Term
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Definition
| Strep, Staph, Enterococci, Corynebacterium, Listeria |
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Term
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Definition
| E. coli, salmonella, yersinia, Klebsiella, H. Flu, M. Cat, pseudomonas, Legionella |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| Moraxella, Neisseria, E. coli, Klebsiella, Enerobacter, Salmonella, Psuedomonas, H. Flu |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Bacteroides, Fusobacterium |
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Term
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Definition
| Pen, Ceph, Thienamycins, Monobactams |
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Term
| Cell Wall non beta Lactam |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Aminoglycosides, Tetracyclins, Macrolides, Lincosamides |
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Term
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Definition
| mostly by gastric acid, some duodenum |
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Term
| Natural Pen: Active against? |
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Definition
| Strep, Enterococcus, T. Pallidum, some anaerobic |
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Term
| Natural Pen: Drug of choice? |
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Definition
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Term
| Aminopen: Active against? |
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Definition
| Strep, Entero (best), T. Pallidum, with gram neg (H. Flu, E. coli, K. pneumo) |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| CSF, renal, joints, ascitic fluid |
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Term
|
Definition
| lung, ascitic fluid, pericardium, synovium, soft tissues |
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Term
| Pen-Resisant PCNs: drugs? |
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Definition
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Term
| Pen-Resistant: active against? |
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Definition
| strep, staph (MSSA, best) |
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Term
| Pen-Resistant: distribution? |
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Definition
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Term
| Carboxypens: active against/ drug name? |
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Definition
Gram neg (pseudomonas)
Ticarcillin |
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Term
| Ureidopenicillin: active against/ drug name? |
|
Definition
Gram neg (pseudomonas, bacteriodes), enterococcal, anaerobes
piperacillin |
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Term
| B lactam inhibitors: active against? |
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Definition
| H. Flu, M. cat, N. gonorr, B. Frag |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| Amoxicillin/ clavulanic acid |
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Term
|
Definition
| Ticarcillin/ clavulanic acid |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
| First Gen Ceph: Drug names? |
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Definition
| cefazolin, cephalexin, cefadroxil |
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Term
| First Gen ceph: Active against? |
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Definition
strep, MSSA (best)
NO ANAEROBIC COVERAGE |
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|
Term
| Second Gen ceph: drug names? |
|
Definition
group 1: cefuroxime, cefaclor
group 2: cefoxitin, cefotetan
GROUP 2= MTT CHAIN |
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Term
| Second Gen ceph: active against? |
|
Definition
group 1= strep, MSSA, some gram neg
group 2= less strep and MSSA, even more gram neg, and B. Frag |
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Term
| Second Gen ceph: distribution? |
|
Definition
group 1= respiratory, CSF
group 2= dirty surgery |
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Term
| Third Gen ceph: drug names? |
|
Definition
| ceftazidime, ceftriaxone, others |
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Term
| Third Gen ceph: active against? |
|
Definition
ceftazidime = anti pseudomonal
Ceftriaxone = meningitis (CSF), lyme |
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Term
| Fourth Gen ceph: drug name? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| Fourth Gen ceph:active against? |
|
Definition
staph and strep. increased gram negative activity (pseudomonas), CSF
most people aren't this sick |
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Term
| Fifth Gen ceph: drug names/active against? |
|
Definition
Ceftaroline: everything, MRSA
Ceftobiprole: MRSA |
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Term
| Thienamycins (Penems): drug names? |
|
Definition
| imipenem (with cliastatin), ertapenem, meropenem |
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Term
| Theienamycins (Penems): active against? |
|
Definition
| most gram posistive aerobes, and almost all gram negative aerobes (except s. maltophilia) and anaerobes |
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Term
| Theienamycins (Penems): facts |
|
Definition
| cell wall active, post antibiotic effect, extremely broad spectrum |
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Term
|
Definition
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|
Term
| Monobactams: active against? |
|
Definition
