Term
| At the time the Constitution was written, America was... |
|
Definition
| governed by the Articles of Confederation |
|
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Term
| Which of the following powers did the federal government have under the Articles of Confederation? |
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Definition
| the power to create laws, with a majority vote from the state representatives |
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Term
| Who wrote the Articles of Confederation? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| Which of the following expresses a concern that the Founding Fathers might have been seeking to address as they wrote the Constitution? |
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Definition
| "it is . . . by the unwise or unwarrantable use of [legal powers] that governments oppose their true end and object" |
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Term
| When the Articles of Confederation were written... |
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Definition
| the writers tried to avoid too strong a central government. |
|
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Term
| Which of the following was a characteristic of Greek democracy? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| In which ways is our government similar to that of ancient Greece? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| Which of the following is not a way that our government differs from the Greek and Roman governments? |
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Definition
| the citizens' right to vote |
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Term
| Which is the most likely reason the Founders did not set up a republic exactly the same as the Republic of Rome? |
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Definition
| The consuls of Rome decided when the legislature met and what they could discuss. |
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Term
| Match the following answers with the terms on the right. |
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Definition
the reason the Founding Fathers decided to create a republic instead of a pure democracy - E: tyranny of the majority
created a government with a bicameral legislature, where one house would have an equal number of representatives per state and the other house would have population-based representation - b: Great Compromise
dealt with how to include slaves in the state population for the purpose of taxing and determining the number of state representatives - c: Three-Fifths Compromise
a government where the legislative seats would be granted on the basis of state population - a: Virginia Plan
a government where the legislative seats would be granted equally to each state - f: New Jersey Plan
created with the goal of avoiding a strong central government - d: Articles of Confederation |
|
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Term
| Which is a power reserved to the federal government? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| Congress's ability to impeach Supreme Court judges is a... |
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Definition
|
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Term
| How is our government different from the Roman government? |
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Definition
| The Constitution provides checks and balances. For example, the president can veto a bill passed by the legislature. |
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Term
| Which is a power reserved to the states? |
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Definition
| the power to ratify amendments to the Constitution |
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Term
| The president's ability to appoint Supreme Court judges is a |
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Definition
|
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Term
| Who possesses the powers not specifically delegated in the Constitution? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| The Constitution likely impacts our lives most in what way? |
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Definition
| by providing a framework of freedom that we often don't notice unless our freedoms are threatened |
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Term
| In the case study, what do Caleb and/or Barret's actions show? |
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Definition
| Their actions show the effectiveness of the Constitutional right to freedom of speech. |
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Term
| Which of the following plans became the basis on which the legislative branch is now organized? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| Which of the following powers was held by the Roman consuls but is not held by the U.S. president? |
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Definition
| the power to determine when the legislative body met |
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Term
| The government can do all of the following, except ________. |
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Definition
| prevent you from printing anti-government materials |
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Term
| Why did the Founding Fathers originally gather? |
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Definition
| to revise the Articles of Confederation |
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Term
| Which of the following is not a check? |
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Definition
| The president is the chief law enforcer. |
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Term
| Which of the following is a similarity between the U.S. Senate and the Roman Senate? |
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Definition
| Both senates are influenced in important ways by the executive branch of their respective governments. |
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Term
| Which statement from the case study best demonstrates the type of statement protected by the Constitution and Bill of Rights? |
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Definition
| Caleb Proulx's statement, "I don't have faith in what our leaders tell us are their motives." |
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Term
Joe owns a bar and grill/dance hall on valuable downtown property. Steve wants to buy the property and replace the bar with a small hotel, but Joe refuses to sell. Steve, hoping to force Joe to sell, starts a petition to have zoning ordinances changed so that Joe can no longer operate a bar in that part of the city. Because Steve is a respected community leader, when he spreads rumors about Joe's bar and claims that Joe encourages minors to drink and is creating a dangerous environment, he gets more than half the voters in the city to sign his petition. However, when the city council examines the issue, they decide not to change the zoning ordinances because Joe's bar obeys liquor laws, carefully checking patrons' age before selling them alcohol, and many of his customers go to Joe's for the dance hall or the grill rather than the bar. The city council determines that Joe's bar does not create a dangerous environment, and it opts to let Joe continue running his business as usual.
