Term
| Sulfonamides are useful against gram ____? |
|
Definition
| neg & pos (broad spectrum) |
|
|
Term
| Sulfonamides are useful in treating ____? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| adverse effects of sulfonamides? |
|
Definition
| rash, nephrotoxicity, photosenstivity |
|
|
Term
| Penicillin G and V (natural) are used mostly for gram ____? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| adverse effects penicillin? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| penicillinase-resistant penicillin drug? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| amoxicillin is useful in treating ______? |
|
Definition
| ear, nose, throat infections |
|
|
Term
| aminopenicillins (amoxicillin/ampicillin) are useful when treating gram _____? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| adverse effects cephalosporins |
|
Definition
| diarrhea, abdominal cramps, rash, pruritus, redness, edema |
|
|
Term
| cefaroline treats _________ |
|
Definition
| broad spectrum, -/+, sometimes MRSA |
|
|
Term
| cefoxitin, cefuroxime treats |
|
Definition
| neg, pos and some anaerobic bacteria |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| imipenem/cilastatin adverse effects? |
|
Definition
| seizures (more common in elderly or renal impaired patients |
|
|
Term
| imipenem/cilastatin treats what? |
|
Definition
| more acutely ill patients w/ bacterial meningitis, intra-abdominal injuries.. joint, bone, skin, soft tissue infections |
|
|
Term
| which class has the broadest antibacterial action of any antibiotics? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| aztreoman is effective against what kind of bacteria |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| aztreoman treats what kind of infections |
|
Definition
| moderate/severe systemic infections and UTI's |
|
|
Term
| adverse effects aztreman? |
|
Definition
| rash, nausea, vomit, diarrhea |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| static, cidal in lg. doses |
|
|
Term
| azithromycin/clarithromycin are used for? |
|
Definition
| upper/ lower resp. infections |
|
|
Term
| Tetracyclines must be avoided in who? |
|
Definition
| patients younger than 8, pregnant or nursing mothers (due to tooth enamel discoloration) |
|
|
Term
| Tetracylcine is often used in what infections? |
|
Definition
| chlamydia, mycoplasma pneumonia, syphilis, rickettsia, lyme |
|
|
Term
| democlocycline used for both ___ and ____? |
|
Definition
| antibacterial, inhibit antidiuretic hormone in SIADH |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| rickettsia, chlamydial, mycoplasmal, spirochetal, anthrax, malaria, acne |
|
|
Term
| tetracylcines treat gram + or -? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| many organisms resistant to others in it's class (complicated skin infections including MRSA and VSE and complicated intraabdominal infections |
|
|
Term
| complicated connective tissue infection? best drug |
|
Definition
| carbapenems - imipenem/cilastatin |
|
|
Term
| aminoglycosides are used to treat |
|
Definition
| resistant virulent infections (MRSA, VRE) |
|
|
Term
| aminoglycoside therapy is monitored due to |
|
Definition
| risk for toxicity (nephron, oto |
|
|
Term
| aminoglycosides serum level needs to be _____ higher than the MIC? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| for pk serum level testing check when for IV and IM |
|
Definition
| 30 min for IV and 1 hr for IM |
|
|
Term
| trough serum levels are tested when? |
|
Definition
| at least 8-12 hrs after completion, (taken before next dose if given). |
|
|
Term
| trough levels above ___mcg/mL are associated w/ greater risks of toxicity for aminoglycosides |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| aminoglycosides medication stem? |
|
Definition
| cin )amikacin, gentamicin, tobramycin, neomycin |
|
|
Term
| Monitor serum creatinine, BUN, pk and trough levels with what med? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| special warning for quinolones |
|
Definition
| black box, ruptured tendons, tendonitis esp. in elderly patients |
|
|
Term
| aminoglycosides should not be used in _______ |
|
Definition
| pregnant or lactating mothers unless life threatening infection |
|
|
Term
| what drug is used to decontaminate the gi tract before sx |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| oxacin ciprofloxacin, levoflaxacin |
|
|
Term
| use quinolones carefully in who? |
|
Definition
| prepubescent children (cartilage development in lab animals)although used in children w/ cycstic fibrosis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| anthrax, resp. and urinary infections |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| reason for giving antiviral for influenza? |
|
Definition
| shorten symptoms by 1-2 days, lessen risk for patients at risk for pneumonia |
|
|
Term
| side effects of antivirals? |
|
Definition
| nausea, vomiting, headache, diarrhea, runny nose |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| first choice for systemic fungal infection. |
|
|
Term
| side effects ampthotericin B? |
|
Definition
| nephrotoxicity, dysrhythmias, neurotoxicity, chills, fever, hypotension, tachycardia, nausea, vomiting (can pretreat for the symptoms) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| hepatotoxicity, leukopenia, anemia |
|
|
Term
| what's a good replacement for amphotericin B? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| side effect of fluconazole? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| side effect voriconazole? |
|
Definition
| hallucinations, increased liver enzymes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| first choice for systemic fungal infection. |
|
|
Term
| side effects ampthotericin B? |
|
Definition
| nephrotoxicity, dysrhythmias, neurotoxicity, chills, fever, hypotension, tachycardia, nausea, vomiting (can pretreat for the symptoms) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| caspofunigin side effects |
|
Definition
| hepatotoxicity, leukopenia, anemia |
|
|
Term
| what's a good replacement for amphotericin B? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| side effect of fluconazole? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| side effect voriconazole? |
|
Definition
| hallucinations, increased liver enzymes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| INH,, PZA, rifampin, ethambutol over 2 months period. Modified if resistance found to one or more of the drugs. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| nasal congestion cold, alergies |
|
|
Term
| antitussives are used best for? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what are the two types of antitussives? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| desxtromethorphan and benzonatate use? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| maint. tx asthma/ COPD, bronchospasm |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| COPD- reduce secretions, indirectly causing bronchodilation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| asthma, chronic bronchitis, emphysema, adjunct tx for COPD. |
|
|
Term
| theophylline adverse effects |
|
Definition
| nausea, vomiting, anorexia, sinus tachycardia, palpitations. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| reduce inflammation of lungs by blocking leukotriene receptor cites |
|
|
Term
| fluticasone corticosteroid side effects |
|
Definition
| pharangeal irritation, cough ,dry mouth, oral fungal infections |
|
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