Term
| function of anti-infective |
|
Definition
| suppress growth of competing microrganisms |
|
|
Term
| what did they use for infection in ancient china? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| use of synthetic, semi-synthetic, or natural products to inhibit the specific organism causing a disease |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| who first observed penicillin |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what determines enzyme metabolism of a drug? |
|
Definition
| pharmacokinetics/ enzyme structure |
|
|
Term
| ideal pharmacodynamic response |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| toxicity of antibacterials occurs from_______ |
|
Definition
| inappropriate doses or drug interactions |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-mutations
-adaptations
-gene transfer |
|
|
Term
-blocking one pathway that is essential for growth or survival of organism
-blocking action vital to both the host and microbe with the effect mainly exerted on microbe |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| interfere with the growth and replication of the organism without killing it |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| antiinfective-mediated death of the organism (lethal) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| differece btw a fungal and plant cell wall: |
|
Definition
| plants have cellulose, fungi have chitin |
|
|
Term
unicellular organisms
opportunistic pathogens |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
cryptococcosis
candidiasis |
|
|
Term
| grow in mulitcellular fillaments called hyphae |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| common mold responsible for lung disease |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1. allergic disease
2. mushroom poisoning (mycetism)
3. mycotoxins
4 mycoses |
|
|
Term
| one of the most carcinogenic toxins known to man |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| this mycotoxin is a biological weapon |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 2 classifications of deep mycoses |
|
Definition
1. dimorphic
2. opportunistic |
|
|
Term
| why do only a few fungi cause diseases in healthy ppl? |
|
Definition
| b/c fungi usually prefer to live off of dead matter. infectious forms usually morph into a different form |
|
|
Term
| membrane disrubting agents |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ergosterol synthesis inhibitors |
|
Definition
azoles
allylamines
morpholine |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the main component of the fungal cell wall |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| anti-mitotic (spindle disruption) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| glucan synthesis inhibitors |
|
Definition
Echinocandinds
-caspofungin
-anidulafungin
-micafungin |
|
|
Term
| these bind sterols and disrupt the osmotic integrity of cell membrane- fungicidal |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| this polyene is used to treat disseminated candida, fungal meningitis- nephrotoxic |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Nephrotoxicity of AMB is increased by |
|
Definition
| cyclosporine and aminoglycosides |
|
|
Term
| this polyene has poor oral absorption, does not penentrate into the CSF, vitreous humor, amnionitc fluid, half life 15 days |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| two broad classes of Azoles |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| mainstay of antifungal therapy today b/c they less interference with human steroid synthesis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| inhibits ianosterol demethylase and impairs the synthesis of ergosterol- FUNGISTATIC |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| hepatotoxicity, htn, visual impairment |
|
|
Term
| drug interactions of azoles are ______ in nature |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| increasing pH does what to absorption of azole |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
azole metabolized in the lever
substrate and inhibitor of CYP3A4
does not appear in CSF or urine |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Azole absorbed from GI tract
diffuses into body fluids like CSF |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| azole with extensive distribution in tissues |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| block ergosterol synthesis via inhibiton of squalene epoxidase, and enzyme needed for the creation of sterols- fungicidal |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| complications of allylamine |
|
Definition
| gastric distress and liver enzyme elevation |
|
|
Term
| block cell wall synthesis via the beta 1,3 glucan synthesis inhibition- fungicidal |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| these are used for salvage therapy |
|
Definition
| echinocandins- caspofungin, micafungin, anidulafungin |
|
|
Term
| block fungal DNA and protein synthesis, fungal mitosis FUNGISTATIC |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| almost 50% or more of this antimetabolite will appear in the CSF and can treat menigitis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| this antimetabolite has a half-lfe in plasma of about 24 hours |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Membrane Disrupting Agents: |
|
Definition
POLYENES
amphotericin B, nystatin, pimaricin (opthalamic) |
|
|
Term
| Ergosterol synthesis inhibitors |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Ketoconazole is an _______ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Glucan Synthase inhibitors |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
caspofungin
anidulafungin
micafungin |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
fluorinated pyrimidine
(flucytosine) |
|
|
Term
| what kind of drug is griseofulvin |
|
Definition
|
|
