Term
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Definition
| Appeals to a force; an argument where force or threat of force is given as justification |
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Term
| Argumentum ad populum/bandwagon |
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Definition
| Concludes an argument to be true because many people believe it |
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Term
| Arugmentum ad vercundiam/testimonials |
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Definition
| When someone cites anothers opinion as justification, even if they are not an expert |
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Term
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Definition
| Argument based on an irrelevant fact about the person presenting the claim |
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Term
| Argumentum ad misericordiam |
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Definition
| Appeals to human pity; argument has no logical basis |
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Term
| Begging the question/circular argument |
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Definition
| When the proposition to be proved is assumed in one of the premises |
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Term
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Definition
| When data collected to prove argument is unrepresentative of the population and is then used to draw conclusions |
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Term
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Definition
| Selecting only facts that support the argument to be proved |
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Term
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Definition
| Statement contradicts its own terms |
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Term
| Authority based reasoning |
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Definition
| Basing argument on a statement from a person in authority (see ad vercundiam) |
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Term
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Definition
| Assuming that because 2 things happened, the first event caused the second one |
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Term
| False comparison/false analogy |
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Definition
| When 2 things are shown to be similar, and one has a certain property, then both have to have the property |
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Term
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Definition
| When only 2 options are considered but in reality, there are other options |
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Term
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Definition
| When a person draws a conclusion too quickly, from too-small a sample |
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Term
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Definition
| Presenting a valid argument, but it doesn't have anything to do with the argument at hand |
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Term
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Definition
| An argument where its conclusion doesn't follow from its premises |
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Term
| Post hoc/false assumption |
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Definition
| see false cause. If A happens then B happens, A caused B. |
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Term
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Definition
| Using words with connotations to convey point or tone |
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