Term
| The Austrian monk credited with defining several important concepts on modern genetics. |
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Term
| Which of Mendel’s rules is used to describe the observation that a gamete receives only one allele from the pair of alleles possessed by an individual, fertilization reestablishes the double number. |
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| When alleles controlling different traits are randomly mixed in the offspring. |
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| Different variants of the same gene. |
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Term
| The outward characteristics of an individual. |
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Term
| The genetic makeup of an individual or the genes they possess. |
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Term
| When an allele and the trait it controls is expressed in individuals that are homozygous or heterozygous. |
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Term
| When an allele is only expressed when present on both chromosomes. |
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Term
| If an individual has different alleles at the same genetic locus. |
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Term
| If an individual has the same alleles at a genetic locus. |
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Term
| When both alleles for a trait contribute to the phenotype of an individual. |
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Term
| Latin term used to denote the generation of progeny in a mating population. |
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Term
| What proportion of offspring from a BB X Bb mating will show the dominant trait (assume B is dominant to b)? |
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Definition
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Term
| How many different gametes can be produced by an individual heterozygous at a single gene. |
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Definition
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Term
| Two Bb individuals are mated, what is the expected ratio of genotypes in the offspring (assume B is dominant to b). |
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Definition
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| Two Bb individuals are mated, what is the expected ratio of phenotypes in the offspring (assume B is dominant to b). |
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Definition
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Term
| Who developed the diagrammatic method to determine genotypic ratios of offspring that looks like a “checkerboard”. |
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Definition
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Term
| Genotypic segregation in matings between heterozygotes results in a 2:1 ratio in the offspring. |
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Definition
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Term
| When a single gene influences more than one trait. |
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Definition
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Term
| When alleles at different genes interact with one another. |
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Definition
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Term
| F1 individuals produced from a BBEE x bbee mating are used to produce a F2 generation, what is the expected phenotypic ratio in the offspring assuming complete dominance? |
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Term
In guinea pigs, black coat color (B) is dominant to white coat color (b).
When heterozygous black animals are crossed, what percentage of the black progeny are expected to be homozygous? |
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Definition
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Term
In guinea pigs, black coat color (B) is dominant to white coat color (b).
When two heterozygous black animals are crossed what is the chance of the first 2 progeny being black? |
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Definition
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Term
| Shorthorn cattle can be red (R1R1), roan (R1R2) or white (R2R2). If red cattle are mated to white cattle to make roan F1 animals, what is the possibility of an F2 individual being homozygous? |
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Definition
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Term
| Long molecules of DNA on a protein framework within every cell. |
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Definition
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Term
| An animal cell with the chromosome complement of 2n or diploid. |
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Definition
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Term
| How many sets of chromosomes does a somatic cell have? |
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Definition
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Term
| An animal cell with the chromosome complement of n or haploid. |
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Definition
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Term
| Cell division with each daughter cell receiving an identical complement of chromosomes. |
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Definition
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Term
| Mitotic stage in which the chromosomes in the cell condense and the nuclear membrane disintegrates. |
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Definition
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Term
| Mitotic stage in which chromosomes align in the center plane of the dividing cell. |
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Definition
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Term
| Mitotic stage in which the chromosomes divide and migrate to the cell poles. |
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Definition
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Term
| Mitotic stage in which the cells divide into daughter cells |
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Definition
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| Process of cellular division that results in gametes. |
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Definition
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Term
| Mature spermatozoa have a ________ number of chromosomes. |
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Term
| If the pair of sex chromosomes is identical. |
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Definition
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Term
| Genes located on the Y chromosome in mammals that can only be passed from father to son. |
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Definition
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Term
| Chromosomes other than those that contribute to sex determination. |
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Definition
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Term
| In mammals, male of the species are ___________ for alleles inherited on the X chromosome. |
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Definition
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Term
| Genes for which individuals of different sexes show a different phenotype even when they may have the same genotype. |
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Definition
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Term
| Traits that can only be expressed in one of the sexes do to differences in anatomical make-up. |
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Definition
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Term
| Genes that are inherited on either of the sex chromosomes. |
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| In poodles, hair color can be inherited as a codominant trait. In the population of dogs at a local dog show there were 20 red (R1R1), 30 apricot (R1R2) and 50 white (R2 R2) poodles. What is the frequency of the red (R1) allele in this population? |
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Definition
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| In cattle black (B) is dominant to red (b). If a population of cattle has 51 black and 49 red animals, what is the frequency of the black (B) allele in the population? |
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Term
| A population characteristic associated with quantitative traits. |
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Definition
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Term
| The class of genes that each control a relatively small proportion of quantitative trait variation. |
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Definition
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Term
| A characteristically bell-shaped symmetrical distribution indicative of quantitative traits in large populations. |
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Definition
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Term
| Statistical measurements used to describe a distribution (circle 2). |
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Definition
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Term
| Within a normal distribution, what percentage of trait measurements (phenotypes) will fall within 1 standard deviation of the mean. |
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Definition
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Term
| A sheep flock has a mean 90-day weight of 100 lbs and a standard deviation of 25 lbs, what weight will the top 2.5% of lambs exceed. |
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Definition
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Term
| Term used to describe the proportion of phenotypic variance contributed by genetics. |
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Definition
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Term
| If a trait has a phenotypic variance of 100 and a heritability of 0.25, what is the genetic variance. |
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Definition
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Term
| The difference between the mean of a population and the mean of the individuals selected from that population for breeding (Ps - P0). |
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Definition
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Term
| Difference between the mean of the population and the mean of the offspring from selected individuals of the population (P1 - P0). |
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Definition
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Term
| Term used to describe the relationship between the genetic gain and the selection differential. |
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Definition
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Term
| Process in which one strand of the DNA molecule is used to produce a corresponding RNA molecule. |
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Definition
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Term
| Process in which the RNA molecule is used to produce a protein. |
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Definition
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Term
| The universal genetic code is used to decode each ________ of the RNA molecule into amino acids. |
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Definition
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Term
| The DNA sequence that is complementary to CAGGATCCTG. |
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