Term
|
Definition
| all offspring inherit the same number and kinds of genes from a single parent |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a process involving meiosis, formation of gametes, and fertilization. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the sum total of chromosomes in cells of a given type |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the cell has a pair of each type of chromosome, often from the two parents |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| each pair has the same length, shape, and assortment of genes and they line up with each other at meiosis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| meiosis reduced the parental chromosome number by half |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| chromosomes become visible as threadlike forms. each pairs with its homologue and usually swaps segments with it. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| microtubules from one spindle pole have tethered one of each type of chromosome; microtubules from the other pole have tethered its homologue. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| microtubules attached to each chromosome shorten and move it toward a spindle pole. other microtubules ratchet past each other and push the two poles farther apart. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| one of each type of chromosome has now arrived at the spindle poles. the cytoplasm divides, forming two haploid cells. all chromosomes are still duplicated. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a new bipolar spindle forms in each haploid cell. microtubules have moved one member of the pair of centrioles to the opposite end of each cell. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| microtubules from both spindle poles have assembled and disassembled in a tug-of-war that ended at metaphase 2, when all chromosomes are posititoned midway between the poles |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the attachment between sister chromatids of each chromosome breaks. each is now a separate chromosome but is still tethered to microtubules. a parcel of unduplicated chromosomes ends up near each pole which each type of chromosome is present. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| four nuclei form as a new neuclear envelope encloses each cluster of chromosomes. after cytoplasmic division, each of the resulting daughter cells has a haploid number of chromosomes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a molecular interaction between a chromatid of one chromosome and a chromatid of the homologous partner |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a haploid reproductive cell that is not a gamete and does not take part in fertilization |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| type of mature male gamate |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a time when a female and male gamete unite and their haploid nuclei fuse |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a single-celled alga of freshwater habitats. their cells reproduce asexually by mitotic cell division |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| genetically identical copies of the parent |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the other chromatid when attached |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| 23 chromosomes inherited from your mother |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| 23 chromosomes inherited from your father |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| multicelled spore-producing body that makes sexual spores by way of meiosis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| at some point the spore undergoes mitotic cell divisions that give rise to them |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| descendent of one of the earliest eukaryotic lineages which doesn't have a mitochondria and it doesn't form a bipolar spindle during mitosis. this single-celled parasite has never been observed to reproduce sexually, yet it has gene products that serve in meiosis in higher eukaryotes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| chromosomes duplicated earlier in diploid body cell, in interphase. they condense. a spindle forms; chromosomes tethered to its poles |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| all chromosomes aligned at the spindle equator |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| sister chromatids of each chromosome moved to opposite spindle poles |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| two diploid nuclei form. after cytoplasmic division, two diploid body cells. |
|
|
