Latin "to or against the man," this is an argument that appeals to emotion reather than reason.

To represent an abstraction in addition to the litteral menaing.

The repitition of sounds.

ex: 'she sells sea shells'

A direct of indirect reference to something commonly known, such as an event, book, myth, place, or work of art.

A similarity or comparison between two different things.

A terse¹ statement of known authorship which expresses a moral principle.

^1:Brief and to the point; effectively concise

A figure of speech that directly addresses an absent or imaginary person or personified abstraction such as liberty or love.

The use of slang or informalities in speech or writting.

The non-literal, associative meaning of a word.

A pithy¹ saying, often using contrast.

^1:Precisely meaningful; forceful and brief

A metaphor developed at great length, occurring frequently in or throughout a work.

Characterized by distortions or incongruities¹

^1:Lacking in harmony; incompatible

A type of sentence in  which the main idea comes first, followed by dependent gramatical units such as phrases and clauses.

Greek:"changed label" or "substitute name"

a figure of speech in which the name of one object is substituted for another closely associated with it.

A figure of speech in which natural sounds are imitated in the sounds of words

ex: buzz, hiss, hum, crack, etc.

The narrator of the story knows and tells,

what is in the minds of all the characters.

Greek: "pointedly foolish"

A figure of speech wherein the author groups apparently contradictory terms to suggest a paradox.

Greek: "beside one another"

ex: A famous example of parallelism begins Charles Dickens's novel A Tale of Two Cities: "It was the best of times, it was the worst of times, it was the age of wisdom, it was the age of foolishness, it was the epoch of belief, it was the epoch of incredulity..."

A work that closely imitates the style or content of another with the specific aim of comic effect and/or ridicule

ex: Mark Day[YouTube comedian]

'this video is for parody purposes only'

Greek: "orator"

This term describes the principles of governing the art of writing effectively, eloquently, and persuasively.

A question asked for effect, not in expectation of a reply.

Greek: "to tear flesh"

Sarcasm involves bitter, caustic language that is ment to hurt or ridicule someone or something.

A work that targets human vices and follies or social institutions and conventions for reform or ridicule.

ex: irony, wit, parody, hyperbole, sarcasm etc.

The way an author uses language to convey his/her ideas.

Greek: "reckoning together"

A syllogism is a deductive system of formal logic that presents two premises[major and minor] that inevitably lead to a sound conclusion.

Anything that represents or stands for somthing else.

Tone

Author's attitude toward his or her material.

The attitude of the narrating persona towards events, other characters, or ideas.

Wit