This example shows why the Founding Fathers ________. |
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Definition
| wanted a republic rather than a democracy |
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Term
| Which of the following is a reason America is not a pure democracy? |
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Definition
| The Founders feared a tyranny of the majority. |
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Term
| According to James Madison's quote in 1.3, which of the following is the most important purpose of a government and its representatives? |
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Definition
| to serve the public good and the people |
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Term
| James and Thomas had a dispute over property boundaries. James claimed Thomas was pasturing his cows on James's land. Thomas said James extended his fence line onto Thomas's property. Under the Articles of Confederation, where could Thomas and James have gone to settle their dispute? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| The Constitution was written with the idea of ________. |
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Definition
| creating a strong central government while maintaining the greatest amount of personal freedom possible |
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Term
| The Supreme Court's decision to overturn segregation laws as unconstitutional is an example of ________. |
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Definition
|
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Term
| According to one of the Founding Fathers quoted in the lesson, which of the following is a way to have good and safe government? |
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Definition
| "to divide it among the many" |
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Term
| Compare the office of U.S. president with the Roman office of consul. Which of the following is true? |
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Definition
| The U.S. president holds more limited power, but for a longer term, than did the Roman consuls. |
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Term
| Which of the following is not a balance? |
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Definition
| Congress can pass a law that the president has vetoed. |
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Term
| Suppose that the Articles of Confederation are still in force and that a resolution has been proposed that would abolish the executive committee and replace it with a president. Now suppose that, out of the thirteen states, only Pennsylvania did not support the resolution. Which of the following could happen? |
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Definition
| The resolution would fail. |
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Term
| Which of the following explains why the writers of the Articles of Confederation intentionally created a weak government? |
|
Definition
| They were trying to set up a government that could not become tyrannical. |
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Term
| State governments are allowed to ________. |
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Definition
| both collect taxes and ratify amendments to the Constitution |
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Term
| Which was not considered much at the Constitutional Convention? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Which of the following did the Founders cite as being needful in good government? |
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Definition
| the ability to maximize individual freedom without allowing individuals to infringe on others' freedom |
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Term
| Paul does not own any property. He was born in the country where he currently lives, but his parents were immigrants. He is also a member of the military. What are Paul's legal rights in ancient Greece? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Which of the following is a result of the Constitution and Bill of Rights? |
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Definition
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Term
| Generally, the law cannot prohibit people from doing things harmful to themselves as long as those things aren't harmful to others. For instance, the government can't dictate how often a person eats fast food. Why not? |
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Definition
| The law specifically says that all powers not given to the government are reserved to the people. |
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Term
| Match the following answers with the terms on the right. |
|
Definition
freedom from quartering soldiers without consent - g: Third Amendment
powers not given to the government are reserved to the states or the people - a: Tenth Amendment
freedom of religion - b: First Amendment
people are not limited to the rights listed in the Constitution - c: ninth amendment
right to a trial by jury - i: seventh amendment
freedom from illegal search - e: fourth amendment
freedom of defense in court - f: sixth amendment
freedom from cruel or unusual punishment - h: eighth amenmdent
right to have due process of law - d: fifth amendment
right to bear arms - j: second amendment |
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Term
| The crowd hissed and booed when Giles Cory left the courtroom because... |
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Definition
| they thought he was involved in witchcraft |
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Term
| Which of the following people was not accused of being a witch? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| What did the magistrate believe caused the girls to go into fits in the courthouse? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When Bridget cried, "I am innocent to a witch," she meant that |
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Definition
|
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Term
| The Bill of Rights had been in force for well over a hundred years when the McCarthy Trials took place. Why do you think it was ignored during these trials? |
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Definition
| It was said in the lesson that, "fear can sometimes cause people to bypass the Bill of Rights." I believe this statement to be true as I see many people giving up their beliefs and core values because they are afraid. What they are afraid of can be many different things but acting instead of reacting to what they are afraid of usually leads to the wrong decision. This is what happened in the McCarthy Trials. |
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Term
| (Choose all that apply) Steinbeck feels that revealing names of people he knows are innocent, in order to satisfy the demands of Congress, would be (check all that apply): |
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Definition
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Term
Fill in the blank: "Our virtues begin at home. They do not change in a courtroom unless the pressure of ___
is put upon us." |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| In the story Fahrenheit 451 the firemen had always burned books. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Why was Clarisse considered odd or even dangerous? |
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Definition
| She wanted to know why things happened. |
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Term
| Beatty had read books before. |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| When the Constitution was first written, the Anti-Federalists ________. |
|
Definition
| were concerned that a strong central government might abuse its power |
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Term
| When Mary Warren said, "I will tell! I will tell! I will tell!" she meant ________. |
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Definition
| she would tell Magistrate Hathorne that the accusers were lying |
|
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Term
| The rights listed in the Constitution and the Bill of Rights are the only rights the people possess. Unless a right is specifically stated, the people do not have that right. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Because of the Bill of Rights, you are _________. |
|
Definition
| allowed to self-censor books that contain objectionable content |
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Term
| Steinbeck believes that Congress has the right to ask anyone about anything. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| According to the Fahrenheit 451 passage in unit 2, is Montag in trouble for taking a book home with him? |
|
Definition
| No, as long as he gives it back to be burned. |
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Term
