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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| conversion of amino acids to gluclose |
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Term
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Definition
| higher then normal level of gluclose in the blood |
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Definition
| condition associated with an increased produciton of ketone bodies as a result fo fat metabolism |
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Term
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Definition
| defective metabolism of fat |
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Term
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Definition
| numbness of hands and feet |
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Definition
| acid solution containing molecules of combined hydrogen, phosphorus, and oxegen |
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
| disorder of carbs, protein, and fat metabolism resulting from an imbalance between insulin availability and insulin need |
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Term
| what enables cells to recieve an adequate supply of fuel by regulating the blood gluclose level |
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Definition
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Term
| insulin promotes sell use of___ and___ |
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Definition
| gluclso and carbohydrate storage |
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Term
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Definition
| when blood gluclose levels decrease |
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Term
| what is insulin constantly secreted by |
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Definition
| the beta cells of the pancreas |
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Term
| what happens when blood glucose levels increase |
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Definition
| insulin production increases |
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Term
| can glusclose enter the tissues without insulin |
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Definition
| no, skeletal, muslces, heart, and adipose are all insulin sesntitive tissues |
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Term
| what is the primary function of insulin |
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Definition
| is to promote gluclose utilization by peripheral tissue |
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Term
| insulin enhances the conversion of gluclose to___ in the liver |
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Definition
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Term
| how are fat and protein metabolism affected by insulin |
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Definition
| it inhibits their breakdown and stimulates synthesis and storage of fat and protein |
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Term
| the clusters of cell in the panceras |
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Definition
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Term
| what are two type of islet cells in the pancreas |
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Definition
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Term
| what do the alpha cells secrete |
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Definition
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Term
| what do the beta cells secrete in response to fluctuations in blood gluclose levels |
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Definition
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Term
| insulin and glucagen are___ to eachother |
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Definition
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Term
| what happens to the beta cells as blood gluclose levels rise and fall |
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Definition
| increases, secrete insulin.. fall,glucagen is secreted |
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Term
| what is the normal range of blood gluclose concentration |
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Definition
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Term
| what feedback system is this blood gluclose mechanism |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| a peptide secreated from the betw cell granuels with insulin |
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Term
| amylin works___ with insulin to lower blood sugar in response to ____ |
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Definition
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Term
| what is responsible for most of the gluclose taken from insulin stimulation |
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Definition
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Term
| where is the pancreas located |
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Definition
| behind the stomach, can't be felt |
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Term
| what is it called when a healthy person's beta cells release a small smount of insulin into the bloodstream throughout the day |
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Definition
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Term
| after starting a meal, how long until blood gluclose levels rise to a peak |
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Definition
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Term
| what is stage 1, when a healthy person eats a meal |
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Definition
| stored insulin is immediately released |
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Term
| after phase 1, if the insulin does not meet the demands and the blood sugar rises what happens |
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Definition
| beta cells release more insulin in the bloodstream ( phase 2) |
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Term
| after a meal when will the blood gluclose levels return to 85/mg/dl |
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Definition
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Term
| what happens to blood gluclose levels at sleep |
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Definition
| they drop, consistent with a fasting state |
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Term
| what are the two tissues in the pancreas |
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Definition
| islet of langhans and the acinar |
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Term
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Definition
| esocrine gland in pancreas. excretes juices into the duodeum |
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Term
| islet of langerhans is what type of gland and what 3 cells belong to this group |
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Definition
| endocrine gland, beta, alpha, and delta |
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Term
| what do the beta cells do |
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Definition
| secrete insulin and amylin, lowers blood gluclose levels and stimulates the liver to store excess gluclose the amylin works syngergistically with insulin to lower blood gluclose |
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Term
| what do the alpha cells secret and what does this help to do |
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Definition
| secretes glucagon, maintains blood gluclose by increasing the release of gluclose from the liver into the blood |
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Term
| what do the delta cell secrete and what does this accomplish |
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Definition
| secretes somatostatin, inhibits the release of insulin and glucagons. decreases gastrointestional activity after ingestion of food |
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Term
| what do the body tissues use gluclose for |
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Definition
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Term
| what is insulin and what 4 things does it accomplish |
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Definition
| a hormone,lowers blood sugar, uses gluclose as energy, stores gluclose as glycogen in the liver, and responsible for the conversion of gluclose to fat |
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Term
| when the blood gluclose increases where does the gluclose bind to |
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Definition
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Term
| what is the glute2 receptor |
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Definition
| a gluclose transporter protein that takes gluclose into the beta cell |
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Term
| what can happen if there is an elevated concentration of gluclose within the beta cell |
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Definition
| membran depolarization, nd an influx of extracellular calcium ions |
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Term
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Definition
| stimulates gluclose secreations |
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