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Any individual living thing
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| Group of organisms so similar to eachother that they can breed and produce fertile offspring |
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| Dramatic increase in population over a short period of time |
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| Collection of prganisms and nonliving things, such as climate, soil, water, and rocks in an area |
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| organism that obtains its energy from abiotic sources, such as sunlight or inorganic chemicals |
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| Organism that obtains its energy and nutrients by consuming other ogranisms |
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| Organism that eats dead organic matter |
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| inherited trait that is selected for over time because it allows oragnisms to better survive in their enviorment. |
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| Change in the DNA sequence |
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| Living things, such as plants , animals, fungi, and bacteria |
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| Nonliving factor in an ecosystem, such as moisture, tempature, wind, sunlight, soil, and minerals |
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| Spacific region of DNA that codes for a paticular protein |
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| Characteristic that is inherited |
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| Long continuous thread of DNA that consits of numerouse genes and regulatory information |
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| Collection of alleles found in all of the individuals of a population |
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| mechanism by witch individuals that have inherited beneficial adaptions produce more offspring on average then do other individuals |
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| Variety of life within an area |
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| Emimination of a species from earth |
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| All of the individuals of a species that live in the same area |
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| Collection of all the different populations that live in one area |
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| • Inorganic compounds can form salts. Organic compounds can't. (not always true) • Organic compounds contain carbon. Inorganic compounds don't. “” • Inorganic compounds contain metal atoms. Organic compounds don't |
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| 1st Law of Thermodynamics |
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Energy and matter are interchangable but cannot be created or destroyed. The total amount of energy in the whole universe remains constant, only changing from one form to another
Energy and matter are interchangable but cannot be created or destroyed. The total amount of energy in the whole universe remains constant, only changing from one form to another
Energy and matter are interchangable but cannot be created or destroyed. The total amount of energy in the whole universe remains constant, only changing from one form to another |
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| 2nd Law of Thermodynamics |
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| This law states that any system always tends to move toward its probable state of energy. For example, a spring watch will run until the potential energy in the spring is used up. If no new energy is input into it (in the form of winding the spring up) then it has returned to its most probable state, which is really not to run. The most misunderstood law. |
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| Detritivore that breaks down organic matter into simpler compounds, returning nutrients into an ecosystem |
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The reason alpha decay occurs is because the nucleus has too many protons which cause excessive repulsion. there exists a nonzero probability of transmission. That is, an alpha particle (Helium nucleus) will tunnel out of the nucleus |
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| occurs when the neutron to proton ratio is too great in the nucleus and causes instability. In basic beta decay, a neutron is turned into a proton and an electron. The electron is then emitted. |
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| occurs because the nucleus is at too high an energy. The nucleus falls down to a lower energy state and, in the process, emits a high energy photon known as a gamma particle |
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| the period of time it takes for a substance undergoing decay to decrease by half |
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| Law of conservation of matter |
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| matter cannot be created or destroyed in an isolated system |
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| Law of conservation of energy |
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| that the total energy of an isolated system is constant despite internal changes |
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The ultimate source of thermal energy available to mankind is the sun
heat is thermal energy in transfer
Thermal energy comes from the movement of atoms and molecules in matter. it is a from of kinetic energy produced from the random movements of thoes molecules. thermal energy of a system can be increased and decreased |
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Energy prossessed by an object due to itss motion or movement
Kinetic energy of an object is relative to other moveing and stationary objects in its immediate enviorment
it can be transferred from one moving object to another(example:collisions) |
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The stored energy in an object or system because of its position or configuration
It is not relative to the enviorment of an object
it cannot be transferred |
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| Measure if unavailable energy: a measure if the energy in a system or process that is inavailable to do work. |
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| The transfer of heat the resilts from the movement of air from one location to another, usually as a result of a stream of air produced by thermal convection caused by differences in temperature |
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| Photosynthesis(reactants and products) |
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Using sunlight as a source of energy
In a chemical reaction, reactants are chemical compounds that are consumed of trasformed to make the products
REACTANTS: carbon dioxide and water
PRODUCTS: glucose anf oxeygen |
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| Cellular Respiration(Reactants and products) |
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Photosynthesis and cellular respiration are complementary reactions.
Cellular respiration is the process by witch most cells make energy
REACTANTS:Oxegyn and glucose
PRODUCTS: carbon dioxide and water |
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| (of an organisms or tissue) Requiring the presence of air or free oxegyn for life. |
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| (of an organism or tissue) Living in the absence of air or free oxeygen. |
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| A Theory of global tectonics in witch the lithosphere is divided into a number of crustal plates, each of witch moves on the plastic asthenophere more or less independemtly to collide with, slide under, or move past adjacent plates |
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Is the breaking down of rocks, soil and minerals, biota and waters. It happends with no movement
Chemical involves the direct effect of atmospheric chemicals or biologically produced chemicals in the break down |
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Is the break down of Rocks,soil and minerals,biota and waters
It happens with no movement
Mechanical involves the breakdown or rocks and soil through direct contact with atmospheric conditions, such as heat, water , ice and pressure |
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| A mineral is made up of one substance that under normal circumstances would form crystals. minerals are the building blocks of rock. the crystals may be too tiny to see, and if a mineral cooled to quickly glass might form instead of crystals "massive" forms of minerals are really just a bunch of tiny crystals all stuck together |
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| Rocks are made up of minerals. Most rocks have several types of minerals in them, but some have only one type of mineral. for example sandstone is mostly quartz |
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| The difference between weather and climate is measure of time. weather is what conditions of the atmosphere are over a short period of time, and climate is how the atmosphere behaves over relatively long periods of time |
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