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| The attitude of a writer, usually implied toward the subject or audience. |
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| Intended to establish the truth of specific understanding and the falsity of the contrary position. Mostly seen in arguments about very controversial topics. |
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| A logical fallacy that involves the creation of an easily refutable position: misrepresenting, then attacking an opponet's position. |
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| Use of similar forms in writing for nouns, verbs, phrases or thoughts. Acts as an organizing force to attract a reader's attention, add emphasis, or simply provide musical rhythm. |
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| Word choice an author makes. |
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| An argument attacking an individual's character rather than their position on an issue. |
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| Repetition of the last word of a preceding clause; word is used at the end of a sentence and then used again at the beginning of the next sentence. |
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| A series without conjunctions. |
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| Use of more conjuctions than necessary or natural for rhetorical effect. |
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| Parallel structure in which the parallel elements are similar not only in grammatical structure but also in length. |
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| A reluctant acknowledgement on yielding |
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| Mistaken substitution of one word for another similar sounding word. |
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| Use of humor to emphasize human weakness or imperfections in social institutions. |
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| Harsh, cutting language to ridicule or hurt someone or something. |
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| The use of words to convey the opposite of their actually meaning. |
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| Contradictory statement that contains some truth |
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| Repetition of words in an inverted order to sharpen contrast. |
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| Tense statement which expresses a general truth or moral principle. |
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Using one part of an object to represent an entire object.
Ex.Referring to a car as wheels. |
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A word usually a verb or adjective is applied to two or more nouns without being repeated; often used for comic effect.
Ex.The thief took my wallet and the fifth avenue bus. |
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Substituting the name of one object for another object closely associated with it.
Ex.The White House said being used instead of the president said |
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