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| *Mercantilism: features, rationale, impact on Great Britain, impact on the colonies |
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| Mercantilism = Gold/silver is fixed currency. To gain wealth you have to take from another. British want manufacturing done in England, and raw materials to come from its colonies, sell these finished goods to colonies for profit. |
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| *Navigation Acts of 1650, 1660, 1663, 1696 |
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1650 - All goods imported to England must be on a English ship + mostly English crew.
1660 - If you want goods, you have look first to England, then to its colonies to acquire them.
1663 - All ships carrying goods from Europe to America must dock in England, offload, and pay a fee.
1696 - Requires colonial governors to enforce Navigation Acts, also gives writs of assistance, general search warrant, and violators must be tried in admiralty court, instead of jury. |
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| Maritime courts, judges were assigned by governor. |
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| An arrangement under which items are delivered by a consignor to a consignee to be resold or used and paid for by the consignee. (Raw --> Manufact) |
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| First borns inherit the ENTIRE estate of dead parents. |
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| Poor Richard's Almanack, first published 1732 |
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| Yearly almanac published by Benjamin Franklin, contains calender, weather, poems, sayings, astronomy info, proverbs, etc, tons of interesting things. |
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| Board of Trade (of the Privy Council) |
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| William and Mary create Board of Trade, replacing Lords of Trade, colonial officials required to attend. There they plan out how to improve exploitation of colonies. It had no real power. |
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| First prime minister of Parliament for British. |
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| English will create laws, but not really enforce them, the colonies have to survive somehow, so let contraband come in. |
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| Proprietary, charter, and royal colonies |
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Royal Colonies: is were subject to the direct control of the Crown. Governors put by the crown, pick and choose members of his council.
Proprietary Colonies: a proprietor was a person to whom the king had made a grant of land.
Charter Colonies: was largely self-governed |
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| Charles II sends "Lords of Trade", British colonial agents who enforce these new regulations, they can name governors, and decide in other affairs. |
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| Protective tariffs are taxes levied on imports or exports, designed to protect countries economy. |
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| Paper notes backed by gold/silver. |
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