| According to Beatty in Fahrenheit 451, what do people want more than anything else? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| At the time of the Supreme Court case Tinker v. Des Moines, ________. |
|
Definition
| it was not clear whether students' rights to free speech were the same as adults' rights |
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Term
| The Bill of Rights had been in force for well over a hundred years when the McCarthy Trials took place. Why was it ignored during these trials? |
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Definition
| All of these actions caused the Bill of Rights to be ignored during these trials. |
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Term
| What do firemen protect people against in the book Fahrenheit 451? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| Which of the following could not have happened if the Fifth and Sixth Amendments had been instituted during the Salem witch trials? |
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Definition
| the first and third options are correct |
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Term
| You're at school, and you realize that you left one of your textbooks in your car. During lunch, you go to the parking lot to get it. While you're looking for the book, a teacher approaches and asks what you're doing. You tell her and hold up the textbook. She tells you to give her the book and to turn out the pockets of your jeans and jacket. You have never been in serious trouble before. According to the Fourth Amendment, does the teacher have the right to search your pockets and your book? |
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Definition
| No. The teacher does not have a reasonable suspicion that you are hiding something. |
|
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Term
| Which of the following does Steinbeck believe is the most important way for Americans to behave? |
|
Definition
| to maintain personal morality regardless of consequences |
|
|
Term
| The United States was the first nation to adopt a bill of rights. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The First Amendment says, "Congress shall make no law . . . abridging the freedom of speech," ________. |
|
Definition
| but it does not say which kinds of speech are protected |
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Term
| The powers not specifically given to the federal government in the Constitution ________. |
|
Definition
| are reserved for the states and also belong to the people |
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Term
| Steinbeck believes that a person disloyal to innocent people will be loyal to his or her country. |
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Definition
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Term
| You were convicted of robbing an ice-cream truck and had to serve your sentence at a juvenile detention center. However, you were innocent—the ice-cream-truck driver framed you. A fellow inmate informs you of your double-jeopardy rights and explains that you can't be tried twice for the same crime. Since you've already been convicted of robbing the ice-cream truck, once you're released you can go ahead and rob it for real without being punished. Is this true? |
|
Definition
| No. The second robbery would count as a new crime. |
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Term
| Why didn't Mary Warren tell Magistrate Hathorne that her accusers were putting on an act? |
|
Definition
| She was afraid they would name her as a witch. |
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Term
| You're looking for a car, and you go to see one that is listed in the classified ads. The owner promises you it's in great condition. It looks like a good car, and the owner seems trustworthy, so you buy it for $2,000. A couple of days later you take it to a garage for an appraisal, and they tell you that you are the proud owner of a cleverly disguised hunk of junk. You call the previous owner, but he just laughs and says, "All sales are final." What does the Seventh Amendment give you the right to do? |
|
Definition
| File suit in a local court and tell your story to the judge and jury. |
|
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Term
| What does it mean to "plead the Fifth"? |
|
Definition
| According to the Fifth Amendment, you cannot be forced to testify against yourself. Instead, you are allowed to remain silent if you "plead the Fifth." |
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Term
| During the Salem Witch Trials, people were convicted of witchcraft due solely to the accusations of several young girls. Why was it so easy for these girls to influence the courts? |
|
Definition
| They lived in a superstitious community, and people accused of committing crimes had no definite rights or protections. |
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|
Term
| How does the Bill of Rights protect you from being falsely convicted of a crime? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| One of the long-term consequences of Tinker v. Des Moines is to _________. |
|
Definition
| assert that students share the same right as adults to free symbolic speech that does not harm or threaten to harm |
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|
Term
| The Supreme Court ruled that wearing an armband as political protest is ________. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which of the following rights, guaranteed by the Bill of Rights, were violated in the excerpt from Fahrenheit 451? |
|
Definition
| freedom of speech and freedom of the press |
|
|
Term
| Franklin and Jefferson both loved science, inventing, and music. |
|
Definition
|
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Term
| Jefferson believed that education for the masses would serve the common good of the republic. |
|
Definition
|
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Term
| Washington's example has helped Americans appreciate how the balance and division of power helps protect their rights. |
|
Definition
|
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Term
| George Washington desired to be the king but was finally persuaded to refuse the offer. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The rule of law teaches us that even the president is subject to the United States Constitution. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The Constitution required that Washington serve only two terms as president. |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Franklin taught that little expenses don't matter. |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| The Puritans were members of a religious sect with a strict work ethic. |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Franklin believed that nothing brings more pain than too much pleasure. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When Washington wrote to Colonel Nicola, "Be assured, Sir, no occurrence in the course of the war has given me more painful sensations than your information of there being such ideas existing in the army as you have expressed, and I must view them with abhorrence," he was talking about ________. |
|
Definition
| the proposal that Washington should be king |
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|
Term
| How many terms did George Washington serve as president? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Benjamin Franklin was concerned that the "spirit of the common man" be established in this country ________. |
|
Definition
| so that enlightened and common people would desire to immigrate to our country |
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Term
| What changed the minds of the army officers who were planning to form a rebellion and march on the country's capital? |
|
Definition
| Washington put on his glasses during a speech, admitting he could not see well because of the strain of many battles. |
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Term
| Which statement best describes Franklin's attitude on wisdom and foolishness? |
|
Definition
| Educated fools are often worse than ignorant fools. |
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Term
| What effect did Washington have on America's view of the balance of power? |
|
Definition
| Americans understand that individual rights can be threatened when too much power is vested in one group or person. |
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Term
| Complete the Franklin quote: "None preaches better than the ant" |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Jefferson, in an amazing example of his love for education, amassed a collection of ________. |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Jefferson believed that education for the masses would serve the common good of the republic. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Jefferson believed that education for the masses would serve the common good of the republic. |
