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| Kingdom that controlled interior regions of Java in 17th century; Dutch East India Company paid tribute to the kingdom for rights of trade at Batavia; weakness of kingdom after 1670s allowed dutch to exert control over all of Java. P. 570 |
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| Government of the British East India Company; developed as a result of the rivalry between France and Britain in India. P 571 |
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| Troops that served the British East India Company; recruited from various warlike peoples of India. P 571 |
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| Battle in 1757 between troops of the British East India Company and an Indian army under Siraj-ud-daula, ruler of Bengal; British victory resulted in contrl of northern India. P. 571 |
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| Architect of British victory at Plassey; established foundations of British Raj in northern India (18th century) p. 572 |
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| Domains of Indian princes allied with the British Raj; agents of Dutch east India Company were stationed at the rulers' courts to ensure compliance; made up over one-third of British Indian Empire. P 573 |
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| Name given to British representatives of the East India Company who went briefly to India to make fortunes through graft and exploitaion p 575 |
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| Lord, Reformer of the East India Company administration of India in the 1790s; reduced power of local British administrators; checked widespread corruption. P 575 |
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| Location of battle fouight in 1879 between the British and Zulu armies in south Africa; resulted in defeat of British; one of few fictories of African forces over Western Europeans. P 582 |
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| British colony in South Africa; developed after Boer trek north from Cape Colony; major commercial outpost at Durban. P. 590 |
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| Fought between 1899 and 1902 over the continued independence of Boer republics; resulted in British victory, but began the process of decolonization in South Africa. P 590 |
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| Transvaal and Orange Free State in southern Africa; established to assert independence of Boers from British colonial government in Cape Colony in 1850s; discovery of diamonds and precious metals caused British migration into the Boer areas in 1860s. p 590 |
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| Transvaal and Orange Free State in southern Africa; established to assert independence of Boers from British colonial government in Cape Colony in 1850s; discovery of diamonds and precious metals caused British migration into the Boer areas in 1860s. p 590 |
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| British entrepreneur in South Africa around 1900; manipulated political situation in South Africa to gain entry to resources of Boer republics; encouraged Boer War as means of destroying Boer independence. P 590 |
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| Fought series of wars backed by British weapons and advisors resulting in unified Hawaiian kingdom by 1810; as king he promoted economic change encouraging Western merchants to establish export trade in Hawaiian goods. P 591 |
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| Captain, made voyages to Hawaii from 1777 to 1779 resulting in opening of islands to the West; convinced Kamehameha to establish unified kingdom in the islands. P 591 |
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| Hawaiian edict issued in 1848; imposed Western concept of property on Hawaiian land previously shared by Hawaiians; much of private property sold off to Western commercial interests by Hawaiian monarchy. P 592 |
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| Vassal of toyotomi Hideyoshi; succeeded him as most powerful military figure in Japan; granted title of shogunby emperor in 1603 and established Tokugawa shogunate; established political unity in Japan. 3rd of 3 remarkable military leaders needed to restore unity and internal peace in Japanese society (1st = Nobunaga). Instead of continuing Hideyoshi's campaigns of overseas expansion, Ieyasu focused on consolidating power at home. Daimyos all required to pledge allegiance to him. P. 525 |
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| Along with Adam Schall, Jesuit scholar in court of Ming emperors, skilled scientist; corrected calendars; forged cannons; fixed clocks; won few converts to Christianity among the elite. Jesuit missionaries realized that their scientific knowledge and technical skills were the keys to maintaining a presence at the Ming court. When Ming were overthrown by the Manchu nomads from the north, Jesuits were able to hold and even strengthen their position at court. P. 523 |
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| School of National Learning |
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| New idealogy that laid emphasis on Japan's unique historical experience and the revival of indigenous culture at the expense of Chinese imports such as Confucianism; typical of Japan in 18th century. In the following centuries, through contacts with the Dutch at island of Deishma, Japanese elite followed Western developments which helped Japan know what it was up against. P 527 |
