Term
Lycurgus's Laws for Sparta
(flogging)
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Definition
| Once a year all boys were brought to the temple of Diana where they underwent severe flogging and were expected not to moan or shed a tear. |
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Term
Lycurgus's Laws for Sparta
(answering questions) |
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Definition
| Spartan boys were trained to answer questions in a manner that was short and exact as possible, which is still known today as the laconic style. |
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Term
Lycurgus's Laws for Sparta
(men and dinner) |
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Definition
| Spartan men, rather than having dinner at home, all ate together at a common or public table where women weren't allowed. |
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Term
Lycurgus's Laws for Sparta
(1st military campaign) |
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Definition
| When Spartan boys left for their first military campaign, their mothers gave them their shield and commanded them to "Come back with it or on it." |
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Term
Lycurgus's Laws for Sparta
(girls competing)
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Definition
| When Spartan girls competed in the public festivals, the only allowed spectators were parents and the married people of the city. |
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Term
Lycurgus's Laws for Sparta
(preventing corruption) |
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Definition
| To prevent the Spartan kings from wrongdoing, Lycurgus has the people choose five men called ephors to watch over and advise the king. |
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Term
Lycurgus's Laws for Sparta
(wealth) |
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Definition
| Knowing wealth was not desirable, Lycurgus has the Spartans use iron money that was so bulky and heavy it prevented the people desiring to make a fortune. |
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Term
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Definition
| When this infant king was old enough to rule independently, Lycurgus left town after reminding the people to obey all of his laws. |
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Term
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Definition
| Started in 743 B.C. when some Messenian lads carried away some Spartan girls to be their wives. Messenians took refuge in the fortified city of Ithome until their food ran out, forcing them to fight. The Messenains won the first battle, but the war lasted several years with the Spartans the final victors. |
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Term
First Messenian War (cont'd) |
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Definition
| Messenians suffered as slaves for 40 years until Aristomenes, a brave prince, planned a revolt against the Spartans. An oracle told Spartan they would only win with Athenian leadership. The Spartans were victorious and threw all prisoners of war to their death in a pit called Cedas. Aristomenes, survived the fall and escaped through a fox's hole and returned to his people and planned the Second Messenian War. |
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Term
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Definition
| The Messenians lost the Second War to the Spartans in 685 B.C. and fled to Italy or Sicily where they found Greek colonies, one of which they named Messina. |
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Term
Temple of Zeus in Olympia |
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Definition
Was built for the worship of Jupiter (or Zeus), the principal god of the the Greeks. Located in Olympia in the country of Elis. The temple is said to have been built by Hercules, Zeus' son. |
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Term
Athletic or Olympic Games |
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Definition
| were held at the temple at Olympia in order to attract visitors to the temple. Hercules presided as umpire and awarded the victors a crown of wild olive leaves. |
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Term
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Definition
| Renowned sculptor that created a 40 foot tall statue in 433 B.C. representing Jupiter. This was the most precious artwork to adorn the temple at Olympia. |
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Term
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Definition
| Games and important events have been recorded as occurring in the first, second, third, or fourth year of the first, seventh, or tenth Olympiad as the case might be. Records were dutifully kept for about 1000 years ending around 300 A.D. The games were renewed by a Greek king in 1896, the 1st held in Athens, Greece. |
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