Term
| What does TOPRA stand for? |
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Definition
| type of processing resource allocation (Barcroft, 2009) |
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Term
| What does Barcroft's model (TOPRA) state? |
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Definition
| TOPRA is an expansion of the levels of processing hypothesis (the depth with which words are processed determines how well they are retrieved). Essentially, learners learn what they focus on. |
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Term
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Definition
| Thoughtful processing of the semantic aspect of a word does not mean that the learners will also be focusing on (and learning) form as well. |
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Term
| What types of vocabulary learning activities are the best? |
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Definition
Need
-Task is teacher imposed = 1 (moderate)
-Task is self-imposed = 2 (strong)
Search
-Cognitive
-Can be absent (0), moderate (1) or strong (2)
-Involves finding L2 word meaning or needed L2 form
E.g. through dictionary look up
Evaluation
-Cognitive
-Can be absent, moderate or strong
-Involves:
1. Comparing to other words
2. Selecting appropriate sense of a word
3. Assessing whether a word fits in a context
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Term
| What is the Invovement Load Hypothesis? |
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Definition
| The more deeply and thoughtfully something is processed, the more likely it is to be retained |
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Term
| Nation and Web (2011) proposed their own checklist for involvement load : |
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Definition
Technique Feature Analysis
Has 18 categories instead of 3 (e.g. awareness, negotiation, repetition, etc.)
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Term
| What conditions help vocabulary learning? |
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Definition
1. Motivation
2. Noticing -
decontextualisation: removed from its message context to be focused on as a language item
3. Retrieval
4. Creative Use
5. Retention -
instantiation: involves recalling or experiencing a particular instance or example of the meaning of a word (Anderson et al., 1978) |
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Term
What is the What is it? technique?
(Nation, 1978) |
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Definition
The teacher gradually communicates the meaning of the word by using it in context. If the learners think they know the meaning, they raise their hands.
Example: Some materials are very kofe. Other materials are not kofe.”
*Good for becoming familiar with the spoken form of the word and linking it to its meaning |
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Term
| How should teachers "do" direct vocabulary teaching? |
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Definition
1. Quick explanation or rich instruction
2. Using actions, objects, pictures, or diagrams
3. Translation
4. Definitions in the L2
formal definitions, semi-formal definitions, and substitutions
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