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| The study of geographic phenomena by visiting places and observing how people interact with and thereby change those places. |
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| One of the two major divisions of geography: the spatial analysis of human population, its cultures, activities, and landscapes. |
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| Is a set of processes that are increasing interactions, deepening relationships, and heightening interdependence |
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| One of the two major divisions of systematic geography; the spatial analysis of the structure, processes, and location of Earth's natural phenomena such as climate, soil, plants, animals and topography. |
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| Pertaining to space on the Earth's surface; sometimes used as a synonym for geographic. |
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| Physical location of geographic phenomena across space. |
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| The design of a spacial distribution (e.g. scattered or concentrated) |
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| The study of health and disease within a geographic context and from a geographical perspective. Among other things, medical geography looks at sources, diffusion routes, and distribution of diseases. |
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| An outbreak of a disease that spreads worldwide. |
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| Regional outbreak of a disease. |
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| Observing variations in geographic phenomena across space. |
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| Five Themes (of geography) |
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| Five themes of geography are location, Human- Environment, region, place, and movement. |
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| The Geographical situation of people and things. |
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| A logical attempt to explain the locational pattern of an economic activity and the manner in which its producing areas are interrelated. The agricultural location theory contained in the Von Thunen model is a leading example. |
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| The second theme of geography. Reciprocal relationship between humans and environment. |
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| Third theme of geography. An area on the Earth's surface marked by a degree of formal,functional, or perceptual homogenity of some phenomenon. |
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| Fourth theme of geography. Uniqueness of a location. |
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| State of mind derived through the infusion of a place with meaning and emotion by remembering important events that occured in that place or by labeling a place with a certain character. |
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| Belief or "understanding" about a place developed through books, movies, stories, or pictures. |
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| Fifth theme of geography. The mobility of people, goods and ideas across the surface of the planet. |
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Spatial interaction is the flow of products, people, services, or information among places, in response to localized supply and demand.
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| Measurement of physical space between two places. |
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| The degree of ease with which it is possible to reach a certain location from other locations. Accessibility can vary from place to place and can be measured. |
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| The degree of direct linkage between one particular location and other locations in a transport network. |
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| The overall appearance of an area. Most landscapes are comprised of a combination of natural and human-induced influences. |
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| The visible imprint of human activity and culture on the landscape. The layers of buildings, forms, and artifacts sequentially imprinted on the landscape by the activities of various human occupants. |
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| The notion that successive societies leave their cultural imprints on a place, each contributing to the cumulative cultural landscape. |
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| The art and science of making maps, including data compilation, layout, and design. Also concerned with the interpretation of mapped patterns. |
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| Maps that show the absolute location of places and geographic features determined by a frame of reference, typically latitude and longitude. |
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| Maps that tell stories, typically showing the degree of some attribute or the movement of a geographic phenomenon. |
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| The position or place of a certain item on the surface of the earth as expressed in degrees, minutes, and seconds of latitude, 0° to 90° north or south of the equator, and longitude, 0° to 180° East or West of the prime meridian passing through Greenwich England. |
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| Global Positioning Systems (GPS) |
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| Satellite-based system for determining the absolute location of places or geographic features. |
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| A hunt for a cache, the Global Positioning System (gps) coordinates which are placed on the internet by other geographers. |
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| The regional position or situation of a place relative to the position of other places. Distance, accessibilty, and connectivity affect relative location. |
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| Image or picture of the way space is organized as determined by an individual's perception, impression, and knowledge of that space. |
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| The space within which daily activity occurs |
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| emphasizes the most important map elements |
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| A method of collecting data or information through the use of instruments (ex. satellites) that are physically distant from the area or object of study. |
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| Geographic Information Systems (GIS) |
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| A collection of computer hardware and software that permits spatial data to be collected, recorded, stored, retrieved, manipulated, analyzed, and displayed to the user. |
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| Involvement of players at other scales to generate support for a position or an iniative (ex. use of the internet to generate interest on a national or global scale for local position or iniativ.) |
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| A type of region marked by a certain degree of homogenity in one or more phenomena: also called uniform region or homogeneous region. |
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| A region defined by the particular set of activities or interactions that occur within it. |
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| A region that only exists as a conceptualization or an idea and not as a physically demarcated entity. For example, in the united states, "the south" and "the Mid-Atlantic region" are perceptual regions. |
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| The sum total of the knowledge, attitudes, and habitual behavior patterns shared and transmitted by the members of society. |
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| A single element of normal practice in a culture, such as the wearing of a turban. |
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| A related set of cultural traits, such as prevailing dress codes and cooking and eating utensils. |
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| Heartland, source area, innovation center; place of origin of a major culture. |
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| The term for a trait with many cultural hearths that developed independent of each other. |
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| The expansion and adoption of a cultural element, from its place of origin to a wider area. |
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| the declining degree of acceptance of an idea or innovation with increasing time and disance from its point of origin or source. |
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| prevailing cultural attitude rendering certain innovations, ideas or practices unnacceptable or unadoptable in that particular culture. |
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| The spread of an innovation or an idea through a population in area in such a way that the number of those influenced grows continously larger, resulting in an expanding area of dissemination. |
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| The distance-controlled spreading of an idea, innovation, or some other item through a local population by contact from person to person- analogous to the communication of a contagious illness. |
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| A form of diffusion in which an idea or innovation spreads by passing first among the most connected places or peoples. An urban hierarchy is usually involved, encouraging the leapfrogging of innovations over wide areas, with geographic distance a less important influence. |
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| A form of diffusion in which a cultural adaptation is created as a result of the introduction of a cultural trait from another place. |
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| sequential diffusion process in which the items being diffused are transmitted by their carrier agents as they evacuate the old areas and relocate the new ones. The most common form of relocation diffusion involves the spreading of innovations by a migrating population. |
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| ways of seeing the world spatially that are used by geographers in answering research questions. |
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| environmental determinism |
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| the view that the natural environment has a controlling influence over various aspects of human life, including cultural development. Also referred to as environmentalism. |
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lines on a map connecting equal temperature values. |
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| Geographic viewpoint- a response to determinism- that holds that human decision making, not the environment, is the crucial factor in cultural development. Nonetheless, possibilities view the environment as providing a set of broad constraints that limits the possibilities in human choice. |
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| The multiple interactions and relationships between the culture and the natural environment. |
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| An approach to studying nature-society relations that is concerned with the ways in which environmental issues both reflect, and are the result of, the political and socioeconomic contexts in which they are situated. |
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