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| French and Indian War / Seven Years' War |
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(1756-1763)
Battle between Great Britain and France
France lost, Britain and Spain gained land west of Mississippi (including New Orleans) |
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| The document formally ending the French and Indian war. |
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(1754)
Plan proposed by Benjamin Franklin to persuade the colonies to join together, or they will fail.
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| Document made by King George III limiting the colonists' settlement past the Appalachian mountains. George was attempting to stabilize relations with Native Americans. |
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| Act passed to raise revenue for Great Britain. The colonists' questioned the Parliament's authority for such heavy taxes. (Revolutionary ideas brewing) |
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| Tax on legal documents imposed by Britain, for colonies. |
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| Political group made up of patriots, known for tarring and feathering red-coats. (They also forced tea to some.) |
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| Forced colonists to provide shelter and food for the British soldiers that were in America. |
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| Repealed the Stamp Act (boycotts were hurting the British trade.) |
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| Included the same taxes on sugar, legal documents, etc. although Britain added the writs of assistance (search and seizure) and vice admiralty courts (always won in favor of Britain, w/o jury) |
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| A gathering of 9 out of the 13 colonies to discuss the ridiculous taxes they had to pay to Britain. (also brewed ideas for succession from the crown.) |
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| Massachusetts Circular Letter |
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| Letter written by Samuel Adams telling colonies to boycott British taxes. |
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| Started off as heated riot/protest between American civilians and British soldiers; escalated to soldiers shooting and killing 5 Americans. |
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| Colonists in Boston - dressed as Native Americans - dumped British tea into the Boston harbour to protest the tax on tea. |
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| The document that formally ended the American Revolutionary War |
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| Articles of Confederation |
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| The first official constitution of the United States that told how the national government would operate. |
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| An act of the Congress of the United States, adding Northwest territory (Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, etc.) |
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| A series of acts from the Parliament of Great Britain that regulated paper money issued from British America. |
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| Coercive Acts/Intolerable Acts |
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| Acts passed by Parliament in response to the Boston Tea Party, aiming to control the colonies from anymore boycotts/protests. |
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| The last major battle of the Revolution; the Americans led by General George Washington. |
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| A major turning point in the war in which the Americans had a boost of confidence, and British soldiers puzzled. |
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| A pamphlet written by Thomas Paine attempting to persuade colonists that it's "common sense to become independent from the crown." |
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| 1st Continential Congress |
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| First meeting of delegates from each colony (except Georgia) to produce the Declaration of Rights and Grievances. |
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| Battles of Lexington and Concord |
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| The 'first' battles of the Revolution; Britain marched to seize minutemen weapons at Lexington, then marched to Concord where they were defeated by those men. |
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| The army formed by America as a defence for the Revolution (i.e. official army.) |
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| Second meeting; Wrote the Olive Branch Petition (final peace offering.) Parliament ignored it, and created the Prohibitory Act (Blockade all American colonies from Navy.) |
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| An uprising in the Virginia colony led by Nathaniel Bacon protesting against policies towards the Native Americans. |
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| The exchange of animals, culture, ideas, disease, plants, slaves, etc; between the Old world and the New world. |
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Colonies owned by wealthy stock/landowners (joint-stock company).
These colonies usually had more self-government. |
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| (aka. Maryland Toleration Act); A law mandating religious tolerance for trinitarian Christians. |
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| Fundamental Orders of Connecticut |
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| Somewhat of a first written constitution of the west; setting Connecticut's structure and powers. |
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| The overthrow of King James II by England. |
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| A legal grant of land to settlers. If their indentured servent was paid for, they could have the land for free. |
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| A Puritan who was expelled from Massachusetts because she questioned the clergy's moral authority. |
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| An uprising in New York in which Jacob Leisler took control of lower NY. |
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| A series of hearings before county court trials to prosecute people accused of witchcraft in Massachusetts. |
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| A religion formed out of religious confusions in England; They basically believed a follower does not need to be part of clergy to have a direct experience with God. William Penn, founder of Pennsylvania, was a Quaker. |
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| An English leader of the settlers in the Plymouth colony and Massachusetts Bay colony; First civil authority to designate Thanksgiving. |
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| Partnership in which two or more individuals own a stock; The English East India Company was one of the largest joint-stock companies. |
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| Colonies ruled and/or appointed by the King. |
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| The new ideas of England; Reason, progress, science, and human improvement. |
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| Period of religious revival; many Protestants supported the awakening, as a contrast to the traditional Catholic Church. |
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| An attempt by Quakers to create their own society in Pennsylvania, and to show off to the rest of the world their "perfect" community. |
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| Someone who was to work for another for up to seven years (like a slave), but was then a free man after that period of time. |
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| First governing document of the Plymouth colony, written by Pilgrims. (established direct democracy.) |
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| European Christian reform; purpose was to avoid Catholic corruption and indulgences. The Protestants were also against the Pope. |
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| Land grants given to supporters by King Charles II. These colonies include: the Carolinas, New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Delaware, and Georgia. |
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| An English Protestant who was expelled from England because his belief that the church and state should be separated. He became the founder of Rhode Island, with the motivation to fulfil his belief. |
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| The leading Puritan of the Massachusetts Bay colony, to create a "City on a Hill" type of community. |
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| A document asking new Kings William and Mary for their charters back. In 1689, New Englander's rebelled against Andros when they heard of the Glorious Revolution. |
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| The trade of rum, slaves, and sugar between New England, Great Britain/Europe, and West Africa. |
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| The first assembly of elected representatives (in Virginia). |
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| The first permanent English settlement in the United States. |
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| Colony in New England founded for religious freedom ("City on a Hill"). Led by William Bradford and John Winthrop. |
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| Religion based on self-government, protestant beliefs, etc. They value education, brotherhood, economic equality, and an emphasis on family roles. ("City on a Hill" vision). They were also quite plain/dull in their ceremonies; no artwork, music, etc. |
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