Term
| The vagina is a -- tube that has which features? |
|
Definition
thin walled
mucosa
muscularis
adventitia
fornix |
|
|
Term
What type of epithelium does the mucosa of the vagina have?
What else? |
|
Definition
–Stratified squamous epithelium
–Lamina propria with elastic fibers
–Transverse folds (help grip penis during copulation) |
|
|
Term
| what is the muscularis of the vagina? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the adventitia of the vagina? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the fornix of the vagina |
|
Definition
| recessed portion around cervix |
|
|
Term
| what received most deposited semen? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Mammary Glands are divided into: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What does each lobe of the mammary gland contain? |
|
Definition
| distinct compound alveolar (acinar) gland with many branching ducts |
|
|
Term
| What are the lobes of the mammary glands divided into? What are they? |
|
Definition
| lobules- each lobule is a cluster of secretory units (alveoli); cuboidal cells. |
|
|
Term
mammary glands are modified --
milk is modified -- |
|
Definition
sweat glands of skin
sweat |
|
|
Term
| Mammary lobes are separated by |
|
Definition
| large amounts of adipose (fat) |
|
|
Term
| What is milk carried through? |
|
Definition
| larger, and large ducts until they become lactiferous ducts beneath nipple |
|
|
Term
Lactiferous ducts converge at:
each duct: |
|
Definition
converge at nipple
each open separately |
|
|
Term
| Near nipple, lactiferous ducts contain: |
|
Definition
| a swelling= lactiferous sinus |
|
|
Term
| What happens at the lactiferous sinus? |
|
Definition
milk collects in lactiferous sinus during nursing
In human, modified smooth muscle cells (myoepithelial) surround ducts and sinuses, help express milk |
|
|
Term
| What are suspensory ligaments? |
|
Definition
from fascia of underlying skeletal muscle to dermis
support breast |
|
|
Term
mammary glands develop along:
which usually degenerate? |
|
Definition
epidermal ridge from armpit to groin= mammary line
all but a pair in thorax usally degenerate
Occasionally develop at other locations along line |
|
|
Term
Mammary Gland Development
Pre puberty |
|
Definition
–Only lactiferous ducts with few branches
–Similar in males; remain after puberty (can get tumors of ducts) |
|
|
Term
Mammary Gland Development
At puberty |
|
Definition
lactiferous ducts grow and branch extensively (but alveoli absent)
–Increase in adipose (fat); breasts enlarge |
|
|
Term
Mammary Gland Development
during pregnancy |
|
Definition
| secretory cells divide and alveoli sprout from ends of ducts |
|
|
Term
| About 6 days after conception what happens? |
|
Definition
| blastocyst begins implantation |
|
|
Term
| What does the blastocyst consist of? |
|
Definition
| an inncer cell mass (future embryo) and outer trophoblast (part of placenta) |
|
|
Term
| What layers does the trophoblast form? |
|
Definition
1)Cytotrophoblast – inner cellular layer
2)Syncytiotrophoblast – outer layer |
|
|
Term
| Plasma membrane of cells degenerate; |
|
Definition
| multinucleated mass of cytoplasm = syncytium |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
–Enzymes digest portion of endometrium
–Blastocyst “burrows” completely into endometrium |
|
|
Term
extra-embryonic mesoderm
formed from:
CT:
Surrounds:
Contains: |
|
Definition
Formed from cytotrophoblast
–Embryonic loose connective tissue
–Surrounds embryo
–Contains blood vessels from embryo to placenta |
|
|
Term
extra-embryonic mesoderm
connects? which equals? which becomes? |
|
Definition
| –Connects embryo to cytotrophoblast = body stalk; will become umbilical cord |
|
|
Term
| What makes up the chorion? |
|
Definition
| Extra-embryonic mesoderm + cytotrophoblast layer = chorion |
|
|
Term
| what does the chorion form? |
|
Definition
| Forms finger-like projections = chorionic villi |
|
|
Term
| what forms in the syncytiotrophoblast layer? What fills it? |
|
Definition
Lacunae (“lakes”; clefts) form in syncytiotrophoblast layer
–Fill with blood from degraded endometrial blood vessels |
|
|
Term
| Chorionic villi grow into |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Embryonic blood vessels grow into |
|
Definition
| villi in extra-embryonic mesoderm; near maternal blood source |
|
|
Term
what does the placenta do between what?
provides:
disposes:
Signals: |
|
Definition
Exchanges across the chorionic villi between maternal and fetal blood
–Provide fetus with nutrients and oxygen
–Dispose of its wastes (carbon dioxide, urea)
–Allow hormonal signals to be sent to the mother |
|
|
Term
| What happens during week 13 |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
placenta is an important-
is primarly-
regulates- |
|
Definition
endocrine organ
Primarily syncytiotrophoblast
Regulate pregnancy |
|
|
Term
| In villi, the placental barrier consists of? |
|
Definition
1)Syncytiotrophoblast – outermost
2)Cytotrophoblast
3)Extra-embryonic mesoderm
4)Endothelium of embryo blood vessels – innermost |
|
|
Term
| what happens to the layers of the placenta and why? |
|
Definition
| Layers become very thin so diffusion is rapid |
|
|
Term
| what is the Homologous External Genitalia for the genital tubercle? |
|
Definition
–Glans penis and glans clitoris
–Grows to become most of the penis in males |
|
|
Term
| what is the Homologous External Genitalia for the urethral folds? |
|
Definition
–Penile urethra and labia minor
–Remains divided in females; vestibule |
|
|
Term
| what is the Homologous External Genitalia for the labioscrotal swellings |
|
Definition
| –Scrotum and labia majora |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the uterus is anchored to -- by -- (part of --) and also anchored to -- |
|
Definition
| Anchored to pelvic wall by mesometrium (part of broad ligmentm); also muscles of pelvic floor |
|
|
Term
| The endometrium of the uterine wall is -- epithelium? |
|
Definition
| simple columnar epithelium |
|
|
Term
| Functional layer of the endometrium in the uterine wall |
|
Definition
| Functional layer- lamina propria with blood vessels and uterine glands; shed during menstruation |
|
|
Term
| basal layer of the endometrium in the uterine wall? |
|
Definition
| remains to replenish endometrium |
|
|
Term
| What are the layers of the uterine wall? |
|
Definition
endometrium
myometrium
perimetrium |
|
|
Term
| WHat is the myometrium layer of the uterine wall? |
|
Definition
thickest layer
smooth muscle
contractions help expel baby |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| narrow region, opens into vagina |
|
|
Term
| Proliferative and Secretory Phases of the uterine cycle |
|
Definition
| functional layer rebuils- increase in blood vessels and glands, secretion of nutrients for embryo |
|
|