|
Definition
| take pleasures and then suffer pains |
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|
Term
| When Franklin penned these two sayings, "Who is strong? He that can conquer his _____________," and "Tis easier to prevent ______________ than to break them," about what was he writing? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| According to Franklin, "Idleness makes life more relaxing." |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Franklin and Jefferson both loved science, inventing, and music. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which of the following statements best describes Benjamin Franklin's attitudes on managing money? |
|
Definition
| overspending has negative consequences |
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Term
| Franklin writes, "Nothing brings more pain than too much pleasure; nothing more bondage than too much liberty." Which of the following statements describes Franklin's implied meaning? |
|
Definition
| All of these statements describe Franklin's implied meaning. |
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Term
| The Puritans believed that ________. |
|
Definition
| hard work and industry were effective ways to overcome humankind's evil tendencies |
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Term
| According to Washington's statements discussed in this unit, what is necessary for our constitutional republic to function and for the people to remain free? |
|
Definition
| public and private morality and virtue |
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Term
| Which of the following best describes Alexander Hamilton's contribution to the character of America? |
|
Definition
| his progressive economic policies |
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Term
| FDR's social reform program, the New Deal, included many specific things to help people suffering from the effects of the Great Depression. Which of the following might be other things FDR's program would favor? |
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Definition
| All of these are other things that would be favored. |
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Term
| Which of the following would not be one of Washington's ideas of how the president should function in governing the nation? |
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Definition
| What the president does and how he acts in his personal life is not important in leading the country. |
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Term
| The two-party system with which Thomas Jefferson became involved was one George Washington had strongly opposed. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Of the following titles, which best fit(s) the president's domestic policy responsibilities? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| Because the king of Great Britain was considered "the fountain of honor," he was given unlimited power to appoint and even create offices. What sorts of practices might that power encourage? |
|
Definition
| all of the above could result from such unlimited power |
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|
Term
| What events influenced President Kennedy's popularity with the American people? |
|
Definition
| All of these influenced Kennedy's popularity. |
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Term
| What can we learn about Lincoln and his vision for America from his statement "we here highly resolved that these dead shall not have died in vain — that this nation, under God, shall have a new birth of freedom — and that government of the people, by the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth"? |
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Definition
| President Lincoln wanted the citizens of the whole nation to remember the Founding Fathers' vision of a people who could govern themselves by the voice of the people. Those who fought in the Civil War, he reminded, fought to protect those ideals. |
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Term
| By what authority is the president commander in chief of the armed forces? |
|
Definition
| It is a provision of the Constitution and a duty the Founders determined would be under the control of one person. |
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Term
| With the exception of one president, no one has served for more than two full terms in office. Why was this originally the case? |
|
Definition
| George Washington stepped down from office after two terms and everyone else wanted to show respect for him. |
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Term
| What does Jefferson's writing of the Declaration of Independence show about the American people? |
|
Definition
| Americans are spirited and have definite ideas about what is right and wrong. |
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Term
| According to Federalist No. 69, in what way does a king receive his power, and how could it be taken away? |
|
Definition
| He receives his power by inheriting it through bloodlines. That power can only be taken away through rebellion. |
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Term
| How would the president be punished if he acted in a way that was not in accordance with the law? |
|
Definition
| He would be punished according to the ordinary course of law, and he could be impeached. |
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Term
| Which statement best describes the relationship between the executive and legislative branches? |
|
Definition
| Since World War II, most presidents have faced a Congress controlled by the opposing party, which has caused much political gridlock. |
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Term
| Which of the following is not something President Bush asked of the American people or said they had already done following the 11 September 2001 attacks? |
|
Definition
| He asked them to retaliate against terrorism in their own communities. |
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Term
| What does it mean for the king to have an absolute negative power while the president has a qualified negative power? |
|
Definition
| Both of these statements describe the difference between absolute negative power and qualified negative power. |
|
|
Term
| Which of the following is not a requirement to become president? |
|
Definition
| You must be at least twenty-five years old. |
|
|
Term
| What effect did Truman's decision to drop atomic bombs have on the American people? |
|
Definition
| All of these were effects of President Truman's decision to drop the bomb. |
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|
Term
|
Definition
Congress - b: legislature
Supreme Court - c: judiciary |
|
|
Term
| Constitutionally, the president is quite powerful. However, many obstacles limit presidents' efforts to use their constitutional authority. Which of the following is a significant limit on presidential power? |
|
Definition
| divided-party control of the national government |
|
|
Term
| Which of the following is an example of an auxiliary precaution? |
|
Definition
| the president's ability to veto a bill passed by the Congress |
|
|
Term
| Which of the following is true of bills in the legislative process? |
|
Definition
| They are harder to pass than kill. |
|
|
Term
| Which of the following accurately describes the way the House of Representatives and Senate are organized? |
|
Definition
| 100 members in the Senate, 435 in the House |
|
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Term
| Bills must be passed in identical format by both the Senate and the House before being sent to the president. Under what circumstances does this most frequently occur? |
|
Definition
| Two versions of the bill are run through the House and Senate simultaneously, and a special House-Senate "conference committee" is established to create a compromise version of the bill. |
|
|
Term
| When do bills come to the floor for debate in the Senate? |
|
Definition
| when the majority and minority leaders decide to bring them before the entire Senate |
|
|
Term
| When do bills come to the floor for debate in the Senate? |
|
Definition
| when the majority and minority leaders decide to bring them before the entire Senate |
|
|
Term
| In the case study that was mentioned previously on the last several pages, Shane was upset because |
|
Definition
| the after-school program budget was being eliminated |
|
|
Term
| Which of the following is the most accurate statement about the Supreme Court's work load? |
|
Definition
| Less than ten percent of cases appealed to the Supreme Court are formally reviewed by the Court. |
|
|
Term
| How did Shane and his class find out how their representatives had voted on funding for after-school programs? |
|
Definition
| They accessed the information on the Internet. |
|
|
Term
