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| The second major wave of immigrants where about 25 million immigrants entered the US |
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| they called for free coinage of silver and paper money; national income tax; direct election of senators; regulation of railroads; and other government reforms to help farmers. |
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| Where blacks and poor whites were forced to share land with rich white folk enable to survive after slavery. |
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| were laws passed on the state and local level in the United States to restrict the civil rights and civil liberties of African Americans, particularly former slaves. |
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| Irish miners that employed the tactics of intimidation and violence in a confrontation against the hard coal mining companies in the 19th century. |
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| American Federation of Labor |
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| the first labor union in the US |
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| was an American political leader, educator and author. |
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| authorized the President of the United States to survey Native American tribal land and divide the area into allotments for the individual Native Americans |
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| was the first United States federal government action to limit monopolies. |
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| Settlement House Movement |
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| The time when houses were set up for immigrants to live while trying to start their lives in the US |
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| was an American lawyer, statesman, and politician. He was a three-time Democratic Party nominee for President of the United States. |
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| An Indian-American battle fought near Little Bighorn river in Eastern Montana Territory |
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| the idea that American exceptionalism and vitatlity have always been the American frontier |
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| is a collection of many different ways of thinking |
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| denied the President the ability to remove someone of their government office |
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| Served two terms in Congress and started two major newspapers |
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| were a series of laws passed in western states of the United States after the American Civil War to regulate grain elevator and railroad freight rates |
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| was an American political economist and the most influential proponent of the "Single Tax" on land. He is the author of Progress and Poverty, written in 1879. |
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| is a United States federal law enacted in response to the Fourth Coinage Act demonetizing silver. |
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| was an American lawyer, politician, United States Attorney General in 1860-61 and Secretary of War through most of the American Civil War and Reconstruction era. |
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| was a farmers' movement involving the affiliation of local farmers into area "granges" to work for their political and economic advantages. |
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| an ecumenical service organization based on Christian values. It was founded as a network of Protestant parachurch organizations. Used to be an all male organization. |
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| refers to a large, mostly unimproved section of land that is predominantly used for livestock grazing. |
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| when 50,000 Pullman Palace Car Company workers reacted to a 25% wage cut by going on a wildcat strike in Illinois on May 11, 1894, bringing traffic west of Chicago to a halt. |
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| was a United States landscape architect, famous for designing many well-known urban parks, including Central Park and Prospect Park in New York City. |
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| is an equitable remedy in the form of a court order that either prohibits or compels a party from continuing a particular activity. |
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| The time when the Fourth Coinage Act was enacted by the United States Congress in 1873 and embraced the gold standard and de-monetized silver. |
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| was a 19th-century American author who wrote 135 dime novels. Though often repetitive, Alger's novels remain popular. As bestsellers in their own time, Alger's books rivaled those of Mark Twain in popularity. |
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| was a United States federal law passed that stipulated the conditions for the withdrawal of United States troops remaining in Cuba since the Spanish-American War, and defined the terms of Cuban-U.S. relations |
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| was an American industrialist and philanthropist who played a pivotal role in the establishment of the oil industry, and defined the structure of modern philanthropy. |
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| Women's Christian Temperance Union |
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| is the oldest continuing non-sectarian women's organization in the U.S. and worldwide. |
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| was used for someone who came to the United States from Northern or Western Europe during the second wave of immigration in the history of independent US |
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| officially abolished, and continues to prohibit, slavery, and, with limited exceptions, prohibits involuntary servitude; It requires the states to provide equal protection under the law to all persons (not only to citizens) within their jurisdictions; provides that governments in the United States may not prevent a citizen from voting because of his race, color, or previous status as a slave. |
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| Bread and Butter Unionism |
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| many workers turned away from utopian ideas establishing producer cooperatives emphasizing better pay, higher wages, and improved working conditions. |
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| was a conflict between the Kingdom of Spain and the United States of America. The war ended in victory for the United States and decimation of the Spanish empire in the Caribbean and Pacific. |
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| was the first national labor federation in the United States. |
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| was an American writer best known as the author of Ramona, a novel about the ill-treatment of Indians in Southern California. |
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| was a Protestant Christian intellectual movement that was most prominent in the late 19th century and early 20th century. Social Gospel principles continue to inspire newer movements such as Christians Against Poverty. |
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| is chauvinistic patriotism, usually with a hawkish political stance. In practice, it refers to sections of the general public who advocate bullying other countries or using whatever means necessary to safeguard a country's national interests. |
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| was a United States Navy officer, geostrategist, and educator. |
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| describes a type of ownership and control. It is a strategy used by a business or corporation that seeks to sell a type of product in numerous markets. To get this market coverage, several small subsidiary companies are created. Each markets the product to a different market segment or to a different geographical area. |
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| was a federal agency that was formed during Reconstruction to aid distressed refugees of the American Civil War. It became primarily an agency to help the freed slaves in the South. |
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| were a series of conflicts between the United States and various subgroups of the Sioux people that occurred in the latter half of the 19th century. |
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| refers to the post-Civil War and post-Reconstruction era, from 1865 to 1901, which saw unprecedented economic, territorial, industrial, and population expansion. |
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| in Chicago, inspired the caricature of "a bomb-throwing anarchist." The causes of the incident are still controversial, although deeply polarized attitudes separating the business class and the working class |
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| were Southern White people who joined the Republican party in the ex-Confederate South during Reconstruction. |
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| was an informal, unwritten deal that settled the disputed 1876 U.S. Presidential election. |
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| was an address by Booker T. Washington. Given to a predominantly White audience at the Cotton States and International Exposition in Atlanta, Georgia |
