Term
| extrasylvian motor aphasia |
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Definition
non fluent language, good comprehension and good repetition. prosody, articulation, long latencies in lang. poor expressive lang. and occasional verbal paraphasias. semi-mutism, echolalia, perseveration. open questions are slow and incomplete patient tends to repeat the words included in the question.
impaired ability to make use of the language. (pragmatics) |
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Term
| main symptom of transcortical (aka extrasylvian motor aphasia) |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| may be present in this type of aphasia (and other frontal lobe damage) |
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Term
| Extrasylvian motor aphasia II, aka supplementary motor area aphasia |
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Definition
| conversational lang: sparse, effortful. comprehension: normal. repetion: good to normal. pointing: normal. naming: mildly abnormal. reading aloud defective. comprehension: good to normal. writing: slow with paragraphias. |
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Term
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Definition
| mesial aspect of the cerebral hemispheres |
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Term
| damage to supplementary motor area |
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Definition
| results in language difficulties/abnormalities |
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Term
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Definition
| boston group - discovered this kind of aphasia.. aphasia of the supplementary motor area. |
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Term
| supplementary motor area aphasia: key |
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Definition
| inability to START speaking.. often have tears :'( |
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Term
| supp. motor area aphasia - associated neurological signs |
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Definition
| hemiparesis right leg and right leg sensory loss. mild defects in articulation. normal praxis, vision. |
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Term
| extrasylvian sensory aphasia: |
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Definition
| good repetition, fluent conversational language, significant amount of verbal paraphasias and neologisms, empty speech, patient repeats words and sentences presented by the examiner, regardless if they are correct and even if they're in a foreign language (like wernicke's but intact repetition) |
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Term
| basic lang. characteristics of extrasylvian sensory: |
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Definition
| fluent, paraphasic echolalic conversational speech. lang. comprehension is severely impaired. |
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Term
| associated neurological signs |
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Definition
| visual field and gnosis may be defective. praxis may be defective. cortical sensory function may be impaired. artic and motor = fine. |
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Term
| extrasylvian sensory aphasia I (left temporal-occipital syndrome) |
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Definition
| fluent spontaneous language, poor comprehension, good repetition. verbal paraphasias and neologisms. defective naming but phonological cueing helps. |
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Term
| extrasylvian sensory aphasia II (angular and parietal-occipital syndrome) |
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Definition
| some verbal amnesia. fluent language, few paraphasias. comprehension relatively good. good repetition. significant word-finding difficulties. gerstmann's syndrome. used to be called SEMANTIC APHASIA. |
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Term
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Definition
due to angr
1) agraphia
2) acalculia
3) finger agnosia
4) left-right disorientation |
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Term
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Definition
(Head - 1926). Inability to simultaneously recognize the elements included in a sentence.
(Luria - 1973). language deficiencies were observed in 1) sentences with a complex system of successive subordinate clauses; 2) reversible constructions, particularly of the temporal and spatial type; 3) constructions with double negative. 4)comparative sentences. 5) passive constructions. 6) constructions with transitive verbs; and 7) constructions with attributive relations. |
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Term
| mixed extrasylvian aphasia (aka isolation syndrome) |
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Definition
| (mentioned for academic purposes) spontaneous lang. is absent; production is virtually limited to repitition; echolalia; articulation is good; automatic lang. is good; language understanding is severely defective. |
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Term
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Definition
| global aphasia but they can repeat |
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Term
| non cortical dysarthria-aphasia |
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Definition
| with the extended use of CD and MRI imaging a great interest appeared in the study of language (and other cognitive disturbances) resulting from subcortical pathology (sub cortical aphasia and dementia) |
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Term
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Definition
| was already mentioned in wernicke's classification... |
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Term
| the term subcortical dementia was coined by |
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Definition
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Term
| Marie's quadrilateral space |
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Definition
| (marie - referred to an area in the brain that would result in dysarthria) - aka basal ganglia ganglia damage results in dysarthria; in broca's, damage usually extends into basal ganglia; DYSARTHRIA and HYPOPHONIC SPEECH (phonation is difficult or absent but may recover) used to be called Aphemia (broca used to call broca's aphasia, Aphemia) |
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Term
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Definition
| in addition to evident speech impairment, true lang. disorders can be observed in patients with striato-capsular damage; however, extension that involves the cortex is usually present. Extensive damage is required to produce a subcortical aphasia... is the lang dis order is bc of the extension to the cortex?? there is some deactivation of the cortex bc it's not receiving normal imput from the damaged subcortical areas |
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Term
| thalamic aphasia (usually in the LEFT PULVINAR nucleus) |
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Definition
| pulvinar (quasi-aphasia). mutism initially; paraphasic hypophonic gargon; anomia; preserved repetition; defective comprehension. pulvinar is connected with a parieto-temporal-occipital area) semi transcortical sensory aphasia. |
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Term
| white matter disease (axons are impaired) |
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Definition
| very rare; nasal voice; weak phonation; variability of pitch; slow rate output |
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Term
| the insula (in the center of the lang. area) |
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Definition
| subcortical damage; deep damage |
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Term
| cerebellar language disorders |
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Definition
| cerebellum contribuves to cognitive processing, particularly the processing of linguistic information. cerebellum has anatomical connections to the cerebral cortex, through which it can affect language function. impaired grammar and decreased verbal fluency (mild broca's aphasia). Slowing in cognitive processing (esp. linguistic processing). cerebellar activation is contralateral to the activation of the frontal cortex. cerebellum = ipsilateral. |
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Term
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Definition
| basal ganglia, frontal lobe, cerebellum (interconnected through the thalamus) |
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