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| Body with arms by the sides, palms forward |
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| In front; similar to ventral |
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| The skeletal structure of the limbs |
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Parallel to the coronal suture
A direction of examination |
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| Away from the trunk of the body |
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| In the back; similar to the posterior |
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Perpendicularly away from the Midsagittal Plane of the body
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| Coursing or placed lengthwise |
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| Perpendicular toward the Midsagittal Plane |
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| Behind, to the back; Similar to the dorsal |
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Any section of the body parallel to the sagittal suture of the cranium
[image] |
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| Rotation of the hands and forearms so that the palms face out dorsally towards the body |
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| Towards the trunk of the body along the limb |
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| Turning the palm of the hand anteriorly |
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| In front; similar to the anterior |
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| Rounded process at the point of articulation with another bone |
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| A process of bone initially attached to another piece of bone by cartilage and usually later consolidated with it by bone |
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| Membranous space between cranial bones in fetal life and infancy |
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| A pit, depression or cavity |
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| Any outgrowth or prominence of bone |
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| Bone cavity lined with a mucus membrane |
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| Areas of articulation between cranial bones |
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| an elevation or prominence |
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| A small, knob like projection on bone |
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| A large, rough eminence or projection on a bone |
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| Located on the anterolateral borders of the foramen magnum; the large hole in the base of the skull |
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| the large hole that the spinal cord passes through on its way to the brain |
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| A group of muscles that connect to the superior nuchal line, located on the neck |
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The crest that connects the Nuchal muscles such as the sternocliedomastoid and the Mastoid Process
[image] |
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| Connection for the temporal muscle and located on the frontal and parietal bone |
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| The rounded ridge above the eyes, more prominant in males, the "brow line" |
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| An opening on either side of the basilar portion of the occipital bone on the sphenoid bone; This allows for arteries to reach the brain through the skull |
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| The bone on the front of the cranium |
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| the pair of bones that are on the top of the skull, behind the frontal bone but infront of the occipital bone |
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| The pair of bones that lie below the parietal bones |
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| the bone in the back of the cranium that connects at the lambda suture |
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| The bone that lies through the cranium in the back of the orbitals and on the "temple of the skull" |
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| The bone that is located below the nose between the Zygomatic bones in the front of the face |
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| the "cheek bones" located to the left and right of the Maxilla |
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| The lower jaw, containing the lower teeth |
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| the inside of the orbital cavity, just behind the lacrimal bones and in front of Sphenoid bone |
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| The bones inside the orbital cavity just behind the maxilla |
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| the bone that makes up the front of the nose minus the maxilla |
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Sutures of the Cranium
[image] |
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Sagittal
Coronal
Lambdoidal
Spheno-occipital synchonodrosis
Squalmosal
Metropic
Palatal |
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| A small bone that does not articulate with any other bone but is suspended below the mandible; "adam's apple" |
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Cervical (7)
Thoracic (12)
Lumbar (5)
Sacral (4-6 but fused in the adult form of Sacrum)
Coccygeal (3-5 fused by adulthood) |
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The smallest weight supporting vertebrae
*there is a foramen in the transverse process to support blood flow to the brain*
*Bifurcated and oval shaped except the first two*
The first cervical vertebrae is the atlas, the second is called the axis |
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the second most weight bearing vertebrae
*They have facets for the articulation of ribs, these are called costal pits*
*The articular processes are parallel to each other (vertical and flat except for the 12th)*
*Most spinous processes are long and pointed* |
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The largest of the moveable vertebrae that carry the most weight
*The spinous vertebrae are short and blunt*
*they have no rib facets* |
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The vertebrae are usually fused into one bone by adult hood that holds the most weight of the human spine
The wings of this vertebrae are called the alae |
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| the fused bone below the sacral vertebrae, this bone is helpful in determining the sex of the person in question, it also helps to hold in the organs of the human body |
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| the bone that upholds the arms at a designated distance from the chest cavity, also called the "collar bone" |
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The bone in the center of the chest, connecting the rib cartilage to a center point
Manubrium- the upper handle that articulates the first two ribs
Body- the middle portion that articulates 3-7 ribs directly and 8-10 indirectly
Xiphoid Process- a cartilage tab that becomes bony in later years |
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A triangular bone that rests in the upper back
Coracoid Process- origin of muscle for anterior projection
Acromion Process- origin of muscle for posterior projection |
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| The point of articulation of the head of the humerus on the scapula |
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The protective bones that are attached to the sternum and the vertebrae
True ribs (1-7)
False ribs (8-10)
Floating ribs (11-12) |
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| The largest bone of the upper limbs |
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| The lateral bone of the forearm and follows up the thumb in the movements of the forearm in pronation and supination |
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The medial bone of the forearm when the body is anotomically positioned
The semilunar notch at the proximal end forms a "U" |
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The two large bones of the pelvis, joined with the sacrum to form the pelvic gurdle
*note: wider pelvic gurdles suggests female* |
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Ilium- the upper portion, containing the lilac crest. Also containing the sciatic notch, notably larger in females
Ischium- Most posterior bone of the coxa, the ischium tuberosity supports the sitting position
Pubis- the most anterior portion of the os coxa
Acetabulum- the connection of all three parts in the articulation of the femur |
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| The largest and longest bone in the human body |
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| The kneecap, a sesamoid bone, develops with tendons to enhance the pully system of the knee |
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| The second largest bone of the lower limbs, the tibial tuberosity is a common point of insertion for many muscles in the leg |
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| The rotational function, similar to the ulna, that exists in the leg because of this bone |
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