 were killed. police opened fire and arrested suspects. ended the knoghts of labor movement |
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| American Federation of Labor (AFL) |
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| supported wage system used unions and bargons to gain what they wanted. more successful than the knights of labor. only white males |
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| supported by the afl, in supported by the working class, started officialy in 1894 |
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| dingy, crouded apartment complexes with horrid sanitation and way to many people living way to close together. four familys per floor. |
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| Disigned fenway park System, nations premere landscape architect |
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| the era following the civil war, named by Mark Twain, favored the growth of a new class united in its persute of money and leasure |
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| Rhode island, summer community for the rich, based on the consumer |
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| included doctors, lawyers, and others plus salaried employees like managers, technicians, clerks and engeniers |
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| made for workers to go and have fun. roller costers, amusement park, water park |
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| opened for ice skating in 1858, nodel for urban park systems across america |
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| most popunar form of comercial entertainment, a veriety show |
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| formed a sense of nationalism, alcahol rampant |
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| Interstate Commerce Commission |
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| was the first independant regulatory agency organized railroads and transportation fees |
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| allowed president to create, with cennate aproval, a 3 person commission to draw up a set of guidlines for executive and legislative appointments, established a system of standards for federal jobs. barred cndidates to solicit campaign controbutions form government workers |
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| word for farm, a faternal Society who believed they were being unfairly treated, and they were the main farmers of the populist party |
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| National Farmers Alliance |
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| in 1889 several regonal organizations merged. more politicaly involved than granges, helped modivate farmers to improve there crops |
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| produced 25% unemployment in citys |
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| first nationwide strike, began in mortinsburg, west verginia, where workers were protesting a 10% wage cut, spread allong railroad routs |
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| started by frances E Willard in 1878, largest womans group of the time, encoraged woman to do everything, and to make the world more homelike |
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| the peoples party, started by workers and farmers |
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| head of the american federation of labor, estemated unemployment to be 3 million in the late 1893-97 depression |
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| lead by Jacob Sechler from assillon, ohio. marched on washington DC, gathering unembloyed peoples on the way. stoped by the police as they entered the city |
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| Where steel and metal workers had a good stand they protested a wage cut. major gunfire, companies opened with strikebreakers working the mines |
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| Formed american railway union, boycotted pullman bed cars, would not run them. because of wage cuts |
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| protostants noticed discrepancy between attitude tward poor and their beliefs, also agenst child labor |
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| pullman cut wages while keeping rent the same. they boycotted teh sleeping cars, but an accusation of holding up postal service, which was not true, brought federal troops in to disband |
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| tightentd money supply by eliminating silver coin from cerculation. called crime of '73 |
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| unlimited coinage of silver, supported by westerners and farmers |
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| Up for democratic presidency, went everywhere supported free silver, supported by populists |
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| became president, major expancionist, faught spanish-american war for cuba. |
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| agenst blacks, limited rights and votes. pro segrigation |
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| poll tax and literecy tests |
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| just another way in the south to prevent blacks and uneducated whites from voting |
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| Young editor of a black newspaper, was very outspoken and agenst lynchings |
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| Displayed representitives of forgin lands, showed off forgin culture |
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| was the duty of the white man to spread itself over the world and civilize the world to make the world better |
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| helped generate punlic interest in forgen lands and paved the way for expansion |
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| the new american navy, new steel ships sent to cuba. all painted white |
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| treveled to hawii, haught land , was a missionary, ended up taking over and overthrowing the queen |
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| outlined for 6 major countries, america enjoyed the right to expand its comercial enterprises anywhere in the world |
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| was blown up while trying to save americans from havana, cuba. Started intervention of america in the spanish war. |
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| a bisclamer saying their would be no trying to take over the island of cuba for themselves |
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| led by rosiveld, in cuba, were a major part of the spanish american war |
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| required cuba to give land to allow american bases, pay all depts to america, not allowed to sign treatys agenst american interests, allowed america to intervine at an time to protect its interests in cuba |
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| 1000 islands, spanish colony, opened markets to mainland, asia. taken my mckinly sent 5000 troops to occupy after declaring war on spain. mckinly declared to educate filipinos |
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| small group of promonent bostinians who were very agents expansionism. believed it is not our place, it is unfair, and it is agents our beliefs |
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