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| was an American philosopher, psychologist, and educational reformer, whose thoughts and ideas have been greatly influential in the United States and around the world. |
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| was a famous caricaturist and editorial cartoonist in the 19th century and is considered to be the father of American political cartooning. |
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| Sherman Silver Purchase Act |
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| While not authorizing the free and unlimited coinage of silver that the Free Silver supporters wanted, it increased the amount of silver the government was required to purchase every month. |
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| federal law that established the United States Civil Service Commission, which placed most federal employees on the merit system and marked the end of the so-called "spoils system." |
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| is an evangelical Christian denomination founded in 1865 by one time Methodist minister William Booth. It is a part of the mainstream Christian Church and has as its objectives. |
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| was a United States Supreme Court case dealing with corporate rates and agriculture. The Munn v. Illinois case allowed states to regulate certain businesses within their borders, including railroads. |
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| was a regulatory body in the United States created by the Interstate Commerce Act of 1887, which was signed into law by President Grover Cleveland. The agency was abolished in 1995, and the agency's remaining functions were transferred to the Surface Transportation Board. |
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| was an American architect, called the "father of modernism". He is considered by many as the creator of the modern skyscraper |
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| is an offshoot of golf which is focused on hitting a golf ball for pure distance within a target grid. |
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| was the governor of the U.S. state of Illinois. He was the first Democratic governor of that state since the 1850s. |
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| was the chief of the band of Nez Perce Indians during General Oliver O. Howard's attempt to forcibly remove his band and the other "non-treaty" Indians to a reservation in Idaho. |
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| was an American financier and banker, who dominated corporate finance and industrial consolidation. |
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| was a speech delivered by William Jennings Bryan wanting to standardize the value of the dollar to silver and opposed pegging the value of the United States dollar to a gold standard. |
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| was an African American civil rights advocate, who was a fearless anti-lynching crusader, suffragist, women's rights advocate, journalist and speaker. |
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| a period in United States history that resolved the issues of the American Civil War when both the Confederacy and its system of slavery were destroyed. The period of Reconstruction addressed the return of the southern states that had seceded, the status of ex-Confederate leaders |
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| was a landmark United States Supreme Court case upholding segregation and the constitutionality of the "separate but equal" doctrine. |
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| was a Hungarian-American publisher best known for posthumously establishing the Pulitzer Prizes and for originating yellow journalism. |
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| was a labor union founded as a fraternal organization; it was designed to protect all who worked for a living. |
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| In exchange for working on the owner's land, the sharecropper would give some of his harvest as payment. |
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| a writing by Helen Hunt Jackson, chronicles the experiences of Native Americans in the United States, focusing on examples of injustices. |
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| was an essay written by Andrew Carnegie that described the responsibility of philanthropy by the new upper class of self-made rich; who's central thesis was the peril of allowing large sums of money to be passed into the hands of persons or organizations ill-equipped mentally or emotionally to cope with them. |
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| is a pejorative reference to journalism that features scandal-mongering, sensationalism, jingoism or other unethical or unprofessional practices by news media organizations or individual journalists. |
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| is the idea that biological ideas can be extended and applied to the social realm. |
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| describes a style of ownership and control. Vertically integrated companies are united through a hierarchy and share a common owner. |
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| the belief that a woman's role in marriage was to: 1. Maintain the home as a refuge for her husband, 2. train the children, and 3. set a moral example for children to follow. |
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| was a Chinese rebellion against foreign influence in areas such as trade, politics, religion and technology that occurred in China during the final years of the Qing Dynasty. |
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| was an American labor and political leader. Gompers founded the American Federation of Labor (AFL) and held the position as president of the organization for all but one year |
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| gave further rights to the freed slaves after the end of the American Civil War. This act was the Republicans' counterattack against the Black Codes in the South. |
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| was an organized agrarian economic movement among U.S. farmers that flourished in the 1880s. |
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| were state and local laws enacted in the Southern and border states of the United States and affected Asians and many other races. The most important laws required that public schools and most public places have separate facilities for whites and blacks.Jim |
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| were a great political coalition in the Southern United States during the Reconstruction era, who sought to overthrow the Radical Republican Negro Lovers coalition of Freedmen, carpetbaggers and Scalawags. |
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| the purchase of the Alaskian Territory from Russia by the US |
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| was an American author, most famous for his utopian novel set in the year 2000, Looking Backward, |
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| "waving the bloody shirt" |
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| a symbol referring to the gore of the Civil War |
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| was an American politician and head of Tammany Hall, the name given to the Democratic Party political machine that played a major role in New York City politics. He was convicted and eventually imprisoned for stealing millions of dollars from the city through graft. |
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| John Heyl Vincent and Lewis Miller proposed to a Methodist Episcopal camp meeting that secular as well as religious instruction be included in the summer Sunday-school institute. |
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| is the colloquial term where freed slaves were awarded 40 acres (16 ha) of land to farm, and a mule with which to drag a plow so the land could be cultivated. |
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| was a protest march by unemployed workers from the United States, led by the populist Jacob Coxey. |
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| was a United States federal law passed that allowed the U.S. to suspend immigration, and Congress subsequently acted quickly to implement the suspension of Chinese immigration. |
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| was a Scottish-American businessman, a major and widely respected philanthropist, and the founder of the Carnegie Steel Company which later became U.S. Steel. |
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| stated that when the United States defeated the Spanish Occupants in Cuba, it would give the Cubans their freedom and independent control of their affairs. |
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| the last major armed conflict between the Lakota Sioux and the United States; troops ventured too close to the line and shooting broke out resulting in 240 fatalities. |
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| it became a national organization and quickly rose to become the most powerful prohibition lobby in America. It drew most of its support from pietistic Protestants and their ministers, especially Methodists, Congregational, Disciples, and Baptists. |
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| a Danish-American muckraker journalist, photographer, and social reformer. He is known for his dedication to using his photographic and journalistic talents to help the less fortunate |
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