| A bill is passed by Congress and signed by the president, but many people believe it is unconstitutional. Before it can be implemented, several concerned citizens join together and bring a case before the Supreme Court challenging the validity of the law. What is the Court most likely to do in this instance? |
|
Definition
| Refuse to hear the case because there is no real case or controversy yet. |
|
|
Term
| Match each branch of government with its correct power. |
|
Definition
President - veto power
Supreme Court - power to determine constitutionality of laws
United States Congress - power of the purse |
|
|
Term
| What is divided-party government? |
|
Definition
| a frequent occurrence that makes it more difficult for the president to work with the Congress |
|
|
Term
| What must be true for someone to have standing before the Supreme Court? |
|
Definition
| The individual bringing the case must demonstrate "injury in fact." |
|
|
Term
| Where do most bills stop that are not passed? |
|
Definition
| in the standing committee charged with first consideration of the bill |
|
|
Term
| Federal officials are not all elected at the same time. Which of the following are the correct numbers to complete this sentence? Presidential elections are every ____ years, House elections are every ____ years, and Senate elections are every ____ years. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is significant about the Supreme Court case Marbury v. Madison? |
|
Definition
| It was the first case in which the Supreme Court declared an act of Congress unconstitutional. |
|
|
Term
| How can ordinary citizens affect the congressional process of passing or rejecting a bill? |
|
Definition
| Citizens can contact their congressional representatives in a variety of ways and express their thoughts and concerns about a bill. |
|
|
Term
| How long do Supreme Court justices serve? |
|
Definition
| for life, with good behavior |
|
|
Term
| Which of the following most accurately describes the organization and operation of the U.S. Senate? |
|
Definition
| There is no Rules Committee like there is in the House. |
|
|
Term
| About how many of the cases that come before it does the Supreme Court hear? |
|
Definition
| less than 10 percent of them |
|
|
Term
| In which of the following ways does Congress check the president in his role as commander in chief? |
|
Definition
| Congress reserves the right to declare war. |
|
|
Term
| What happens to a bill immediately after it is introduced in the legislative process? |
|
Definition
| It is assigned to a committee, amended in committee, debated on the floor, sent to conference committee, sent back to each house for a vote, then sent to the president. (in this exact order) |
|
|
Term
| How many U.S. senators are up for re-election every two years? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Federal judges can be impeached and removed from the bench for "bad behavior." How many times has this happened in United States constitutional history? |
|
Definition
| Fewer than twenty judges have been impeached, and fewer than ten have been removed from the bench. |
|
|
Term
| How easily can the voting records of congressional representatives be accessed by ordinary citizens? |
|
Definition
| Congressional voting records are considered public information and can be accessed on the Internet by anybody. |
|
|
Term
| Why do some argue that the Supreme Court "legislates from the bench" or, in other words, actually makes law? |
|
Definition
| The Supreme Court's rulings become part of Constitutional law. |
|
|
Term
| A law is passed limiting the free speech rights of high school students. A group of teachers brings a case before the Supreme Court challenging the law on the grounds that it violates the students' First Amendment rights. What is the Supreme Court most likely to do in this case? |
|
Definition
| refuse to hear the case because the individuals bringing the case before it do not have standing |
|
|
Term
| What must the Congress do to override a presidential veto? |
|
Definition
| The House and Senate must vote by a two-thirds majority in support of the vetoed legislation. |
|
|
Term
| Which of the following types of cases fall under the Supreme Court's jurisdiction? |
|
Definition
| questions and disputes arising under the Constitution |
|
|
Term
| Which of the following is the most correct answer to this question: What were the Framers seeking to accomplish through the establishment of three distinct branches of government? |
|
Definition
| to prevent the accumulation of power in one office or branch by setting "ambition against ambition" in the federal government |
|
|
Term
| The Framers of the Constitution intended to create a government in which ________. |
|
Definition
| it would be difficult to act and comparatively easy to block action |
|
|
Term
| How many representatives is each state allowed to have in the House? |
|
Definition
| It depends on the proportion of the state's population to the nation's population. |
|
|
Term
| If there were fifty-five states, how many United States senators would there be? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What year was the Declaration of Independence adopted by Congress? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Did England have any chance to make things right with the colonies before the Declaration of Independence was written? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What country did the declaration proclaim independence from? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When did women get the right to vote nationally? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What does discrimination mean? |
|
Definition
| When you treat a certain category or class unfairly. |
|
|
Term
| What does the title "Justice" mean? |
|
Definition
| The title "Justice" means that a person is a member of the Supreme Court. |
|
|
Term
| How does Frederick Douglass know so much about prejudice? |
|
Definition
| Frederick Douglass was black and lived in a time when there was a lot of prejudice against blacks. |
|
|
Term
| What was a "Jim Crow car"? |
|
Definition
| A "Jim Crow car" was a train car where blacks were expected to ride separate from whites. |
|
|
Term
| Who were the abolitionists mentioned in the reading passages? |
|
Definition
| Abolitionists are people who wanted to free the slaves. |
|
|
Term
| List the three main steps to achieving your personal American dream. |
|
Definition
| Write down your dream, set smaller goals and write them down, and start working on your smaller goals. |
|
|
Term
| During Adam Smith's college years, the teachers at Glasgow were superior to the teachers at Oxford because ________. |
|
Definition
| they were paid according to their skills |
|
|
Term
| Which of the following activities will best help you achieve your goals? |
|
Definition
| writing out long-term goals and working toward smaller, "stepping stone" goals to get there |
|
|
Term
| Use this information to answer the next five questions: based on our discussion in this unit, decide which attitudes and ideas are important to achieving the American dream. |
|
Definition
determination - yes
a support system - yes
courage - yes
sense of humor - yes
bitterness - no |
|
|
Term
| How are prejudice and ignorance related? |
|
Definition
| prejudices show how little a person knows about another person or group |
|
|
Term
| Referring to the passages by Frederick Douglass, why was Mr. Douglass unwilling to move to the Jim Crow car? |
|
Definition
| He wanted to help people understand that the rule was irrational. |
|
|
Term
| According to our discussion of Justice O'Connor's story, what attribute is not essential to achieving your dream? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which of the following steps did Edie Waddell take to achieve her goals? |
|
Definition
| She took all of these steps to achieve her goals. |
|
|
Term
| What would most likely happen if a business were to mark up its prices for a particular item? |
|
Definition
| The business would sell fewer items. |
|
|
Term
| Referring to the passages by Frederick Douglass, how did Col. Clifford help others overcome their prejudices? |
|
Definition
| He was happy to see Mr. Douglass and sat next to him. |
|
|
Term
| Referring to the story about Sandra Day O'Connor, what did Justice O'Connor do when she was faced with discrimination? |
|
Definition
| She decided to look for a job in public service. |
|
|
Term
| What do American independence, women's rights, and civil rights all have in common? |
|
Definition
| all three are concerned with respecting the rights and equality of people |
|
|
Term
| Why do businesses compete in a free market system? |
|
Definition
| to maximize their profits |
|
|
Term
| Why was the Declaration of Independence written? |
|
Definition
| The British government repeatedly ignored the colonists' rights. |
|
|
Term
| Your friend tells you he has read the Declaration of Independence and that equality is not an important part of its message. What do you do? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Referring to the passages by Frederick Douglass, how would you describe Frederick Douglass's attitude when writing his autobiography? |