gram neg aerobic
NO GRAM POS |
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Term
|
Definition
| gentamicin, tobramycin, amikacin, streptomycin |
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Term
|
Definition
| bind to 30s and 50s binding sites |
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|
Term
| Aminoglycosides: normal activity? |
|
Definition
gram neg aerobes (Pseudomonas)
NO ANAEROBIC OR GRAM POS |
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Term
| Aminoglycosides: synergistic activity? |
|
Definition
| synergistic with cell wall drugs for MSSA, MRSA, enterococcus, and pseudomonas |
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Term
| Aminoglycosides: distribution? |
|
Definition
| Urine, most tissues, no csf |
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Term
| Aminoglycosides: adverse events? |
|
Definition
| Nephrotoxic (can be reversible), ototoxic (cochlear, nonreversibe) (vestibular, can be reversible), and neuromuscular block |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
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|
Term
| Tetracyclines: adverse events? |
|
Definition
| avaoid in hepatic/ renal impairment, phototoxic, gray brown teeth, can't drink milk with it |
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Term
|
Definition
| GP and GN aerobes. atypical pathogens of pneumonia |
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|
Term
| Tetracycline: distribution? |
|
Definition
| Maxillary sinus mucosa, bile, lung, etc. |
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Term
|
Definition
| erythromycin, clarithro, azithro |
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Term
|
Definition
| GP and GN aerobes. atypical pathogens of pneumonia |
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|
Term
| Macrolides: adverse events? |
|
Definition
| GI intolerance, thrombophlebitis, tinnitis |
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|
Term
|
Definition
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|
Term
|
Definition
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|
Term
| Lincosamides: distibution? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| MSSA, strep, GN anaerobes (B.frag), GP anaerobes, toxoplasmosis |
|
|
Term
| Lincosamides: adverse events? |
|
Definition
| GI intolerance to c. dif, pseudomembranous colitis |
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Term
|
Definition
| cirprofloxacin, norfloxacin, levo, moxi |
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|
Term
|
Definition
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|
Term
| Fluroquinolones: activity? |
|
Definition
| GN aerobes (pseudomonas), some GP aerobes (MSSA, strep), atypical pathogens of pnemonia |
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Term
| Fluroquinolones: distribution? |
|
Definition
| repiratory (moxi, levo), non respiratory (cipro), UTI (norflox), bone |
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Term
| Fluroquinolones:adverse events? |
|
Definition
| chelation, QT prolongation, photoxicity |
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|
Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| cell wall, beta lactam stable |
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|
Term
|
Definition
oral used to tx c.dif is not systemically absorbed.
also, need troughs |
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|
Term
| Glycopeptides: adverse events? |
|
Definition
| Red man's syndrome, ototoxicity, nephrotoxicity |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| strep, staph, MSSA, MSSE, MRSE, enterococcal. c.dif is only anaerobe |
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|
Term
| Glycopeptides: distribution? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
|
Definition
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|
Term
|
Definition
| inhibits bacterial folic acid synthesis, which doesn't allow bacteria to grow |
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Term
|
Definition
| need to hydrate or crystalluria will form, increases anticoagulation for warfarin, avoid in hemodialysis, SJS, elevated serum CR |
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Term
|
Definition
| GN and GP aerobes (but no psuedomonas, group A strep, or enerococcus), very active against P. carinii |
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|
Term
| Nitroimidazoles: drug name? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Nitroimidazoles: Metronidazole, activity? |
|
Definition
| covers all anaerobes, including c.dif and h. pylori |
|
|
Term
| Nitroimidazoles: Metronidazole, MOA? |
|
Definition
| reduces toxic intermediates (free radicals) which damage DNA |
|
|
Term
| Nitroimidazoles: Metronidazole, adverse events? |
|
Definition
| Disulfiram cannot be mixed with any alcohol, dark urine, rash |
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Term
|
Definition
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|
Term
|
Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
| gram positive, enerococci, all staphs, all streps |
|
|
Term
| oxalinediones: distribution? |
|
Definition
invitro against many organisms
no dose adjustment |
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Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| bind to cell membrane causing rapid depolarization, leading to inhibition of proteins, and death |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
gram positive, strep, entero, s. aureus
first drug bacteriocidal against gram pos |
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