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| How did the the latin king strengthen his relationship with Aeneas? |
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| He gave aeneas his daughter |
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| Who were Romulus and Remus' parents? |
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| Who did Romulus sacrifice oxen to? |
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| Why did the Etruscan king Mezantius make an alliance with Turnus? |
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| He wanted to protect Etruscan dominance of Italy |
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| Entities outside of moral community that deserve moral consideration. |
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| all human beings between birth and death. People deserving of equal moral protections. Morally prohibited to cause unjustified harm |
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| A competent, rational, conscious adult voluntarily choosing an action or inaction |
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| "The Delayer". Roman general who used guerrilla warfare to wear down Hannibal. His tactics were unpopular |
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| Carthage was attacking Saguntum (in present day Spain) and the Saguntines asked Rome for help. Rome gave aid and this started the Second Punic War |
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| Carthaginian general who led major campaigns against the Romans. Defeated Roman armies at Trebia, Trasimene, and Cannae. Successfully crossed the Alps and invaded Italy, but never actually invaded Rome. He was eventually defeated when the Romans invaded Carthage itself and went into exile. |
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| Carthaginian general who commanded the land forces in Sicily during the First Punic War, also father of Hannibal |
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| Roman consul and general during the First Punic War with Carthage. Fought many battles but was eventually captured at the Battle of Tunis in 255BC. Was sent to Rome and parole and encouraged the senate to keep fighting. Returned to Carthage and was executed. |
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| outposts or satellite cities whose people were granted full citizenship and voting rights while local ruling families stayed in power |
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| "Battle" where a Roman army was surrounded by the Samnites and cut off from supplies. However, the Samnites eventaully let the Romans go after humiliating them. |
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| People who represented the Plebians in the Senate. their bodies were sacred and therefore they could intervene and help plebians in need. Could also call the Senate to order. |
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| Governing body of the Roman Republic. Passed decrees to the magistrates. |
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| Magistrate who maintained the census |
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| Elected officials who supervised the Treasury and other finances. Considered the first post on the ladder of public officials. |
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| People responsible for the maintenance of public buildings and regulation of public festivals |
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| title granted by the government of Ancient Rome to men acting in one of two official capacities: the commander of an army; or, an elected magistrate |
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| highest elected political office of the Roman Republic. Two of them elected to serve 1 year terms. led campaigns, which happened in early summer. overtime this and other offices opened to plebs |
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| Dictator who took over when Rome was threatened by neighboring tribes. Resigned immediately after crisis, regarded as a model of leadership |
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| one of the two islands in the Tiber river which runs through Rome. Legend says that Tarquin the Proud's corpse was thrown into the river and formed the island. |
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| Group of nearly 30 towns and villages near Rome who organized together for common defense |
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| ancient legislation that stood as the foundation of Roman law. Helped create some sort of balance between Patricians and Romans, who were being taken advantage of. written by (10 men) who went to southern italy to learn from greece. belonged to |
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| wrote the twelve tables (10 men) who went to southern italy to learn from greece. belonged to consuls' office |
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| a consul who passed an edict promising veterans that they will be forgiven their debts when they come home from war. |
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| Wife of Collatinus, raped by Sextus. Kills herself b/c she felt violated. Asks for her father, husband, and Brutus to take revenge on sextus. Brutus used her body to rally the romans |
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| One of the 4 leaders of rebellion, along with Brutus and Collatinus. Elected to replace the later after his resignation. Built a house on a hill which alarmed roman people. gave roman people power to resist magistrate decrees, people who try to become tyrants will lose civil rights. looked out for the people |
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| Brutus' co-consul, also husband of Lucretia. He eventually resigned because he was related to the Tarquins. |
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| Friend of Lucretia's father. Led rebellion against the monarchy after her rape. First consul of Rome. Discovered his sons and other noble youths plotting a conspiracy because they wanted liked the favors from the monarchy. Punished them with death because of his sense of justice. Killed in combat. |
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| Most important temple in ancient Rome. Built by Tarquin the Proud |
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| Son of Tarquin the proud. Cunning and deceiving. Infiltrated Rutillians and raped Lucretia, after she allowed him inside |
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| Last king of Rome. Killed previous king to take power. His son raped Lucretia and they were exiled by Brutus. Huge tyrant, but good war leader |
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| Legendary second King of Rome. Sabine origin, but regarded as a good and wise king |
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| Time between governments. After the death of Romulus when the Romans had to decide how to rule the city. 10 men alternated being king every 5 days. |
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| Oracle he had the vision that Romulus came to him and declared that Rome would become the capitol of the world and everything would be okay (because at the time, everyone was freaking out about how there was no plan for succession). |
