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| African kingdom on the Gold Coast that expanded rapidly after 1680. Asante participated in the Atlantic economy, trading gold, slaves, and ivory. It resisted British imperial ambitions for a quarter century before being absorbed into Britain's Gold Coast colony in 1902. |
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| (1769-1821) General who overthrew the French Directory in 1799 and became the emperor of the French in 1804. Failed to defeat Great Britain and abdicated in 1814. Returned to power briefly in 1815 but was defeated and died in exile. |
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| (1783-1830) The most important military leader in the struggle for independence in South America. Born in Venezuela, he led military forces there and in Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and Bolivia. |
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| (1815-1898) Chancellor (prime minister) of Prussia from 1862 until 1871, when he became chancellor of Germany. A conservative nationalist, he led Prussia to victory against Austria (1866) and France (1870) and was responsible for the creation of the German Empire in 1871. |
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Capitalism
Commercial Capitalism
Industrial Capitalism |
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| The economic system of large financial institutions-banks, stock exchanges, investment companies-that first developed in early modern Europe. Commercial capitalism, the trading system of the early modern economy, is often distinguished from industrial capitalism, the system based on machine production. |
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| The policy in international relations by which, beginning in the 18th century, the major European states acted together to prevent any one of them from becoming too powerful. |
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| Policy by which a nation administers a foreign territory and develops its resources for the benefit of the colonial power. |
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| In the 19th and 20th centuries, the economic process that led to industrialization, urbanization, the rise of a large and prosperous middle class, and heavy investment in education. |
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| Committee of Public Safety |
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| Men and women who agitated for a complete end to slavery. Abolitionist pressure ended the British transatlantic slave trade in 1808 and slavery in the British colonies in 1834. In the United States the activities of abolitionists were one factor leading to the Civil War (1861-1865). |
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| Most favored nation status |
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| South Africans descended from Dutch and French settlers of the 17th century. Their Great Trek founded new settler colonies in the 19th century. Though a minority among South Africans, they held political power after 1910, imposing a system of racial segregation called apartheid after 1949. |
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| (1814-1815) Meeting of representatives of European monarchs called to reestablish the old order after the defeat of Napoleon Bonaparte. |
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| Agricultural Revolution (18th Century) |
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| The transformation of farming that resulted in the 18th century from the spread of new crops, improvements in cultivation techniques and livestock breeding, and the consolidation of small holdings into large farms, from which tenants and sharecroppers were forcibly expelled. |
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| Transportation Revolution |
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| Latin American independence movements |
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| The End of the Atlantic Slave Trade |
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| Political Revolutions in US |
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| Political Revolutions in Haiti |
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| Political Revolutions in France |
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| Political Revolutions in Mexico |
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| Political Revolutions in China |
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| Women's Suffrage Movements |
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| (1884-1885) Conference that German chancellor Otto von Bicmarck called to set rules for the partition of Africa. It led to the creation of the Congo Free State under the King Leopold II of Belgium. |
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| The Unification of Germany |
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| (1853-1856) Conflict between the Russian and Ottoman Empires fought primarily in the Crimean Peninsula. To prevent Russian expansion, Britain and France sent troops to support the Ottomans. |
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| What causes this period to break from Period III? |
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| Understand the changes and patterns in global trade. How is this different from trading patterns in the past? What accounts for the change in trade? |
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| Discuss demographic and environmental changes. |
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| Discuss the rise of Western dominance. What can account for this? |
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| Discuss the change in the role of women. Apply this to industrialization and colonial societies. |
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| Where did the Industrial Revolution begin? Why? |
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| What was the overall impact of the Industrial Revolution? |
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| Discuss nationalism and its relation to the independence movements of this period. |
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| Compare and Contrast the Following Independence Movements: Haiti, America, France, Mexico, and China. |
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| Discuss the reasons for imperialism. |
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| Discuss the impact of imperialism on Africa, Asia, and the Americas. |
