Term
| Natural anticholinergics are made from |
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Definition
| are alkaloids of the bella donna plant |
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Term
| Name two naturally occuring anticholinergics and their chemistry structure |
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Definition
| natural occuring anticholinergics include atropine and scopalamine which are teriary amines and can cross the BBB |
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Term
| The structural difference between naturally occuring anticholinergics and the synthetic is |
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Definition
| natural are tertiary amines while syntehtic are quaternary ammoniums withj a charge. |
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Term
| Do anticholinergics bind reversible or irreversible to muscarinic receptors |
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Definition
| reversible binding to M receptors |
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Term
| the two MOA of anticholinergics are |
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Definition
1. inhibition of adenylate cyclase
2. alter permeability to Ca in the cell membrane. |
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Term
| Where are M2 receptors found |
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Definition
| heart, CNS, airway smooth muscle |
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Term
| Where are M1 receptors found |
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Definition
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Term
| Which M receptors responsible for increasing hydrogen ion secretion |
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Definition
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Term
| Which M receptors can cause bradycardia and bronchial constriction |
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Definition
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Term
| Which M receptors cause salivation |
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Definition
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Term
| which M receptors work via cGMP, phspholipase C and calcium mobilization |
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Definition
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Term
| Which M recceptors work via inhibition of adenylyl cyclase A |
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Definition
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Term
| Acronym sludge stands for what |
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Definition
For the agonist affects of cholinergic agents
S: Salivation
L: Lacrimation
U:Urination
D: Defication
G: Gastric secretions
E: Emesis |
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Term
| Onset of atropine compared to glycopyrolate |
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Definition
Atropine 1 min
Glcyo 2 min |
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Term
| Which Anticholinergic is mostly broken down by plasma esterases |
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Definition
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Term
| Which drug has the highest levels unchanged and released in urine *glyco, atropine or scop |
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Definition
| Glyco. Its got the largest charge so it loves h20 and stays in urine |
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Term
| which anticholinergic is broken down most by hepatic metabolism |
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Definition
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Term
| At what dose of atropine will you have possible some slowing of HR |
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Definition
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Term
| Whats the minimal dose of atropine to cause increase HR |
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Definition
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Term
| treatment of eyes with anti-ach will causes meosis or mydriasis |
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Definition
| myadrisis dilation of eyes if you give a drug like scop or atorpine ect.. |
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Term
| atropine is paried with what anticholinesterase |
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Definition
| atropine and edrophonium paired |
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Term
| Name a side effect when giving a anticholinergic as a bronchodilator |
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Definition
| can THICKEN secretions as a result of its drying properties. So despite dilating it can create dry thick mucus plugs |
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Term
| a side effect of anisorcoria is seen with which anticholinergic |
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Definition
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Term
| the anticholinergic with the best antisialagogue effect is |
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Definition
| scopalamine > glcyo > atropine |
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Term
| The anti-AcH with best effect of mydriasis in order greatest to least |
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Definition
| SCop > atropine. No effect from glyco |
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Term
| name some patients anti-AcH should be avoided in |
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Definition
1. alheimers
2. glaucoma
3. Obstructive uropathy
4. paralytic ileous
5. toxic megacolon
6. myasthenia graiva |
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Term
| Describe some signs of increasing ocular pressure and what the treatment is |
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Definition
May be from Anti-Ach drugs. You get increase ocular pressure. Sx include SUDDEN headach, severe eye pain, decreased vision.
Treatment:
1. optho consul
2. diamox
3. possible need laser iridotomy to relieve pressure. |
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