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| The Water Margin:, this, Monkey, and The Golden Lotus |
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| , were novels written during the Ming period in China; recognized as classics in their own time; established standards for Chinese prose literature. (growing availability of books coming from spread of woodblock printing. P. 519 |
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| Portuguese factory of fortified trade town located on the tip of the Malayan peninsula; traditionally a center for trade among the SE Asian islands. Portuguese found that sea patrols and raids on coastal towns were not sufficient enough to have complete control over trade, so they captured towns and built fortresses at strategic points on Asian trading network. Also captured Goa and Ormuz, Malacca is most critical of all. P. 507 |
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| Portuguese factory/fortified trade town on W. India coast, 16 century, sites for forcible entry into Asian trading network. P. 507 |
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| Dutch fortress on island at Java, came after competing with Portuguese and capturing Malacca from them. Dutch capture of Batavia reflects their decision to concentrate on monopoly of certain spices instead of more generally. P. 509 |
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| Southern island of Philippines; a Muslim kingdom (determined to resist Christian dominance) that was able to successfully resist Spanish conquest. Spanish took advantage that pope gave them Philippine Islands to explore, conquested Luzon and northern islands because they lived in small states that were subjugated one by one. P. 511 |
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| Italian Jesuit missionary; worked in India during early 1600s; introduced strategy to convert elites first; strategy later widely adopted by Jesuits in various parts of Asia; mission eventually failed. Widespread conversion in south Asia was limited to outcaste groups in coastal area; Franciscan and Dominican missionaries ministered to low-caste and untouchables, upper classes were snobby and refused..also would only listen to others w/same beliefs. Di Nobili became a veggie boy and learned Sanskrit and adapted to their culture, his rivals screwed him over and got the pope to send him back to Rome. P 512 |
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| the only two places where Europeans were officially allowed to do business in Ming China (they had a renewal of commercial growth and lots of economy stuff happening) p. 519 |
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| Series of seven overseas trade expeditions under third Ming emperor, Yunglo; led by court eunuch Zhenghe between 1405 and 1433; only Chinese attempt to create worldwide trade empire. Mix of motives, including desire to explore and proclaim glory of Ming empire prompted the voyages, proves that Chinese had capacity of global expansion a century \before Europeans. Brought home interesting animals, etc. Stopped when Mongols were relentless again beyond Great Wall, considered explorations frivolous. Only one voyage after Yunglo's death. P. 520 |
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| General under Nobunaga; succeeded as leading military power in central Japan; continued efforts to break power of daimyos; constructed a series of alliances that made him military master of Japan in 1590; died in 1598.Was extremely ambitious; launched 2 attacks on Korea, died in progress of second one. P 525 |
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| Manchu leader, Nurhaci, establishes new dynasty called the Qing which rules China for 350 years and is the last of a succession of imperial houses. P 523 (make sure to look over it a little more, know Chongzhen and Jurchens etc.) |
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| First Ming emperor in 1368; originally of peasant lineage; original name Zhu Yuanzhang; drove out Mongol influence; restored position of scholar-gentry. Had suffered as a child under Mongol yoke; was in monastery but joined a rebel band, made him a prominent rebel warlord attempting to overthrow Yuan dynasty, then declared himself Hongwu emperor, reined for 30 years. Launched an attempt to rid China of all traces of "barbarian" Mongols (dropped Mongol dress, names, places raided and sacked, drove nomads themselves beyond Great Wall, etc.) p. 514 |
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| Portuguese factory of fortified trade town located at southern end of Persian Gulf; site for forcible entry into Asian sea trade network. Along with Goa and Malacca, was part of Portuguese attempts to capture towns and build fortresses because their sea patrols and raids on coastal towns were not sufficient enough for total monopoly. P. 507 |
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| original name of Hongwu, first Ming emperor, p. 514 |
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| Tokugawa capital city; modern-day Tokyo; center of the Tokugawa shogunate, esp. under Ieyasu. P 525 |
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| Ming dynasty considered Europeans to be barbarians with large noses and hairy faces and tried to limit their contacts with the imperial family. P. 523 |
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