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| Compare and contrast the industrial revolution in Western Europe to Japan. |
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| Compare the reaction to foreign domination in the Ottoman Empire, China, India, and Japan. |
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| Compare and contrast the role and condition of women amongst classes and across geographical boundaries. |
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| Discuss the long lasting impact of the Opium Wars. |
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| Compare and contrast the Scientific Revolution to the Industrial Revolution |
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| How did social class systems and labor systems change as a result of the Industrial Revolution and Imperialism? |
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| Akbar the Great (Mughal India) |
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| The exchange of plants, animals, diseases, and technologies between the Americas and the rest of the world following Columbus's voyages. |
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| (1621-1794) Trading company characterized by the Dutch government to conduct its merchants' trade in the Americas and Africa. |
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| A grant of authority over a population of Amerindians in the Spanish colonies. It provided the grant holder with a supply of cheap labor and periodic payments of goods by the Amerindians. It obliged the grant holder to Christianize the Amerindians. |
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| (1642-1649) A conflict over royal versus parliamentary rights, caused by King Charles I's arrest of his parliamentary critics and ending with his execution. Its outcome checked the growth of royal absolutism and, with the Glorious Revolution of 1688 and the English Bill of Rights of 1689, ensured that England would be a constitutional monarchy. |
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| Gutenberg's Printing Press |
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| Gutenberg's Printing Press |
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| Silver or Single Whip System |
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| Straits of Malacca, Indonesia |
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| Suleiman the Magnificent (Ottoman) |
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| Thirty Years War (1618-1648) |
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| Treaty of Westphalia (1648) |
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| Boer Wars (Africa 1899-1902) |
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| Declaration of Independence |
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| Declaration of the Rights of Man |
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| Empress Dowager Cixi (China) |
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| (1835-1908) Empress of China and mother of Emperor Guangxi. She put her son under house arrest, supported antiforeign movements, and resisted reforms of the Chinese government and armed forces. |
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| Execution of Louis XVI (France) |
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| Seven Years War (French and Indian) |
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| Steam Engine (James Watts) |
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| Wealth of Nations (Adam Smith) |
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| Witte Industrialization Program |
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| (1742-1807) Mohawk leader who supported the British during the American Revolution. |
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| (1732-1792) English inventor and entrepreneur who became the wealthiest and most successful textile manufacturer of the early Industrial Revolution. He invented the water frame, a machine that, with minimal human supervision, could spin many strong cotton threads at once. |
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| Building erected in Hyde Park, London for the Great Exhibition of 1851. Made of iron and glass, like a gigantic greenhouse, it was symbolic of the industrial age. |
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| Negotiated the union of the formerly separate colonial governments of Ontario, Quebec, New Brunswick, and Nova Scotia. This new Dominion of Canada with a central government in Ottawa is seen as the beginning of the Canadian nation. |
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| A rebellion of the Maya people against the government of Mexico in 1847 that nearly returned the Yucatan to Maya rule. Some Maya rebels retreated to unoccupied territories, where they held out until 1901. |
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| Women's Rights Convention |
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| Hereditary military servants of the Qing Empire, in large part descendants of peoples of various origins who had fought for the founders of the empire. |
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| The rule over much of South Asia between 1765 and 1947 by the East India Company and then by a British government. |
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| Large, fast, streamlined sailing vessel, often American built, of the mid-to-late !9th century rigged with vast canvas sails hung from tall masts. |
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| British victory over the Mahdi in the Sudan in 1898. General Kitchener led a mixed force of British and Egyptian troops armed with rapid-firing rifles and machine guns. |
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| (1852-1905) Franco-Italian explorer sent by the French government to claim part of equatorial Africa for France. Founded Brazzaville, capital of the French Congo, in 1880. |
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| (1869-1964) Leader of the Filipino independence movement against Spain (1895-1898). He proclaimed the independence of the Philippines in 1899, but his movement was crushed and he was captured by the United States Army in 1901. |
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| (1451-1506) Genoese mariner who in the service of Spain led expeditions across the Atlantic, establishing contact between the peoples of the Americas and the Old World and opening the way to Spanish conquest and colonization. |
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