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| Bonfire of the Vainities; against secularism, died of heresy in his bonfires for being critical of the church |
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| r.1830-1848; accepted constitutional charter of 1814; accepted red, white, and blue of French Revolution flag |
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| famous Baroque music composer |
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| married to and divorced from Henry VIII for not bearing him an heir, she was the reason the Church of England came about |
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| Lutheranism; consubstantiation, 95 theses, Wittenberg,Germany; figuredhead of Protestant Reformation |
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| Calvinism, predestination, Geneva, Switzerland; state & church united, consubstantiation |
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| printing press/ movable-type inventor (1455) |
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| Renaissance artist, Achool of Athens |
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| Renaissance artist/inventor, Mona Lisa, Lord's Last Supper |
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| real name; Francois Marie Arouet, Enlightenment period, Candide, against religious intolerance, philosophe |
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| The Prince, rather of political science, 'go for what you want without worry over others' |
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| Renaissance artist; Sistine Chapel ceiling, David |
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| Swinglism, Church & state together; heavily influenced by Calving, Eucharist only a symbol of Last Supper |
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| wrote Praise of Folly, critical of Church, is not convicted of heresy, deeply religious |
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| Utopia; killed by Henry VIII for not accepting the Church of England |
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| author of The Decameron; popular by historians for the description of the Black Death |
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| English King, claimed French throne, Duchy of Aquitaine, Hundred Years War, loses the war |
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| Habsburg woman, supposed to inherit throne of lands, Seven Year War starts up over the conflict |
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| first democratically elected president of Russia. Now dead |
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| Leader of Solidarity in Poland, first democratically elected president of poland, shock therapy |
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| The Second Sex, author in 1970s, feminist |
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| West Germany taxes increased to aid East germany after Berlin Wall fallls, ostpolitik, detente |
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| last ruler of USSR, out of a job at end of colv war, aided War to end, glasnost, perestroika |
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| Brezhnev Doctrine, neo-stalinist, Russian leader after Khrushchev |
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| Renaissance woman, scholar, greatly respected by men |
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| France, Hundred Years War, kidnapped by English, executed for heresy when the French refused her, claimed to have heard saints speaking to her, led many French troops to victory |
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| Queen Mary's mother, Henry VIII's second wife, beheaded her so that he could marry another |
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| Church of England, Supremacy Act, divorced Catherine of Aragon, married and beheaded Anne Boleyn, fathered Mary and Elizabeth Tudor |
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| Protestant, reforms to allow religious toleration, head of Church of England, Spanish Armada, "Virgin Queen", Virginia |
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| Prince Herny, would never receive throne, created schools of navigation with his money instead, Age of Exploration |
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| Elizabethan playwright who wrote of many human tendencies |
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Mexico
Aztecs
Cortez
tricked Aztecs into giving him their gold, Age of Exploration |
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| Ferdinand and Isabella of Spain |
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| Reconquista - threw out Jews and Moors (Muslims); united Spain through Marriage, Age of Exploration, Christopher Columbus |
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| Age of Exploration, Spain, found America & mistook it for India (he was looking for a westwrad trade route to India through the Atlantic Ocean) |
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| circumnavigated the globe...almost. Died in the Philippines, Age of Exploration |
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Pizarro
Incans
Peru
Pizarrro took over the Incans from Peru |
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| Famous Baroque style composer |
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| Edict of Nantes, turned Catholic claiming "Paris is Worthy of the Mass', French King, War of three Henry's |
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| Sun King, revoked Edict of Nantes, Versilles, forced nobles to live at palace 1/2 year, Fronde made huge impact on him, divine right, strict ruler |
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| Leviathan, people are born bad, must be dominated by ruler through whatever means, people cannot govern themselves |
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| heliocentric theory, works published after death, On the Revolution of the Heavenly Orbs |
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| Law of Planetary Motion, data from predecessors |
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| led revolution in Russia under the reign of Catherine the Great after her many reforms |
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| Catherine the Great of Russia |
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| created many reforms; booted husband out after becoming king and queen; revolts occured and she became much more strictwith her people |
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| perfeted the telescope, found data used by Kepler and Copernicus later, recanted his teachings before the Church |
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| father of capitalism; laissez faire, agaist mercantilism, people will selfishly take care of the economy |
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| Johann Wolfgang von Goethe |
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| co-author of communist manifesto, father of communism, believed the wokers positions would only worsen and only possible way to revolt would be very bloody |
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| Napoleonic Code; 1799-1815, thrown out twice, elected into position after French Revolution, former soldier, proto-totalitarian, always appeared in military uniform |
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| Jacobins, put to death on guillotine for not being so enthusiastic about the French Rev., friends with Robespierre, not as radical |
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| Germ Theory; pasteurization |
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| Louis Napoleon, took name o fhis uncle for more recognition after he was elected into position, French leader |
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| Freudian psychology; id, ego, superego, all thing originat from mother/childhood, made insanity something treatable |
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| natural selection; not fond of social darwinism; theory of evolution |
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| "The Sword"; helped unify Italy by overtaking the kingdom of two Sicilies |
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| "The Mind", Ghost of Machiavelli, helped to unify Italy through whatever means necessary |
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| "The Heart", helped unify Itally, Young Italy |
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| Machiavellian tactics, unified Germany, created strong treaties with Russia and isolated France from other countries |
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| last czar of Russia, abdicated, Bloody Sunday, Rasputin, revolution, WWII |
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| Jewish military official convicted of a crime he was innocent for in a military court, brought to a public court and found innocent, the occurence showed the rise of anti-semetic ideals in the time period |
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| author, White Man's Burden |
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| Archduke Francis Ferdinand |
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| assassinated by a Serbian terrorist group "The Black Hand" in the Balkans, trigger for WWII |
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| monk from Russia, ruled country while Nicholaus II was away at WWII, Queen's advisor |
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| NEP, first communist Russian leader, Leninist Marxism, do not need an Ind. Rev. so long a sintellectual leaders are present |
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| find meaning in life without God, existentialism, WWII |
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| Jewish scientist, came to America avoiding Holocaust, helped create Atom bomb, Theory of Relativity |
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| author from "The Lost Generation" |
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| author from "The Lost Generation" |
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| psycho. German dictator, came to power in 1933, WWII, Holocaust, fascist, antisemetic, totalitarian |
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| second communist Russian leader, killed all who opposed him, had Trotsky murdered when it seemed he would be chosen as the next leader, Great Purges, Five-Year Plans, present for WWII |
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| Italian dictator, fascist, WWII |
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| after Stalin, de-stalinization, reforms, more liberties, Russian leader, seen as too weak and pulled out of office |
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| British Prime minister after Chamberlain, WWII, much more liked |
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| British Prime minister, allowed Appeasements of Hitler, Munich conference, greatly disliked |
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