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| Legendary co-founder of Rome. Saw 12 vultures. Killed his brother and went on to rule the city |
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| Legendary co-founder of Rome. Saw six vultures first. Killed by his brother for taunting him about the walls of his hill. |
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| Anyone who was not a Patrician, could be abused by Patricians |
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| Descendants of the first 100 senators of Rome. Had large amounts of power |
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| sacred boundary of the city of Rome. Etrustran tradition. mythically it is thought of as the line ploughed by Romulus around the walls of the city |
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| Mythical mother of Romulus and Remus, daughter of Numitor |
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| King of Alba Longa, grandfather of Romulus and Remus, overthrown by his brother Amulius but later reinstated by his grandsons |
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| Brother of Numitor, overthrew him and took over Kingship of Alba Longa, eventually killed by Romulus and Remus |
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| daughter of King Latinus, betrothed to Turnus but ended up married Aeneas |
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| legendary king of Alba Longa and is the son of the Trojan hero Aeneas. ancestor of Romulus and Remus |
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| Legendary Trojan warrior who fled to Italy and who's descendants would become Romans. Son of Venus and Anchises |
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| Region in southern Italy. Originally settled by Greeks, taken over by Rome during the Second Samnite War |
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| civilization of ancient Italy in the area corresponding roughly to Tuscany, western Umbria, and northern Latium. More organized than surrounding area. |
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| region of central western Italy in which the city of Rome was founded |
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| How did sextus interpet his father's gesture of knocking the heads of puppets? |
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| To bring about the deaths of the leading citizen in Gabii |
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| How did brutus act around tarquinius superbus? |
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| he pretended to be a moron |
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| What prophecy did Brutus hear in delphi? what did he do in response? |
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| who ever kisses their mother first will be the ruler of rome. so he kisses the ground. |
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| groups of soldiers sat on a hill and refused to do anything |
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| an abused soldier appeared in the forum that aroused pity and anger. (b/c of debt) Senate can't come to an agreement. Then tribes attack, and their army is gone because of secession. Serviliusm makes prmoises, they aren't kept |
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| had voting groups called centuries based on wealth more wealth equals less people in the century. must be present to vote. use your voice to vote. richest vote first, so things decided before poor get to vote |
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| conflicts between city states and plebs and patricians, bandit raids |
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| Who joined forces with rome against carthage in the 1st punic war? |
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| why was it significant that rome controlled sicily and sardinia after the 1st punic war? |
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| they were ouposts of trade and mines and wealth respectively. |
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| evidence for history of italy before romans |
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| pottery, housing and social structures, tombs, grave goods, writeen texts |
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| 3 geographic factors that helped italy prosper |
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| harbors for trade, fertile coastal plains, alps to the north, surrounded by the seas. |
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| passage way from meditteranean sea from east to west. |
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| name for iron age settlements in eturia and campania. |
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| 2 features of villanovan settlements |
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| they were bigger, traded with greeks and phonecians, had a modest defense system |
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| why was iron preferred over bronze/wood |
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| it was stronger and cheaper |
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| when did city states begin appearing in italy? |
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| where was rome's cemetary, and where did elites live? |
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| outside the walls; in the center |
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| how did elites distinguish themselves from the rest of the populace? |
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| elaborate houses, dinner parties, priest hoods, and formal office, |
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| Patron-client relationship |
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| patron looks out for clients. in return the client is indebted. it is maintained by debt. |
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| what part of rome was first settled? where was the forum built |
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| the palatine and capitoline hills, between them |
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| it was the antidote to tyranny and meant free will, free speech, and the freedom to speak out against a monarch/higher power without punishment |
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| formed by throwing Tarquin's crops (like wheat) into the river, not his corpse. |
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| Appointed in an emergency with a second in command of cavalry. Their term lasted 6 months or until the crisis was over. |
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| the practice of having at least two people, and always an even number, in each magistrate position of the Roman Senate. Reasons were to divide power and responsibilities among several people, both to prevent the rise of another king and to ensure more productive magistrates |
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