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Adenosine Triphosphate
Cellular Energy |
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| Movement across the cell membrane that requires energy |
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| Processes, such as cellular respiration, that require oxygen. |
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| Processes, such as fermentation, that do not require oxygen |
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| A type of reproduction involving only one parent; binary fission is an example. |
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Division into two organisms
approximately equal in size.
A form of asexual reproduction.
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| Abnormal cell growth and division |
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| Molecules of living things are mainly assembled around what molecule? |
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| A factor that speeds up a reaction. |
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| Mitosis and meiosis are two types of ____________. |
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| a repeating sequence of cell growth and division. |
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| a specialized structure on the chromosome, appearing during cell division as the constricted central region where the two chromatids are held together and form an X shape. |
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pigment that absorbs light for photosynthesis |
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| The two exact copies of DNA that make up each chromosome. |
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| Thick bodies observed during mitosis, consisting of the DNA, that carry the genes. Humans have 23 pairs. |
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Bond formed when electrons are shared. |
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| The exchange of information between homologous chromosomes during Prophase I of meiosis. |
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| the process during cell division where the cytoplasm divides |
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| The movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration. |
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| an organism or cell having double the basic haploid number of chromosomes. |
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| The negatively charged subatomic particles that orbit the nucleus of an atom. |
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A step in both photosynthesis and cellular respiration that produces energy. Negative particles are passed along a membrane by carrier molecules.
[image] |
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An internal membrane transport system.
Where lipid components of cell membranes are made.
It sometimes has ribosomes attached. |
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| A protein that speeds up chemical reactions. |
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Process that follows glycolysis when no oxygen is present.
Forms either lactic acid or ethyl alcohol |
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| A mature sexual reproductive cell, a sperm or egg, that unites with another cell to form a new organism |
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| A segment of DNA that codes for a protein or RNA molecule. |
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| The first stage of cellular respiration |
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Golgi Body
Golgi Apparatus |
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| . an organism or cell having only one complete set of chromosomes, ordinarily half the normal diploid number. |
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| Living things maintaining a relatively stable internal environment |
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| 2 chromosomes that are similar in size, shape and genetic content. |
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HH or gg
Containing two identical alleles for a trait |
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| The part of the cell cycle between divisions. Includes the G1, S and G2 phases. |
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| Bond involving the transfer of electrons |
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atom of an element that differs in the number of neutrons compared with other atoms of the same element |
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The usual method of cell division for body cells.
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| A simple sugar; the monomer of carbohydrates |
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The control center of the cell.
Contains DNA. |
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The ribosomes, vacuoles, Golgi body and other parts of the cell are called _________.
This word means little organs. |
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| Photosynthesis produces sugar, water and _____. |
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| The process used by plants to convert the energy from sunlight to chemical energy. |
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| A chemical, such as chlorophyll or carotene, that absorbs certain wavelengths of light. |
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| Cells that do not contain membrane bound organelles and do not have a nucleus. |
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| A polymer that consists of a long chain of amino acids. |
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| The positively charged particle in the nucleus of the atom. |
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| Small particles made of RNA and protein which make proteins |
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Spindles
or
spindle fibers |
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Definition
| cell structures made of both centrioles and microtubules involved in moving chromosomes during cell division. |
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| Property of water that allows some animals to walk across a pond - results from cohesion |
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| 2 sets of homologous chromosomes.[image] |
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| A mass of rapidly dividing cells. |
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| Cell part responsible for storage |
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| These two scientists are credited with the discovery of the structure and function of DNA. |
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| A fertilized egg cell; the cell produced by the union of two gametes. |
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| The scale used to measure H+ concentration. Will tell if something is an acid, base, or neutral. |
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• First stage of photosynthesis
• Light energy is absorbed, water is split to produce O2 gas, and ATP and NADPH are produced. |
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| •A chain of amino acids that makes up protein. |
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| The building blocks of protein. |
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| Metabolic processes involving the breakdown of molecules and release of energy. |
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| Type of covalent bond resulting from the unequal sharing of electrons. |
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| Compounds with the same molecular fromula, but different structures and different properties. |
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| The monomers combine with each other via covalent bonds to form larger molecules known as polymers. In doing so, monomers release water molecules as byproducts. This term means "to put together while losing water. |
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| The three dimensional shape of a protein. A single polypeptide chain "backbone" with one or more proteins. Amino acid side chains may interact and bond in a number of ways. |
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| Membrane proteins that serve as channels in the transfer of water, and in some cases, small solutes across the membrane. |
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