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AP European History
Jackson J. Spielvogel Western Civilization Sixth Edition Ch. 27
50
History
12th Grade
04/03/2011
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Term
WWII was largely made possibly by:
 Definition
The failure of Britain and France to strongly oppose flagrant German violations of the Versailles treaty
Term
The idea of Lebensraum maintained that:
 Definition
a nation's power depended on the amount and kind of land it occupied.
Term
For Hitler to achieve his goals, he thought:
 Definition
his basic plan of racial supremacy adn empire over "inferior" peoples was most critical.
Term
Hitler settled on acquiring German Lebensraum in the east in Russian territory in part because of his racist belief that:
 Definition
the Slavs were an "inferiior" people governed by impotent Jews among the Blosheviks and worthy of enslavement.
Term
The British policy of appasement was based on:
 Definition
a belief that it would maintain peace adn stability in Europe, avoiding another catastrophic conflict like WWI.
Term
Hitler's first act of aggression took place in 1936 when the Germans occupied what area?
 Definition
the Rhineland
Term
By the end of 1937, Neville Chamberlain, the British prime minister, was:
 Definition
a strong advocate of appeasement.
Term
The Munich Conference was:
 Definition
criticized by Winston Churchill as a tragic outcome of appeasement.
Term
Following the Munich Conference, Hitler quickly:
 Definition
systematically took the rest of Czechoslovakia.
Term
Hitler's first dramatic acts as head of the German state were:
 Definition
withdrawal of Germany from the Geneva Disarmament Conference and from the League of Nations.
Term
Hitler took Poland in 1939, using:
 Definition
Blitzkrieg, or "lightening war," tactics, and with active support from Joseph Stalin.
Term
Immediately following the fall of Poland:
 Definition
France and Britain declared war, but remained relatively inactive militarily.
Term
The Maginot Line was
 Definition
a sophisticated line of defenses in eastern Europe.
Term
Following the Allied evacuation at Dunkirk, France:
 Definition
soon surrendered and the Vichy government was set up as a German puppet state.
Term
Hitler's plan for defeating Britain relied on:
 Definition
Germany's Luftwaffe gaining control of the skies.
Term
Serious conflict in Asia contributing ot the outbreak of WWII in the Pacific began with Japan's 1037 attack on:
 Definition
China
Term
The ancient "way of the warrior" that was revived during the 1930s was:
 Definition
bushido
Term
Chief among the reasons for Japanese expansion in the 1930s were:
 Definition
an expanding population adn severe lack of natural resources on the island nation.
Term
The Grand Alliance included all of the following countries EXCEPT: Britain, the USSR, France, or the US.
 Definition
France
Term
After the attack on Pearl Harbor, the main priority for the US was
 Definition
defeating Germany first, and then turning its great naval war machine against Japan.
Term
It can be argued that this key decision early in the war by Adolf Hitler made the defeat of Germany inevitable:
 Definition
immediately declaring war on the US after teh Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor.
Term
The turning point of the North African campaign came:
 Definition
at El Alamein where the British stopped Rommel in the summer of 1942.
Term
The decisive Battle of Stalingrad was best characterized by:
 Definition
a gradual breakdown in German morale until the Germans were surrounded adn forced to surrender.
Term
The naval battle in the Pacific that is considered the turning point of teh war and established US naval supremacy in the area was:
 Definition
Midway.
Term
In order to open up a "second front" in Western Europe, the Allies:
 Definition
invaded Normandy in June 1944, carrying out the greatest naval invasion in history.
Term
In pursuing the war against the Axis powers, the Grand Alliance demanded of its opponents:
 Definition
unconditional surrender.
Term
The final human death toll of WWII may have numbered as high as:
 Definition
50 million.
Term
The Nazi Empire was:
 Definition
never organized systematically or governed efficiently, despit German claims to the contrary.
Term
The Nazi rule of Europe was most ruthless in:
 Definition
Eastern Europe because the Slavs were considered racially inferior.
Term
Demonstrating again that ever-higher military technology was crucial to the conduct and outcome of WWII, the greatest tank battle of all time was fought in this conflict at:
 Definition
Kursk
Term
Germany's policy of forced labor of conquered people
 Definition
helped cause more resistance to the Nazis.
Term
A major source of resistance to the Nazis came from:
 Definition
Communists throughout Europe, especially after the invasion of Russia in 1941.
Term
The conference that established teh procedures for the "Final Solution" occurred at:
 Definition
Wannsee
Term
Hitler's Final Solution to hte Jewish problem called for
 Definition
the extermination of all European Jews.
Term
In the Holocaust, the Germans killed six million or more people who were Jewish as well as other victims deemed undesirable. To murder so many innocent civilians in so short a time, the Germans:
 Definition
created vast death camps where victims were systematically murdered in gas chambers and their bodies then burned in huge ovens.
Term
Besides the Jews, another group singled out by the Nazis for extermination were the:
 Definition
Gypsies.
Term
The Nazi Einsatgruppen were:
 Definition
special strike forces used in Eastern Europe that proceeded to round up and kill Jewish people.
Term
The only country to use women as combatants in WWII was
 Definition
The Soviet Union
Term
The brunt of the Soviet war effort was borne by
 Definition
the peasants.
Term
The mobilization of hte US for war did NOT include:
 Definition
the movement of industrial factors from the coasts to the interior heartland.
Term
In the USSR, the pressures of mobilization for total war produced:
 Definition
the supercentralization of government authority and planning in the hands of Stalin adn the communist bureaucracy.
Term
When Germany went to war in 1939,
 Definition
the populace was euphoric as in 1914.
Term
Civilian bombing was done mainly
 Definition
to break teh will of a people to resist.
Term
Atomic bombs were dropped on the Japanese cities of:
 Definition
Hiroshima and Nagasaki.
Term
In the Allied bombing strategy, Americans participated
 Definition
primarily in daytime, precision bombing of german strategic targets.
Term
Allied bombing raids on German civilians
 Definition
contray to expectations, produced stubborn resistance from teh German people.
Term
The official reason for dropping atomic bombs on Japan was
 Definition
to save the hundreds of thousands of American lives it was calculated that a US-led invasion of Japan would cost.
Term
The chief concern of the Allies at the Tehran, Yalta, and Potsdam conferences was
 Definition
determining spheres of influence for the individual allied powers in post-war Europe.
Term
Following WWII, Germany was
 Definition
divided into four zones of occupation under US, British, French, and Russian administration.
Term
The chief argument between Truman and Stalin at Potsdam in July of 1945 was over:
 Definition
free elections in Eastern Europe.
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