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| an organism that can't move because it is usually attched to something.Ex:Barnicals, oysters, sponges, coral, sea anemone |
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| an organism that can move; they aren't attched to anything.Ex:Humans, protozoans, sea urchine, rat, sharks, birds |
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| an organism that is only composed of one cell. Can't be seen without a microscope Ex:Euglena, Paramecium, amoeba, yeast, bacteria |
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| an organism that is made of 2 or more cells put together. Ex:cats, slugs, humans, mice, frogs, snake, goldfish |
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| (warm blooded) an organism that can maintain a certain body temp all year round. only birds and mammles are endothermic. Ex:humans=98.6F, Rats=100F, Hummingbirds-105F |
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| (Cold Blooded)an organism that can not maintain a certain body temp. their temp changes with the environment. Need the sun to warm body/shade to cool body.Ex:Worms, slugs, protozoans, snakes, fish, lizards, goldfish |
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| Advantages to being endothermic |
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Definition
maintain same body temp--not dependent on environment(sun/shade)to heat/or cool body.
can move fast without being heated by the sun. |
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| disadvantages to being endothermic |
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takes a lot of energy to maintain body temp
have to eat alot of food to maintain body temp |
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| advantages to being ectothermic |
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can warm&cool body using the shade/sun--saves energy.
do not have to eat often --once a week/month because they save energy from not maintaining body heat. |
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| disadvantages to being ectothermic |
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dependent on environment to heat or cool body
often have to hibernate or estivate due to environment
can't move fast without warming body in sun |
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| an organism with a backbone(Spin). All amphibians, fish, reptiles, birds, and mammles are vertebrates.Ex:humans,cats, dogs, mice, shark, snake |
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| an organism without a backbone(spine). All protozoans, cnidarians, crustaceans, worms, all insects are invertebrates.Ex:Euglena, starfish, corals, Tapeworms |
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| an organism that can produce its own food by using the sun to concertsolar energy into food. All plants , algae, and phtoplankton are autotrough. all have chlorophyll.Ex:Euglena, Volvox, moss, azaleas, cypress trees, grass |
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| an organism that cannot produce its own energy from the sun ; they must eat each other organisms for energy. ex .... owl, human, rat, monkey, snail, fish |
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| an organism that only eats plants. Ex:Snail, cow, sheep, horse, carp |
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| an organism that only eats meat. Ex:lion, house cat, dog, wolf, fox, piranha, owl, hawk |
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| an organism that eats both plant and animals. Ex:humans, bears, song birds, primates |
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| eats anything dead or alive. Ex: raccoon, buzzard, fox, opossam |
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| an organism that breaks downor eats dead organic material. Ex:mushrooms, mold, mildew, bacteria |
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| an organism that filters plankton of the water. Ex:sponges, oysters, coral, mariean worms |
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| an organism that has a fluid filled body. their "skeleton" is made of water(liquids). they have soft bodies. Ex:sponge, earthworms, tapeworm, sea anemone, slug, jellyfish, planarian |
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| an organism that has skeleton on the outside of its body(shell). Ex:Crab, lobster, crawfish, shrimp |
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| an organism with a skeleton on the insideof its body. Ex:Humans, horses, dogs, cats |
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| an organism that has an equal left and right side--you can split it down the middle and the 2 sides are mirror images. usally these are fast moving organisms.Ex:humans, dogs, cats, horses, beetle, lizard, cow, snake, slug, fish, shark, some sponges |
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| an organism that has a circular or round shape. Usually slow moving organism.Ex.: Diatom, yeast, cactus, radiolarians |
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| an organism that dosen't have any symmetry--it is irregular shaped. Usually slow moving or sessile.Ex: amoebas, fiddler crabs, some sponges, some coral, flounder |
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| an organism that has a center disc and all body parst radiate(come out of) the center. Many are sessile; if motile they are very slow moving organism.Ex: starfish, sea anemone, sea urchine, jellyfish, some sponges |
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| an organism that has a body that is divied into sec. or divied, Advantages- you can live if you are cut into pieces.Ex: earthworm, leech, tapeworm, crab, shrimp, lobster, beetle, millipede |
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| an organism that dosen't have a body divided into sec or divided.Ex: humans, dogs, rats, horses, snails, snakes, slugs. |
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| vertebrates--side with backbone; invertabrates--top side or side opposite to mouth(aboral) |
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| vertabrates--side with abdomen; invertabrates--underside; or side with mouth(oral) |
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| end of body with head and/or sensory organs. |
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| only refers to aquatic animals with tails-- tail is the caudal end |
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| when an organism blends into its environment. very hard see. this is to hide from predators and catch pray.Ex:rattlesnakes, sharks, flounders, lizards, chameleons. |
