Term
| What were key differences between the Netherlands and other 17th and 18th century European nations? |
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Definition
| They were a republic, had greater religious toleration, and were economically prosperous. |
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Term
| What was the leading banking center of Europe during the mid-eighteenth century? |
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Definition
| Amsterdam, The Netherlands |
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Term
| What were the foundations of Dutch economic achievement? |
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Definition
| Urbanization, transformed agriculture, extensive trade and finance, and an overseas commercial empire. |
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Term
| What was the cause of the economic Decline of the Netherlands in the 18th Century? |
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Definition
| The death of William II of Britain in 1702 ended the time of political unity through a strong stadholder. The 7 provinces prevented a new one from taking power. The British gained naval supremacy. |
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Term
| Who succeeded Louis XIV and who was his regent? |
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Definition
| His grandson, 5 year old Louis XV and regent the duke of Orleans. |
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Term
| What did John Law believe was the solution to France's economic problems? |
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Definition
| An increase in paper-money supply would stimulate France's economic recovery.[image] |
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Term
| What was the Mississippi Bubble? |
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Definition
| John Law's financial scheme which resulted in "burst" on February 1720 when all gold payments were halted in France because the bank could not provide it to redeem paper money. |
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Term
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Definition
| The parlements could not legislate, they chose to recognize the legality of acts. There were many of them, they were courts dominated by the nobility. |
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Term
| Pragmatic Sanction (1713) |
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Definition
| The instrument that Charles VI used to assure his daughter Marie Theresa inheritance of the Habsburg Empire. It was breached by Frederick II when he invaded Silesia. |
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Term
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Definition
| "Let sleeping dogs lie"
This was Robert Walpole's favorite Slogan which was directed to pursue peace.[image] |
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Term
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Definition
The monopoly which John Law organized and which did the following things:
"1. Issued paper money
2. Organized a monopoly on trading privileges w/ Louisiana
3. Managed the national debt by issuing its own stock"
Know its failure! |
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Term
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Definition
| Managed british national debt. Wen the price of the stock soared there was a crash. Walpol intervened and became the hero. (kinda like-a English Mississippi Bubble...) |
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Term
| Political Life in England 18th Century |
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Definition
| "Characterized by freedom - newspapers and debate, freedom of speech, no large standing army, Tories openly opposed the king; limits were imposed on Walpole's power; Parliament was responsive to popular pressure" |
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Term
| Cardinal Fleury(1653-1743) |
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Definition
| Realist french monarchy serving clerical politician. Wanted peace and solved part of France's financial problems(couldn't fully because of nobles/church did were not taxed...), but failed at prepared Louis XV to be an effective monarch. |
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Term
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Definition
| Governing bodies not allowed to legislate, but given the authority to approve or disapprove of royal law; duke of Orleans gave the parlements full authority, and so they became a center for resistance to the king's laws (18th Century) |
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Term
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Definition
"Initially: supported a strong monarchy, low taxes, and Anglicanism
But then: favored peace in the war with France and, finding themselves at odds with the Whigs, rally behind James Edward
And so: when George became king, Tories were denied public office and patronage" |
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Term
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Definition
| "German line of inheritance to the English throne; began with King George I after the Act of Settlement" |
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Term
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Definition
| "Initially: favored Parliamentary sovreignty, commercial interests, and religious toleration
But then: sought the favor of future King George I, so they support German interests in the war with France; the plan works
And so: When George becomes king, Whigs are allowed public office and patronage"[image] |
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Term
| Maritime Nations Influence factors |
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Definition
naval strength, economic progress, foreign trade, domenstic administration
conflicts occured on high seas and empires more than in europe
established borders with populations that accepted government authority |
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Term
| Maritime Nations Influence factors |
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Definition
naval strength, economic progress, foreign trade, domenstic administration
conflicts occured on high seas and empires more than in europe
established borders with populations that accepted government authority |
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Term
| Central/Eastern Europe Factors |
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Definition
| Economically less advanced, agrarian economies, more serfs, no empires(overseas) little overseas trade, princes ad principalities did not want to centralize |
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Term
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Definition
| Headstrong, maybe insan King of Sweden who led brilliant campaign in the Great Northern War.Was defeated at Battle of Poltava and sought refuge in Turkey.[image] |
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Term
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Definition
| 1700-1721 Sweden/Russia War CharlesXII/Peter the Great in which Russian conquered large section of eastern Baltic, and Prussia part of Pomerania.[image] |
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Term
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Definition
| units through which the ottoman sultens governed their empire through. Officially recognized religious communities which had specific laws to those who belonged to them |
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Definition
| non islamic persons in the ottoman empire. allowed to practice religion, though second class citizens |
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Term
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Definition
| special polls tax which dhimmis paid |
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Term
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Definition
| practice of recruiing elite troops from Christian communities to ensure loyalty to Ottoman empire. These boys were raised as muslims and organized into elite military units. |
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Term
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Definition
| Most famous infantry troops of Christian elite troops (devshirme)[image] |
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Term
| In the ottorman empire, was it believed to be better to be a favored slave, or a free subject? |
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Definition
| A favored slave. This is because the practice of devshirme combined the elite army with the administration of the empire |
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