Term
| this disrupt cellular funtion by inserting in between DNA base pair blocking DNA and RNA synthesis, produces free radical, and disrupt fluid and ion transport. |
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Definition
| Doxorubicin/Daunorubicin/idarubicin |
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|
Term
| treat solid tumors in breast, ovary, bladder, endometrium, stomach, lung + hematologic malignancies + kaposi sarcoma in AIDS |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Daunorubicin has to usage |
|
Definition
| acute leukemia and neuroblastoma |
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|
Term
| ibarubicin is used only one disease..and it is the only drug to tx this |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| two drugs could cause cardiac toxicity while tx cancer |
|
Definition
| Trastuzumab and Anthracyclines (Doxorubicin/Daunorubicin/idarubicin) |
|
|
Term
| how does anthracyclines --mainly Doxorubicin causes cardiac toxicity? |
|
Definition
| produces oxygen free radical within myocardial cell. this SE can be largely avoided by keeping doxorubicin doses below 500 and by administering Dexrazoxane which dec free radicals. |
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|
Term
| what is the drug of choice for wilm's (tumor of kidney in peds)tumor? |
|
Definition
| Dactinomycin. (you can also use vincristine ) -- |
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|
Term
| what are two other drugs similar to dactinomycin? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| this drug inhibits DNA-dependent RNA polymerase by intercalating between cytosin-quanine bases pairs of DNA. |
|
Definition
| Dactinomycin/plicamycin/mitomycin |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| bone marrow suppression GI upset,and inc susceptibility of infections. |
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|
Term
| this durg is the only one that is used for paget disease |
|
Definition
| Pilcamycin - also used for testicular cancer |
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|
Term
| this drug is used mostly for tx hypoxic tumor cells in certain solid malignancies |
|
Definition
| Mitomycin - it acts to damage DNA via cross linking of strands |
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|
Term
| this drug binds to DNA and triggers the formation of oxygen radicals. The oxygen radicals then act to damage the DNA, leading to strand breaks and inhibition of DNA synthesis |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| pulmonary fibrosis two medications |
|
Definition
Busulfan and Bleomycin
nitrosurea
mtx |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| testicular cancer and squamous cell carcinoma (head,neck, cervix, skin on penis) --also for hodgkin |
|
|
Term
| two drug that could be used in CML? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| two drugs to tx polycythemia vera |
|
Definition
| Busulfane and hydroxyurea |
|
|
Term
| what drug is similar to ifosfamide? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| this drug is used to supress B and T cells by cross linking DNA--> causing dec DNA and RNA synthesis. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what system is needed for cyclophosphamide to work? |
|
Definition
P-450
cyclophosphamide---is metabolized to a hydroxylated intermediate compound by the cytochrome P-450 system in the liver |
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|
Term
many uses-- but mainly for RA, SLE, Wegner granulomatosis, solid and hematologic malignancies.
how does it work in RA and SLE? |
|
Definition
cyclophosphamide
it is also immunosuppressive agent used for sle and ra |
|
|
Term
| bleeding bladder--- hemorrhage cystitis is caused by what drug and what should be given to avoid this SE? |
|
Definition
cyclophosphamide
hemorrhage cystitis (cause by accumulation of the metabolite, acrolein, in the urine; incidence can be greatly reduced by giving the patient copious fluids as well as MESNA (sodium 2- mercaptoethane sulfonate); bone marrow suppression; GI upset; alopecia; infertility |
|
|
Term
| which alkylating agent is used per MOPP protocol for hodgkins |
|
Definition
| Mechlorethamine and procarbazine |
|
|
Term
| what drug is used for insulinomas? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the main use of nitrosureas drugs? |
|
Definition
| tx for brain tumors, MM, and lymphomas |
|
|
Term
| name 4 drugs that falls under nitrosureas |
|
Definition
| Carmustin, lomustine, semustine and streptozocin (semustine is a streper who drives car(mustin) that is called lomusine) |
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|
Term
| this drug causes nephro and oto toxicity? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Cisplatin is an expensive drug as it is made out of platinum.. what is it used for? |
|
Definition
| Genitourinary tumor (testicular, ovarian, bladder) --- its all about saving the balls and ovaries to have more sex.. |
|