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| when a DANGEROUS animal has a color or color combination that signals danger in nature. These bright colors or combination:black&white; black&yellow; black&red; black&orange; animal Ex:black widow spider, killer whale, panda bear, tiger, monarch butterfly, coral snakes. |
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| when a NON DANGEROUS animal copies the coloration of a dangerous animal or when a animal tries to fool predators with optical illusions.Ex: Eyspots on moth wings, penguin, king snake, painted lady butterfly. |
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| an organism with both male and female sex organs. this is usually fount in sessileor slow moving organisms because they can't easily find a mate. Instead they release egg or sperm cells into the air or water and fertilize the eggs of another individual. They can't fertilize their own eggs.Ex:earthworms, sponges, coral, tapeworms, starfish, and many plants. |
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| asexual reproduction in which an organism forms a bulge on it's owm side; the bulge grows then pinches oof to form a new adult.Ex: yeast, sponges, sea anemone, hydra. |
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| asexual reproduction in which a piece of the organism breaks off and piece forms a new adult.Ex:starfish, sponges, tapeworm, planarian |
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| asexual reproduction in which a singal celled organism splits into 2 new adults.Ex: amoeba, eugula, viruses, bacteria |
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| internal sexual reproduction |
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Definition
| when the egg is fertilized inside of the female body.Ex: humans, lions, snakes, chickens |
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| external sexual reproduction |
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| when the egg is fertilized outside of the females body. the females lay the eggs and then the male fertilizes them outside her body.Ex: bass, catfish, frogs, salmon, salemander |
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| a behavior that is inherited, you automatically know how to do it(instinct); you don't leanr the behavior.Ex:migration, hibernation, mating, eating, making bubble noises walking crying |
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| a behavior that is taught to an organism; you're not born knowing how to do it. Ex:washing your food; table manners; raising your hand before talking, learning a language, playing football |
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| when an animal goes into hiding and slows down its bodily functions during the summer. This happenswhen it is extremly hot and it is difficult to find food or easy to get over heated/dry out. Ex:frog/toads burry themselves in the mud during a drought |
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| when an animal goes into hiding and slows down its bodily functionsduring the winter. this happens when it is extremly cold and it is difficult to find food. Ex:polar bears, grizzly bears |
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| when an animal travels long distancesto find food, find a mateor to have offspring. Ex:ducks, geese, whales, salmon, hummingbirds |
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| long term(monthly or yearly), innate, natural cycle. Ex:estivation, migration, hibernation, child bearing years, menopause. |
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| a short term or daily natural cycle. Ex:hunger cycle; sleep cycle, daily moods. |
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| blood isn't contained in blood vessles; blood just flows through the body and orans. Ex:jellyfish, tapeworms, sponges, most insects. |
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| closed circulatory system |
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| blood is contained in blood vessles(anteries and veins) Ex:humans, earthworms, dogs, cats |
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| outer most body layer(Skin) |
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| middle body layer(muscles and fat) |
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| inner most body layer(internal organs) |
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| organismsthat are active at night ; sleep during the day. Ex:owls, mice, rats, bats, rabbits, hampsters, cats, deer, snakes. |
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| organisms that are active during the day;sleep at night. Ex:humans, horses, dogs, bluebirds, cows, and squirrles. |
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| an area where an organism lives, hunts, breeds, and raises their young. |
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| 3 ways they protect their territory: |
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| making noises, marking their territory with pheromones, body language, fighting |
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| using your body to show emotions, showing teeth, ruffling fur or other features, starring down, rising or lowering ears, wagging tail |
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| barking, growling, howling, purring, or grunting |
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| marking their territory with pheromones |
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Definition
| smells(urine, feces, misk, antler marks, claw marks) |
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| dances, moving antenna etc. |
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| chemically produced odors that an organisum can produce |
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| the 4 main reasons of pheromones |
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| attract a mate, scare a predator, mark their territory, signal danger/fear |
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| advantages of animals living in a group |
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Definition
| safer living in a group--numbers protect each other, hunt together--kill more or larger prey than individually, find mates easier, protect their young together |
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| disadvantages of animals living in a group |
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| share food with other members of the group, compete for mates, diseases spread faster, attracts prdators |
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