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| Sailors and traders at the end of the Medditerranean. They thought up the alphabet we use today. They set up colonies in Northern Africa. |
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| One of the earliest civilizations in the world. Developed the cuneiform writing system. They further developed the wheel and invented the arch. |
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| Babylonians were an ancient people from Asia Minor and Syria that flourished from 1600 BC to 1200 BC. |
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| A self-governing central city and its surrounding villages. |
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| The religion of the Hebrews; first monotheistic relgion |
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| Grouping of five holy books which make up the Hebrew Bible. |
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| Fertile arc-shaped area which is located between the Tigris, Euphrates, and Nile river. |
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| One of the earliest surviving set of written laws originated by the Babylonians. |
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| A region in and around the Tigris-Euphrates river system where some of the earliest civilizations formed. |
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| Lived between Euphrates delta, Persian Gulf, and Arabian Desert. They had an army and invented the battering ram. |
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| Group of Semites who are called Old Babylonians with King Hammurabi. They built their cities like Sumerians and developed multiplication and division tables. |
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| The Chaldeans defeated the Assyrians. One king of theirs was Nebuchadnezzar. They charted the sun, moon and stars. |
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| The Hittites came from Northern Iran. They made weapons out of iron and developed the chariot. |
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| The Hebrews were a warlike, nomadic people who settled in Canaan and established the Kingdoms of Israel and Judea. They worshiped one God. |
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