Term
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Definition
| Arteries and Veins and Capillaries |
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Term
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Definition
(elastic & muscular)
• Vessels that carry blood away from the heart (always)
• All except pulmonary artery carry oxygenated blood (usually)
• Divide into smaller vessels - the arterioles |
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Term
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Definition
• Vessels that carry blood toward the heart (always)
• All except pulmonary veins carry deoxygenated blood (usually)
• Form from a merging of small veins called venules |
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Term
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Definition
• Microscopic vessels that carry blood from arterioles to venules
• May be true, continuous, and fenestrated (have little pores or holes in them. They are found in the kidneys) |
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Term
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Definition
| • Outer coat (tunica adventitia or externa) • Muscle coat (tunica media) • Lining (tunica intima) |
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Term
| • Outer coat (tunica adventitia or externa) |
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Definition
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Term
| • Muscle coat (tunica media) |
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Definition
| smooth muscle, elastic and fibrous tissue |
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Term
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Definition
| endothelium - simple squamous epithelium |
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Term
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Definition
| - same three coats but thinner and fewer elastic fibers (Thinner walls and not as many muscle fibers) |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| – Arteries/arterioles function |
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Definition
| carry blood away from heart to capillaries |
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Term
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Definition
| deliver materials to cells and collect substances from them; vital function of entire circulatory system |
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Term
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Definition
carry blood from capillaries back to heart
Valves are only in veins, not arteries |
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Term
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Definition
| blood flow through closed circuit of vessels |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| blood flow from left ventricle into aorta to all parts of body and back to right atrium of heart |
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Term
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Definition
| blood flow from right ventricle to pulmonary artery to lungs to pulmonary veins to left atrium |
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Term
| • Control of arterial blood pressure |
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Definition
volume of blood in arteries
(Blood pressure drops when dehydrated)
cardiac output (CO) and peripheral resistance |
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Term
| – CO is determined by stroke volume and heart rate |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| force or strength of ventricular contraction; stroke volume usually determined by Starling’s law o f the heart |
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Term
| • Heart rate is regulated by |
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Definition
| baroreceptors and other factors |
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Term
| – Peripheral resistance determined mainly by |
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Definition
| blood viscosity, arteriole diameter, length, and pressure |
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Term
| • Blood viscosity determined by |
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Definition
| concentration of blood proteins and blood cells; less blood viscosity, less peripheral resistance |
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Term
| • Vasomotor or vasoconstrictor control |
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Definition
| mechanism plays important role in control of changes in diameter of arterioles; center located in medulla (pg 817) |
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Term
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Definition
– Movement of water and dissolved substances, except plasma proteins, through capillary walls
– Mostly by diffusion
– Dependent upon several opposing forces or pressures (pg 813) |
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Term
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Definition
| due to pressure of water in fluids |
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Term
| • Blood hydrostatic pressure (BHP) |
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Definition
| - moves fluid out of capillaries into interstitial fluid (35 mm Hg arterial, 16 mm Hg venous) (small to big vessel)[out of blood] |
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Term
| • Interstitial fluid hydrostatic pressure (IFHP) |
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Definition
| moves fluid out of interstitial fluids and into capillaries (0 mm Hg both ends) (Big vessel to small) [into blood] |
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Term
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Definition
| due to presence of nondiffusible proteins in blood and interstitial fluid |
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Term
| • Blood colloid osmotic pressure (BCOP) |
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Definition
| - moves fluid from interstitial spaces into capillaries (26 at both ends) |
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Term
| • Interstitial fluid osmotic pressure (IFOP) |
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Definition
| moves fluid out of capillaries and into interstitial fluid (1 mm both ends) |
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Term
| – Net filtration pressure (NFP) or effective filtration pressure (Peff) |
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Definition
| NFP = (BHP + IFOP) - (IFHP + BCOP) |
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Term
| – Starling’s law of capillaries |
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Definition
equilibrium between fluid out and fluid in with lymphatics
(Don’t remember numbers, remember the directions that fluid are pushed!) |
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Term
| • Important factors influencing venous return to heart |
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Definition
| Respirations and skeletal muscle |
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Term
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Definition
| the deeper the respirations, the greater the venous return tends to be |
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Term
| – Skeletal muscle contractions serve as |
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Definition
| “booster pumps” that tend to increase venous return |
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Term
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Definition
| Blood Pressure, Velocity of blood, Pulse |
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Term
| Blood pressure is measured with |
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Definition
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Term
| systolic pressure normal range |
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Definition
| 120-140 mm Hg and diastolic pressure about 80-90 mm Hg |
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Term
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Definition
| spurts because of difference in amounts of systolic and diastolic pressure |
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Term
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Definition
| slow and steady because of low, practically constant venous pressure |
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Term
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Definition
– Speed with which blood flows
– More rapid in arteries and slowest in capillaries |
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Term
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Definition
| – Alternate expansion and recoil of artery |
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Term
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Definition
| intermittent ejections of blood from heart into aorta with each ventricular contraction; pulse can be felt because of elasticity of arterial walls |
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Term
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Definition
| pulse starts at beginning of aorta and proceeds as wave of expansion throughout arteries |
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Term
| – Where pulse can be felt |
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Definition
| radial, temporal, carotid, facial, brachial, femoral, popliteal, pedal |
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Term
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Definition
| - in large veins only; caused by changes in venous pressure brought about by alternate contraction and relaxation of atria |
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Term
| CHECK OUT BLOOD FLOW DOG! |
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Definition
IMPORTANT!
Look the graphs of the blood vessels running through the body!
Way of flow
put major vessels in order of blood flow
ex)
2_ Inferior Vena Cava
1_ Renal vein 5_ Left Ventricle
6_ Brachiocephalic 7_ Subclavian Artery
4_ Pulmonary vein 3_ Rt. Atrium
pg 864
Ductus Venosus
Umbilical vien and artery
Foramen Canale (Ovale)? |
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