|
Term
| folate is necessary for DNA synthesis but this drug inhibits dihydrofolate reductase the enzyme that transforms folic acid to active form.. what is this drug |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| this drug is chemotherapeutic, immunosuppressant and abortifactient.. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| bone marrow suppression, teratogen, pulmonary toxicity, nephrotoxicity, alopecia, seizures |
|
|
Term
| what drug is given in conjunction with MTX to mini bone marrow suppression? |
|
Definition
Leucovorin (folinic acid)---->
is often given in conjunction with methotrexate to minimize bone marrow suppression, which occurs because of the lack of folate coenzymes. In the cell, leucovorin is converted to N5N10-methylene- FH4 which is a downstream product of the reaction catalyzed by dihydrofolate reductase. Therefore, leucovorin acts to bypass the inhibited enzyme and provides an adequate supply of activated folate. |
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|
Term
| this drug is used to inhibits purine synthesis through feedback inhibition of several enzymes involved in de novo purine synthesis.. |
|
Definition
| • 6-Mercaptopurine (6-MP) |
|
|
Term
| this med is used as immunosuppressant for IBD and psoriasis. it is also for Leukemias and Acute lymphoblastic leukemia and non-hodkin |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what drug is given to increase level of 6-MP (mercaptopurine)? |
|
Definition
| Allopurinol (it inhibits xanthine oxidase which metabolize 6-MP) |
|
|
Term
| what drug is structural analog of 6-MP? |
|
Definition
| o Azathiprine is a structural analog of 6-MP and is converted to 6-MP within the cell |
|
|
Term
| what other drug than 6-MP is used to treat RA, IBD, ITP, SLE and MS |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| only drug that tx Adenocarcinomas of gastric, pancreatic, colon, breast, ovarian and BCC are |
|
Definition
| 5- Flurouracil-- it inhibits thymidylate synthase |
|
|
Term
| AML is tx by converting this drug to araCTP, which acts to competitively inhibits DNA polymerase and thus no DNA is made. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What in alkaloids group could be used for Small cell carcinoma ? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| this drug stop the cell from going in to metaphase by blocking microtublar protein (Tubulin)..leading to dec cellular proliferation. |
|
Definition
| Vincristine and Vinblastine |
|
|
Term
SE of this drug is peripheral neuropathy and GI upset
same class drug cause bone marrow suppression |
|
Definition
vincristine and
vinblastine |
|
|
Term
| myelosuppression is rare with which medication |
|
Definition
vincristine bleomycin
tamoxifen
imatinib
trastuzumab |
|
|
Term
| this drug is competitive estrogen-receptor antagonist. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what are 4 SE of tamoxifen? |
|
Definition
| Inc risk of endometrial cancer, inc risk of thromboembolism, hot flashes and Vaginal bleeding |
|
|
Term
| what is the name of drug that is mixed estrogen agonist/antagonist? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the main use of Raloxifen? |
|
Definition
| treat osteoparosis and reduce risk of invasive breast cancer. |
|
|
Term
| what is the difference between tamoxifen and raloxifene SE wise? |
|
Definition
| raloxifene - not at risk of endometrial cancer |
|
|
Term
| this drug inhibits ribonucleotide reductase |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| this drug treats myeloproliferative disorder and melanoma |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| how does hydroxyurea work in sickle cell disease? |
|
Definition
| it increases level of fetal hemoglobin. |
|
|
Term
| this drug is used to treat hairy cell leukemia which acts by inhibiting adenosine deaminase an enzyme involved in purine nucleotide degradation |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| this pt present with stomach pain and eventually he was dx with GIST- Gastrointestinal stromal tumor. what is the drug you would start him on? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| this drug drug inhibits bcr-abl protein which is a product of philadelphia chromosome in CML. (competitive inhibitors of tyrosine kinase enzymes) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
lady present with HER-2 positive breast cancer. (when HER-2 is overexpressed there is uncontrolled cellular growth).
what drug would start her on? |
|
Definition
| Trastuzumab.used for breast cancer that are HER-2 positive. |
|
|
Term
| which drug SE is neutropenia? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| this drug is used in cardiac pt who are going under stent placement. the stent are coated with it to prevent restenosis. |
|
Definition
| paclitaxel: SE: neurotoxicity and BM. suppression |
|
|
Term
| what two drugs work on S phase? |
|
Definition
| Cytarabine and 5-FU and hydroxyurea |
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