|
Definition
| humored, but a little irritated |
|
|
Term
| How can you best help other people overcome their prejudices? |
|
Definition
| show them that you are not prejudiced |
|
|
Term
| Referring to the story about Sandra Day O'Connor, why did Sandra Day O'Connor have a difficult time finding a job out of law school? |
|
Definition
| No law firm in California wanted to hire her because of her gender. |
|
|
Term
| Which of the following would be true if economic specialization did not exist? |
|
Definition
| We would have to make our own clothes. |
|
|
Term
| What did the signers of the Declaration of Independence have to lose? |
|
Definition
| their land and money, their honor, and maybe even their lives |
|
|
Term
| How would you summarize what happened to the signers of the Declaration of Independence? |
|
Definition
| Many died from the hardships of the Revolutionary War. Some were tortured, many lost their fortunes, and some lost their families. |
|
|
Term
| According to Thomas Jefferson, what were two of the responsibilities of a "wise and frugal government"? |
|
Definition
| preserve the freedom of citizens to choose their occupation and to keep what they earn |
|
|
Term
| Which of these was not true at the time the Declaration of Independence was written? |
|
Definition
| King George was reading the "Olive Branch Petition." |
|
|
Term
| Which of the following phrases best describes the principle of laissez-faire? |
|
Definition
| less government is better government |
|
|
Term
| Referring to the story about Sandra Day O'Connor, to what did Sandra Day O'Connor attribute her motivation to never admit defeat? |
|
Definition
| her grandmother's confidence in her ability to succeed at any endeavor |
|
|
Term
| Which of the following had the most influence on the development of our present free enterprise system? |
|
Definition
| both the Declaration of Independence and the ideas in Adam Smith's The Wealth of Nations |
|
|
Term
| Referring to the passages by Frederick Douglass, according to Frederick Douglass's observations why did many well-meaning people, including abolitionists, still struggled with prejudice toward him? |
|
Definition
| They had been falsely taught their entire lives to fear black people. For them, overcoming those fears took some courage. |
|
|
Term
| How can you best overcome your prejudices? |
|
Definition
| learn more about the people you are prejudiced against |
|
|
Term
| Which of the following is not part of the definition of free enterprise? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the most likely interpretation of Adam Smith's idea of the "invisible hand"? |
|
Definition
| When each person is allowed to pursue his or her own interests in society, everyone is better off. |
|
|
Term
| ____ is a good definition for the press. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How does the press help the American people make good decisions? |
|
Definition
| It gives them information and an opportunity to debate important issues so they can make informed decisions for themselves. |
|
|
Term
| Freedom of expression and freedom of the press mean the same thing. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which of the following is a form of the press, according to this unit? |
|
Definition
| a Web site that reports worldwide current events |
|
|
Term
| What was the jury's verdict in the trial of John Peter Zenger? |
|
Definition
| Not guilty; Zenger's newspaper told the truth! |
|
|
Term
| Which of the following come(s) from Dana Bullen's list of six ways an independent press helps a society develop? |
|
Definition
| All of these are on the list of ways an independent press helps society. |
|
|
Term
| What was the intended purpose of conflict in American society? |
|
Definition
| Conflict can lead to better decisions, compromise, and positive change. |
|
|
Term
| Freedom of the press mostly has to do with ________. |
|
Definition
| journalism and the rights of journalists to gather and publish news |
|
|
Term
| Who said "were it left to me to decide whether we should have a government without newspapers, or newspapers without a government, I should not hesitate a moment to prefer the latter." |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which of the following best represents Marvin Kalb's thoughts toward the news media today? |
|
Definition
| People can still find quality news because technology provides a variety of choices. |
|
|
Term
| Who is ultimately responsible for regulating the press? |
|
Definition
| the press, though consumers can also influence |
|
|
Term
| Which of the following is the best example of expression, according to unit 7? |
|
Definition
| a bumper sticker that reads: "Use your turn signal, buddy!" |
|
|
Term
| Complete the following quote by James Madison: "A popular Government without popular ____________ or the means of acquiring it, is but a Prologue to a Farce or a Tragedy or perhaps both." |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How did early English rulers regulate the press? |
|
Definition
| Printers had to be licensed, and they could be charged with treason and tried before a court. |
|
|
Term
| What was Thomas Jefferson's attitude toward the American people? |
|
Definition
| He had great faith in their "good sense" and their ability to correct their own errors. |
|
|
Term
| Why is public debate important to American society? |
|
Definition
| Public debate is important to American society for all of these reasons. |
|
|
Term
| The first colonial newspaper was ________. |
|
Definition
| Publick Occurrences Both Foreign and Domestick |
|
|
Term
| What was libel, according to early English law? |
|
Definition
| a published statement or accusation that damaged another person's reputation |
|
|
Term
| Who drafted (wrote) the First Amendment? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What word means the exact opposite of biased? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which of the following best describes one of the reasons we need journalism today? |
|
Definition
| We need journalists to sift through the mountains of available information to find and interpret the news that is most important and relevant to us. |
|
|
Term
| Which of the following is the best definition of an independent press? |
|
Definition
| A press that isn't made up of government officials, doesn't rely on the government for funding, and doesn't have to report its activities to the government. |
|
|
Term
| How do most news organizations pay for their operations? |
|
Definition
| corporate sponsors and advertising |
|
|
Term
| Freedom of the press ensures a conflict-free society. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| someone hired by a news organization to listen to complaints from readers and viewers, then pass those complaints on to the appropriate reporters and editors |
|
|
Term
| What part of the Constitution guarantees freedom of the press? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What section of the Constitution of the United States declares that we will create a military presence (provide for the common defense)? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Article II, Section 2 of the Constitution mentions the army and the navy. Why does it not mention the air force? |
|
Definition
| There was no air force at the time the Constitution was written. |
|
|
Term
| What section of the Constitution states that the president shall be the commander in chief of the army and navy of the United States? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In what section does the Constitution identify treason and what the penalty is? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The DHS is divided into how many directorates? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The military keeps us safe from threats beyond our borders. To help keep us safe from threats within our borders, a new department has been created. What is it called? |
|
Definition
| Department of Homeland Security |
|
|
Term
| How many agencies now report to the DHS? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What were the main grounds for the creation of the Department of Homeland Security? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Police officers are subject to the law. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Who do law enforcement officers report to? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| At which level do highway patrol officers operate? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The framers of the Constitution understood how easy it can be for military leaders to seize power and take over the government of a nation. What did they do to prevent this? |
|
Definition
| They made the President, who is an elected official, the commander in chief of the military. |
|
|
Term
