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| allows the Congress to levy an income tax without apportioning it among the states or basing it on Census results |
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| sets a term limit for the President of the United States. (two terms is the limit) |
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| Deals with succession to the Presidency and establishes procedures both for filling a vacancy in the office of the Vice President, as well as responding to Presidential disabilities. |
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"Friend of the court" in latin.
It's someone who offers information on a point of law or another aspect of the case to assist the court in deciding a matter before it. |
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| It's a bill that allows congress to fund a program that would have been set up by an authorization bill. |
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| It's the bill that extablishes, continues, or changes a discretionary govt program or an entitlement. Specifies goals and max expenditures for discretionary programs. |
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the practice of having two legislative or parliamentary chambers
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a proposed law put under consideration in a legislature
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| a government policy document allocating taxes and benefits |
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binding congress to a total expenditure level (supposedly the bottom line of all federal spending for all programs)
Legislated in two ways = 1) budget conciliation and 2) authorization and appropriations bills. |
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Bureaucracy is the combined organizational structure, procedures, protocols, and set of regulations in place to manage activity, usually in large organizations.
Peopel in higher ranks are appointed, not voted or elected into their positions. |
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| When Burger was nominated for the Chief Justiceship, many conservatives expected that the Burger Court would rule markedly differently from the Warren Court and might, in fact, overturn controversial Warren Court era precedents. |
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| senior officers of the executive branch of the govt. They are chosen by the president and then presented to the senate for approval. G. Washington had one of four people. |
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| refers to intermediary work performed by members of Congress for constituents who may have problems, or "cases", with the federal government. |
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a meeting of supporters of a political party or movement. closed meeting between people of a political party and/or faction. |
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| A civil servant or public servant is a civilian public sector employee working for a government department or agency. |
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| When a collective group of peolpe bring a lawsuit against someone/ some company to the courts. |
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| When people of the same political party or ideals of the president get elected because voters like the president. They ride in on the president's coattails. lol. |
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| seen as a facilitator of the committee. They are elected by the committee and provide leadership for the committee. The Committee Chairs report to the Administrative Division Representatives. |
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| Permanent legislative panels established by the United States House of Representatives and United States Senate rules. standing committees consider bills and issues and recommend measures for consideration by their respective chambers. |
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Committees that are made up of members of both chambers of a bicameral parliament.
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| to solve disagreements on a particular bill. consists of members of both chamberes in a bicameral legislature. |
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appointed to perform a special function that is beyond the authority or capacity of a standing committee.
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| congressional budget office |
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| in legislative branch. CBO. Act of 1974. reform budgetary process. fixed budgt calendar, budgt committee in each house. CBO advises congress of the probably consequences of its decisions and forecast revues and is a counterweight to presidents OMB. |
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| a bill that is continuing to become a law. legislation is introduced->committee action->floor action->conference committee->the president->bill becomes a law |
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| A court of appeals decides appeals from the district courts within its federal judicial circuit, and in some instances from other designated federal courts and administrative agencies. |
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| a deficit in the USA is an excess of federal expenditures. |
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| lifting of restrictions on business, industry, and professional activie for which govt rules had been established and that bureaucracies had been created to administer |
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| they're the general trial courts of the US court system. Both civil and criminal cases are filed in the district court, which is a court of law, equity, and admiralty. |
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| An electoral mandate is the perception that the voters strongly support the president's character and policies. It can be a powerful symbol in politics. |
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| guaranteed access to benefits because of agreement through law or because of one's rights |
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| It's an order issued by, gasp, none other than the executive branch (president). issued them since 1789. |
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| govt spending of revenues |
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All the debt accumulated by the federal government. (can include state etc debts that branch upwards to the federal govt) The annual government deficit or surplus refers to the cash difference between government receipts and spending ignoring intra-governmental transfers.
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| it's a parliamentary procedure. In order to delay or prevent votes on a procedure by talking for a longgggg time. |
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| prevents federal employees from engaging in partisan political activity. Named after Senator Carl Hatch of new Mexico. |
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| tax writing committee of the house of reps. members on this committee cannot serve in any other hosue committees. It's senate counterpart is the US Senate Committee of Finance. But the consti. states that all bills regarding taxation must come from the house of reps. |
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| the formal process of accusing an elected official of a criminal offense. it doesnt neccessarily result in removal from office. |
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| more effective than the command-and-control policy. Marketlike strategies are used to manage public policy. |
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| due april 15th. share of individual wages and corporate revenues collected by the govt. 16th amendment authorized it. |
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| budget for one year should be last years budget + a little bit more. it's just a theory, because of inflation and rising costs. it doesn't always happen though. Little changes of budget as opposed to big budget jumps. |
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| people who are already elected into an office. once an incumbent, it's much easier to get reelected. |
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| Also called subgovernments. Mutually dependent relationships between bureaucratic agencies, interest groups, and congressional committees & subcommittees. They dominated some areas of domestic policymaking. Descrbies the policy-making relationship among the congressional committees, the bureaucracy (executive) , and interest groups. |
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| encourages judges to limit exercises of their own power. (it's a form of judicial interpretation). Says judges shouldn't strike down laws unless they are obviously unconstitutional. |
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| the ability of the judicial branch of the government to review certain laws or practices and deem them unconstitutional or not based on the evidence. Legislative and executive actions subject to review by judicial branch. |
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| separate executive and legislative functions if actions by the executive can be rejected by the legislature. |
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| floor leader of the majority caucus. partisan position in a legislative body. |
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floor leader of the 2nd largest caucus in a legislative body.
usually a republican or demcrat while their counterpart is the other party. |
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formed the basis for judicial review.
Marbury petitioned supreme court. His commission was not delivered, and he wanted James Madison to deliver the info. The court denied Marbury's petition, holding that part of the statute upon whichh he based his claim, the judiciary act of 1789, was unconstitutional. |
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| added 1965 by congress. added to social security system. Provides hospitalization insurance to the elderly and lets the elderly buy cheaper insurance for docter fees, etc. |
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