Organic Catalysts

Proteins in nature

o   The movement of the end product of digestion from the digestive tract into the blood and/or lymph system

o   Fluid materials secreted into the digestive tract by glands or tissues along the digestive tracts

·         process of osmosis through the semi-permeable membranes which line much of the digestive tract

·         has many folds, and is called the manyplies. This small round organ is hard to tough and is located on the right side of the animals. The major function of the omasum is not known but there is some grinding action and water absorption at this site

·         The main functions of the microorganisms in the rumen are:

o   Convert large amounts of starch and cellulose to volatile fatty acids as sources of energy

o   Convert both performed protein and nonprotein nitrogen to microbial protein, which serves as a source of protein containing all the essential amino acids for the host

o   Synthesize vitamin K and all of the B vitamins

§  Cereal grains

·         Corn

·         Barley

·         Wheat

·         Oats

·         Tankage

o   Blood, by products from slaughter houses

o   Animal residues that remain after rendering fat in a slaughterhouse, used for fertilizer or feed.

·         Soybean meal

·         Cottonseed meal

·         Linseed meal

·         Peanut butter

o   the mating of purebred sire to grade or native females

1.transport the ova from the ovaries to the uterus

2. Transport sperm cells

3. is the place where fertilization occurs

4. where early embryotic development occurs

Except fat digestion

and Fat soluble vitamins

o   The movement of nutrients from the point of absorption to the point of utilization

o   1. Heat to maintain body temperature

o   2. Sufficient energy for the internal work of the body and the minimum movement of the animal

o   3. Nutrients to repair body tissue (proteins, vitamins, minerals)

o   ample protein, minerals, and vitamins are essential as well as more Carbohydrates and fats

·         - determine the extent or degree of expression of the genetic makeup

o   the breeding of closely related individuals 

§  sire x daughter, son x dam, brother x sister (siblings)

1. based on type and individuality

2. Based on pedigree

3. Based on show ring winnings

transport semen

Exit site for urinary product

1.They are source of the ova or egg

2. They are concerned in the production of ovarian hormones, estrogen and progesterone

Pick up ova

directs ova into the oviduct

1. transport sperm cells under the influence of hormones and muscular contractions

2. Is the home for the fetusduring most of the gestation period where fetal development takes place

3. Implantation and establishment of the placenta

4. Paturition (expulsion of fetus)

1. transport sperm cells

2. acts as a barrier during pregnancy so that pathogens cant gain entrance to the fetus

3. The cervix dilates (widens beyond normal limits) to allow the fetus to be expelled from the reproductive tract

1. A receptable site for the penis 

2. Site for semen deposition

3. Partution-birth canal

1. Entrance to reproductive tract for semen desposition

2. Exit for urinary products

3. Parturition

1. When the female comes into heat and ovulates

2. Males puberty is attined when the male ejaculates visable sperm cells

more eggs than you would normally ovulate

1. female controls breeding process

2. Takes 2-3 days for a female to breed (4-6 for horses)

1. Use of outstanding sire

2. It alleviates bother of keeping a sire

3. May lessen sire cost

4. helps control disease

5. delays through using sterile sires

1. requires skilled technicians

2. require heat detection or synchronization

3. may restrict sire market

4. require restraining facilities and other facilities and equipment

1. mouth

2. esophagus

3. stomach

4. Cecum

5. large intestines

6.anus

5a. rumen or oaunch

5b. reticulum or honeycomb or waterbug

5c. Omasun or manyplies

5d. Abomasum or true stomach

ruminate or chew cud

compartmental stomach 

microorganisms aid in digestion

can digest high fiber feed

fee rations higher in fiber

Single compartment stomach

digest fiber poorly

horse may utilize high fiber feeds because of my microorganisms in cecum

don't chew food

1. regurgitate

2. remastercate

3. reinsolivate

4. reswallow

rumen, reticulum, omasum, abomasum