| At which level do highway patrol officers operate? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| At which level do sheriffs operate? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The Federal Computer Incident Response Center helps protect Americans against hackers and computer information terrorists. This department is under what directorate in the Department of Homeland Security? |
|
Definition
| Information Analysis and Infrastructure Protection |
|
|
Term
| Police officers are subject to the law. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The framers of the Constitution understood that threats to national security could come from within the nation if someone chose to be a traitor to America's cause. The first traitor to this nation was Benedict Arnold. A traitor commits acts of treason by giving aid and comfort to the enemy. What happens to those convicted of committing treason? |
|
Definition
| Congress decides. Often the penalty is death. |
|
|
Term
| What is the main reason the United States has a strong military? |
|
Definition
| to preserve America's freedoms and keep America safe from outside threats |
|
|
Term
| Many people come to the United States each year, seeking the freedom that is found in the United States. Their immigration applications are processed by the Immigration Department. This department is under what directorate in the Department of Homeland Security? |
|
Definition
| Border and Transportation |
|
|
Term
| How can you as an American citizen help the Department of Homeland Security? |
|
Definition
| by reporting any suspicious activity |
|
|
Term
| The Animal Disease Center is under what directorate in the Department of Homeland Security? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Every four years, the United States swears in a new president. What unique and essential aspect of America's character does this act illustrate? |
|
Definition
| Power changes hands peacefully without any military action or bloodshed. |
|
|
Term
| The Strategic National Stockpile (of Medicines) helps keep citizens protected from major diseases. What directorate in the Department of Homeland Security is this department under? |
|
Definition
| Emergency Preparedness and Response |
|
|
Term
| Many police officers have shown great heroism in emergency situations. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Who do law enforcement officers report to? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What does immigration mean? |
|
Definition
| to come into a country of which one is not a native for permanent residence |
|
|
Term
| What are some of the reasons people immigrated to America? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Who are the people believed to be the first settlers on the American continent? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What major event(s) helped spur the mass immigration of the mid-nineteenth century? |
|
Definition
| a potato famine in Ireland |
|
|
Term
| What ancient civilization(s) had governments the Founders studied when they wrote the Constitution? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How are immigration and the civil rights movement related? |
|
Definition
| At the height of the civil rights movement, a law was repealed that discriminated against immigrants because of their race. |
|
|
Term
| Where does the largest immigrant group today originate from? |
|
Definition
| the Americas (North, Central, and South) |
|
|
Term
| Who was Martin Luther King? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Approximately how many visas are made available by the Visa lottery each year? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What can a citizen petitioning the USCIS on behalf of a noncitizen family member be compared to? |
|
Definition
| an employee delivering a friend's resume to the boss |
|
|
Term
| What is the purpose of the Diversity Visa Lottery Program? |
|
Definition
| to increase the diversity of the immigrant population entering the United States |
|
|
Term
| What are some ways to qualify for legal permanent residency in the United States? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the difference between an immigrant visa and a nonimmigrant visa? |
|
Definition
| Immigrant visas are issued to people planning to live and work in the United States permanently, and nonimmigrant visas are given to visitors. |
|
|
Term
| People immigrated to the United States ________. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is a permanent resident? |
|
Definition
| a person who has permission to live and work in the United States permanently |
|
|
Term
| Most Asians who immigrated to America intended to ________. |
|
Definition
| earn large sums of money and then return to their homelands to either start or support a family |
|
|
Term
| In what major way did immigration affect America around the time of the American Revolution? |
|
Definition
| Immigrants to America brought European ideas and philosophies that became the foundation of America's government. |
|
|
Term
| Which of the following groups of people do not qualify for immigration through employment? |
|
Definition
| immigrants who have no potential job, but are willing to work |
|
|
Term
| How did the civil rights movement impact immigration? |
|
Definition
| At the height of the civil rights movement, a law was repealed that discriminated against immigrants because of their race. |
|
|
Term
| When a person applies for permanent residency through a close relative, he or she is placed in one of four preference categories. Which category has the first preference? |
|
Definition
| unmarried sons and daughters of U.S. citizens |
|
|
Term
| Which of the following options is the best definition of immigration? |
|
Definition
| to enter a new country for the purpose of living there permanently |
|
|
Term
| Which of the following ways to apply for permanent residency is usually the quickest and most reliable? |
|
Definition
| immigration through an immediate relative |
|
|
Term
| Most of today's immigrants originate from ________. |
|
Definition
| the Americas (North, Central, and South) |
|
|
Term
| What is the purpose of the visa lottery? |
|
Definition
| to increase the diversity of the immigrant population entering the United States |
|
|
Term
| An immigrant must do each of the following things to qualify for American citizenship except ________. |
|
Definition
| promise to never leave the United States |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a person who flees from another country to escape persecution |
|
|
Term
| Why was it difficult for Chinese immigrants to enter the United States? |
|
Definition
| Congress passed the Chinese Exclusion Act, which prohibited the immigration of Chinese laborers. |
|
|
Term
| What were some of the conditions early immigrants had to endure during their journey to America? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Asian women who immigrated to America to meet a husband they had only seen previously in pictures |
|
|
Term
| According to John LaCrosse, why were George Washington and Abraham Lincoln considered great? |
|
Definition
| They rose to the challenges of their day. |
|
|
Term
| The most important thing we can do as Americans is understand our rights. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How do the rights mentioned in the Constitution and the Declaration of Independence compare with the rights valued by U.S. citizens today? |
|
Definition
| There are a lot of similarities between the rights listed in those documents and citizens' rights today. |
|
|
Term
| Who wrote the Virginia Plan, which was used as the basis for the U.S. Constitution? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Who wrote the Virginia Plan, which was used as the basis for the U.S. Constitution? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In John LaCrosse's article, "What It Means To Be an American," which of the following is not included as part of the author's definition of being an American? |
|
Definition
| realizing that you're better than the people of other nations |
|
|
Term
| The Declaration of Independence was a list of suggestions given to the U.S. president so he would know how to improve America. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In the American political system, what opportunities do ordinary people have to participate in the political process? |
|
Definition
| Ordinary Americans have a wide variety of tools and opportunities available to them to participate. |
|
|
Term
| The Guide to Naturalization states that to become a citizen, one must commit to doing several things above and beyond those things listed in the Oath of Allegiance. Which of the following is not included in this list of commitments? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In the American political process, how important is public opinion? |
|
Definition
| Public opinion is the most important influence on public policy decisions. |
|
|
Term
