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| A nationalistic movement as Irish forces began to press for independence from Great Britain |
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| A crisis in the Third Republic of France that began in 1894 involving a Jewish officer who was falsely accused of leaking military secrets to the Germans. The incident revealed the virulence of French anti-Semitism |
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| Began in 1904 between Russia and Japan, which when Russia lost once again, revealed the complete bankruptcy of the Tsarist state. |
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| A system created by Bismarck in 1879 to establish a military alliance with the Austro-Hungarians |
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| Bismarck signed with Russia in 1887 in order to make it clear that the treaty with Austria-Hungary was purely defensive |
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| Great Britain in 1904 signed with France to resolve certain contentious colonial issues |
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| Austro-Prussian War & Franco-Prussian War |
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| Lasted for weeks, and set the foundation for the formatting of warfare during the WWI, although in the last decade, numerous new weapons and technologies had developed to hinder the effectiveness of the original planning. |
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| German's plan of taking over France via northern France during WWI |
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| First Battle of the Marne |
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| French army under General Joffre stopped the German advancement toward Paris during the initial stages of the WWI |
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| First introduced in early 1915 in battle and was used by both sides during the WWI. |
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| French fortress that suffered through heavy German attack during 1916. The French was able to defend their ground under the command of General Philippe Petan |
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| Diplomatic proposal from the German Empire to Mexico to make war against the United States. |
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| The U.S. ship that was sunken by German U-boats, that result in the U.S. intervention in WWI |
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| An idealistic document that sought to reduce future tensions between nations by maintaining free trade and an end to secret negotiations |
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| The Women's Social and Political Union under the leadership of Emmeline Pankhurst, who organized militant campaigns to win vote |
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| International body created during the Versailles Conference, aimed at settling disputes between nations |
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| French Premier during the Versailles Conference |
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| British Premier during the Versailles Conference |
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| Soviets formed by workers and soldiers that is on the Socialist Revolutionary wing |
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| The Russian parliament that arose out of the 1905 revolution, and was provisional because it was supposed to only exist long enough to establish a constituent body which would then write a constitution for the new Russian Republic |
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| Extrem socialist groups lead by Vladimir Lenin |
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| Staged the coup with Lenin which ended the rule of the Provisional government and formed a Soviet rule led by the Bolsheviks |
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| in 1917 Lenin signed this treaty with Germany to remove Russia from the war. As a result, Germany sized much of the Russian land in central-estern Europe |
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| A moderate socialist who served as the first president of the Weimar Republic |
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| A voluntary paramilitary group often extreme right-wing leanings, created by Ebert to put down the socialist rebellions led by Karl Liebknecht and Rosa Luxemburg |
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| The Chancellor of Germany in 1923, who is the leader of the German People's Party. He was able to get the economy back on its feet under the condition of hyper-inflation |
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| Signed between Germany and French, in which Germany accept current borders with surrounding countries |
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| A loose term for various anti-Communist factions including dedicated monarchists and ardent republicans during the Russian (Soviet) Civil War |
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| Launched by Lenin and Trotsky to decimate any enemies of the Bolshevik state and other members of the Menshevik party |
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| Third (Communist) International |
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| Organization created to aid further communist revolutions that would stage in other part of Europe outside of Russia |
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| New Economic Policy (NEP) |
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| Lenin replaced the War Communism with NEP in order to stage quick industrialization and post-war recovery by allowing significant scope for private enterprise |
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| Led by Trotsky, argued that it was necessary to focus on the spread of revolution to the industrialized nations of western Europe |
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| Led by Nikolai Bukharin, argued to continue NEP and building communism within the Soviet State |
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| A comprehensive, centrally controlled plan for industrial expansion created by Joseph Stalin |
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| Stalin's act of extracting necessary money by squeezing the peasantry through forced collectivization of Russian Agriculture. The stage waged open war on the Kulkas (wealthy peasants) |
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| 1920s' described in the Book of F. Scott Fitzgerald |
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| Fixed exchange rate between a nation's currency and gold |
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| Believed that the solution to the Great Depression is deficit spending, which is temporarily providing people with jobs and income again to enable a spending recovery |
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| A attempt by Franklin Roosevelt to bring the U.S. out of the Great Depression |
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| Italian king who, under the demand of Mussolini, named him and several other Fascist to cabinet post, with Mussolini being the Prime Minister |
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| Agreement that was signed between Mussolini and the Catholic Church. For the first time the papacy officially recognized the Italian state |
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| A bombastic general and a dedicated monarchist who was in charge of Germany as the last president of the Weimar Republic |
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| A party that Hitler joined in 1919, and he renamed it the National Socialist German Worker's Party |
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| A military coup attempted by Hitler to seize power of the government, which failed terribly. Hitler was arrested and sentenced to jail |
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| Gave a political party emergency power to govern the state |
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| The former Nazi political army, replaced by S.S. |
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| Hitler murders his old ally Ernst Rohm, the leader of S.A. |
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| The leader of the Ministry of Propaganda |
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| Political proposal in France which wanted to allow workers to collectively bargain with employers, reducing the work week to forty hours, and granting the right to fully paid vacations |
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| A French political movement where numerous left, and centre parties form a "popular front" against the potential Fascist victory in France |
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| A policy that the British resort to when faced with the aggressions of Hitler. The British basically did nothing to go against the will of the Furor |
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| The treaty that gave the Hitler all Sudenten territories to Germany |
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| The period of "nothing" during the winter of 1939 - 1940 |
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| A series of seemingly impregnable defences to protect France against potential German assaults during WWII |
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| The French port where the British expeditionary force and the French army were forced to retreat across the English Channel |
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| The puppet government of France under the control of Hitler, led by the old hero of Verdun: Marshal Petain |
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| French resistance on the post-occupation French soil |
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| Law implemented by the Nazi to deprive Jews of citizenship and forcing them to war a yellow star of David on their clothing whenever they left their homes |
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| The Night of Broken Glass. The shattering of Jewish stores led by Hitler and the Nazi party |
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| The way to "deal with the Jews" that was came up by Hitler on November 9, 1938. The resolution involve brutal slaughter of the Jewish population using poison gas, and machine guns |
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| A notorious concentration camp during the Holocaust |
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| The German plan to strike the Soviet Union during WWII |
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| Basically the execution of all the important Nazi figures of WWII after the defeat of Germany |
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