| The Pledge of Allegiance is only a commitment to the American Flag. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| According to the lesson, how effective are community service projects in bringing communities together? |
|
Definition
| They are more effective than elections or laws at bringing communities together. |
|
|
Term
| Why does Susan B. Anthony state in her speech that it is a mockery to talk to women about the blessings of liberty they enjoy? |
|
Definition
| Women in her day were denied the only means of securing for themselves the blessings of liberty--the right to vote. |
|
|
Term
| To whom did President Johnson deliver his speech? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which of the following statements about literacy tests is correct? |
|
Definition
| Literacy tests are unconstitutional because they unfairly deny individuals the privilege of voting even when they are eligible to do so. |
|
|
Term
| To whom did the Twenty-sixth Amendment extend the right to vote? |
|
Definition
| individuals eighteen years of age or older |
|
|
Term
| The Motor Voter Act of 1993 made it possible for what to occur? |
|
Definition
| It made it possible for eligible voters to register when they register their cars or visit a government agency for other purposes. |
|
|
Term
| What does the term suffrage mean? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The author of "Mapping the American Spirit" disagrees with the statement that "the soul of America can be found in a Happy Meal." |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In the story "Colors," who was observing the marine? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What do the four people quoted in the article, "Mapping the American Spirit" have in common? |
|
Definition
| They are all American citizens. |
|
|
Term
| In Ron Bernthal's article, "Mapping the American Spirit," what are some of the characteristics of the American people that the author observed? |
|
Definition
| People are proud of their country and the rights and responsibilities it offers them. |
|
|
Term
| Why is it so important that the values of American citizens today are the same as the values of Americans more than two hundred years ago? |
|
Definition
| all of these options are correct |
|
|
Term
| In the story "Colors," the observer was annoyed and impatient with the arrogance of the marine. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which of the following is an example of good citizenship? |
|
Definition
| You are not yet old enough to vote, but you decide to get involved in community service after hearing the president talk about how we should look out for each other. |
|
|
Term
| Why does citizenship play such a major role in shaping the character of America? |
|
Definition
| The responsibilities we have as citizens require us to decide what this nation will be. |
|
|
Term
| Voter registration is ________. |
|
Definition
| required in almost every state |
|
|
Term
| In the citizenship unit, which of the following is emphasized as one of the most important tools available to help individuals become effective participants in the political process? |
|
Definition
| accurate and timely information |
|
|
Term
| Which of the following scenarios is not a good example of citizenship? |
|
Definition
| You learn that a family in your neighborhood is in need of help. Before offering your services, though, you find out they are Muslim and decide not to help to show your disapproval of the 11 September 2001 attacks. |
|
|
Term
| "The right of the people to alter or to abolish [a destructive form of government]" would be most likely be identified by today's citizens as the right to ________. |
|
Definition
| government that is by the people and for the people |
|
|
Term
| Alexis de Tocqueville argued that democracy in America has succeeded because of what aspect about Americans? |
|
Definition
| They are independent, but not to excess—they regularly attend to the public interest at the expense of their own interests. |
|
|
Term
| Among the following choices, what is the most likely reason that most eligible voters do not turn out on election day? |
|
Definition
| Voters are generally satisfied with the way things are going, so they don't feel the need to get involved. |
|
|
Term
| To which group did the Twenty-sixth Amendment extend the right to vote? |
|
Definition
| individuals eighteen years of age or older |
|
|
Term
| The author of "Mapping the American Spirit" states that in 2002 the nation's larger issues were uniting the people more than the smaller issues were dividing them. According to the unit, why would this be the case? |
|
Definition
| After the terrorist attacks in 2001, people were reminded of the ideals that Americans have always cherished, and as a result, many of the less important issues were forgotten. |
|
|
Term
| According to unit 10, how can citizens directly contribute to a fair and just criminal judicial system? |
|
Definition
|
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Term
| Why does the narrator of the article "Colors" view the actions of the marine as a more effective demonstration of the might, power, and glory of the United States than any military demonstration could ever do? |
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Definition
| The narrator caught a glimpse of the character of America in the actions of one individual and recognized that it is the individual citizens more than anything else that makes a country great. |
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Term
| The marine in the article "Colors" showed that he was proud to be an American. Which of the following is not one of the ways he showed his pride in his country? |
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Definition
| He was rude to the foreign diplomat because the diplomat was not American. |
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Term
| According to John LaCrosse in his article "What It Means to Be an American," why will future generations look kindly on us? |
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Definition
| Our generation has some big challenges to deal with today, and we will rise to meet those challenges. |
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Term
| To which group did the Twenty-third Amendment extend the right to vote? |
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Definition
| residents of the District of Columbia |
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Term
| The right of "Pursuit of Happiness" would be most likely be identified by today's citizens as the right to ________. |
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Definition
| ability to decide what I want to be |
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Term
| Why would President Johnson be so concerned about having citizens and leaders across the nation join him in the cause of achieving equal rights for all citizens? |
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Definition
| No matter what laws are passed, it is up to the individuals to ensure that equality really comes to pass. |
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Term
| The right to "Domestic Tranquility" would be most likely be identified by today's citizens as the right to ________. |
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Definition
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Term
| Why would Susan B. Anthony and Lyndon B. Johnson both refer to the Constitution to make their points when their concerns were about current issues? |
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Definition
| They knew the Constitution is still important even today because the rights it extends to citizens are valid in any age. |
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Term
| What was President Johnson's aim with his speech to Congress? |
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Definition
| to convince Congress to pass the Voting Rights bill and remove all barriers to voting for black people |
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Term
| To which group did the Nineteenth Amendment extend the right to vote? |
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Definition
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Term
| Susan B. Anthony was influential in bringing about what important change in voting rights? |
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Definition
| The right to vote was extended to women. |
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Term
| Which of the following is an appropriate way to become a more involved citizen? |
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Definition
| All of these are good ways to become more involved. |
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Term
| To which group did the Fifteenth Amendment extend the right to vote? |
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Definition
| men of all colors or races, regardless of former status as a slave |
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