Term
| what is the common chamber of the digestive and respiratory system |
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Definition
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Term
| what does the pharynx extend to and from |
|
Definition
| base of skull to inferior border of the cricoid cartilage and the lower body of C6 |
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Term
| what does the pharynx become continous with |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| describe the three walls of the pharynx in general |
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Definition
| lateral and posterior are complete, anterior is incomplete |
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Term
| what does the anterior pharynx communicate with |
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Definition
| nasal cavity, oral cavity, larynx |
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|
Term
| what are the pards of the pharynx |
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Definition
| nasopharynx, oropharynx, laryngopharynx |
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|
Term
| what is another name for the laryngopharynx |
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Definition
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|
Term
| what function does the nasopharynx play |
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Definition
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Term
| what are the borders of the nasopharynx |
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Definition
| base of skull to soft palate |
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|
Term
| what does the nasopharynx communicate with, with what? |
|
Definition
| nasal cavity via choanae or posterior nasal aperatures |
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|
Term
| what is in the nasopharynx |
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Definition
| pharyngeal tonsil, pharyngeal opening of the auditory tube, salpingopharyngeal fold, torus levatorius, tubal tonsil |
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Term
| where is the pharyngeal tonsil located |
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Definition
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|
Term
| where is the pharyngeal opening of the auditory tube located |
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Definition
| lateral wall of nasopharynx |
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|
Term
| what is the torus tubarius |
|
Definition
| the medial end of cartilage of the auditory tube that elevates mucosa of nasopharynx |
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|
Term
| were does the salpingopharyngeal fold extend from |
|
Definition
| downward from the posterior limb of torus tubaris |
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|
Term
| where does the salpingopharyngeal fold end |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| what does the salpingopharyngeal fold cover |
|
Definition
| salpingopharyngeus muscle |
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|
Term
| where is the torus levatorius located |
|
Definition
| inferior to pharyngeal opening of the auditory tube |
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|
Term
| what causes the torus levatorius |
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Definition
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|
Term
| where is the tubal tonsil |
|
Definition
| around pharyngeal opening of the autidoty tube |
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|
Term
| what does the oropharynx extend to and from |
|
Definition
| soft palate to superior border of epiglottis |
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|
Term
| what communicates with the oropharynx, through what |
|
Definition
| oral cavity through oropharyngeal isthmus |
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|
Term
| where is the palatine tonsil located |
|
Definition
| lateral between palatoglossal and palatopharyngeal arches in tonsillar fossa |
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|
Term
| what do the glossoepiglottic folds connect |
|
Definition
| anterior surface of the epiglottis to the root of the tounge |
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|
Term
| how many glossoepiglottic folds are there |
|
Definition
| 3 (1 medial and 2 lateral) |
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|
Term
| what and where are the apitlottic valleculae |
|
Definition
| 2 depressions between epiglottis and root of tounge on either side of the medial glossoepiglotic folds |
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|
Term
| what is another name for the pharyngeal lymphoid ring |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| where is the pharyngeal lymphoid ring loacted |
|
Definition
| enterance to pharynx from nasal and oral cavities |
|
|
Term
| what are the parts of waldeyer's ring |
|
Definition
| pharyngeal, tubal, lingual, and palatine tonsils |
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|
Term
| what does the laryngopharynx extend to and from |
|
Definition
| from superior border of epiglottis to inferior border of cricoid cartilage where pharynx becomes continous with esophagus |
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|
Term
| where is the laryngopharynx located by |
|
Definition
| posterior to laryngeal inlet and posterior wall of larynx |
|
|
Term
| where is the piriform fossa located |
|
Definition
| depression located inferolateral to laryngeal inlet and medial to lamina of thyroid cartilage |
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|
Term
| what does the pririform fossa have in it, where |
|
Definition
| internal laryngeal nerve and superior laryngeal vessels, under mucosa |
|
|
Term
| what are the layers of the pharyngeal wall |
|
Definition
| mucosa, submucosa, muscular coat, buccopharyngeal fascia |
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|
Term
| where is the pharyngobasilar fascia |
|
Definition
| `in the upper part of the larynx |
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|
Term
| what is unique about the submucosa of the pharyngobasilar fascia |
|
Definition
| it is fibrous like the rest of it but is especially strong here |
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|
Term
| what does the submucosa of the pharynx attach to |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| what surface of the pharynx does the buccopharyngeal fascia cover, what is it continous with |
|
Definition
| external surface, fascia covering external surface of buccinator and with visceral part of pretracheal layer of deep cervical fasci |
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|
Term
| what is the pharyng seperated from the vertebral column and anterior vertebral muscles by |
|
Definition
| fasica and loose CT of retropharyngeal space |
|
|
Term
| what is the function of the retropharyngeal space |
|
Definition
| allow elevation and depression of pharynx during swallowing |
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|
Term
| what are the constrictor muscles of the pharynx |
|
Definition
| superior middle and inferior |
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|
Term
| what is the external muscular layer of the pharynx |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| how are the constrictor muscles arranged |
|
Definition
| like a stack of glasses, superior is partially over middle, middle is slightly over inferior |
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|
Term
| what are the longitudinal muscles of the pharynx |
|
Definition
| stylopharyngeus, palatopharyngeus, salpingpharyngeus |
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|
Term
| what is the origin of the superior constrictor |
|
Definition
| lower part of posterior border of the medial pterygoid plate, pterygoig hamulus, pterygomandibular raphe, posterior part of mylohyoid line, lateral aspect of root of tounge |
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|
Term
| what is the insertion of the superior constrictor |
|
Definition
| pharyngeal raphe, pharyngeal tubercle of occipital bone on top |
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|
Term
| what part of the superior constructor reaches the base of the skull, why |
|
Definition
| only in posterior midline, there is a non muscular area between superior constrictor and base of skull which pharyngeal wall is composed of largley pharyngobasilar fascia |
|
|
Term
| what is the origin of the middle constrictor |
|
Definition
| greater horn and lesser horn of hyoid and stylohyoid ligament |
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|
Term
| what is the insertion of the middle constrictor |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| in what way do the fibers of the middle constrictor rin |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the origin of the inferior constrictor |
|
Definition
| oblique line of thyroid cartilage, lateral aspect of cricoid cartilage, tendinous arch between thyroid and cricoid cartilages |
|
|
Term
| what is the insertion of the inferior constrictor |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the direction of the fibers of the inferior constrictor |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what are the lower fibers of the inferior constrictor called |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| where does the cricopharyngeus muscle originate |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the function of the cricopharyngeus muscle |
|
Definition
| sphinctor at enterance of esophagus preventing air from entering digestive tract |
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|
Term
| what is the origin of the stylopharyngeus muscle |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the insertion of the stylopharyngeus muscle |
|
Definition
| pharyngeal wall passing between superior and middle constrictors to posterior border of thyroig cartilage, and palatopharyngeus in pharyngeal wall |
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|
Term
| what is the origin of the salpingopharyngeus |
|
Definition
| cartilage of autitory tube neat tubes pharyngeal opening |
|
|
Term
| what is the insertion of the salpingopharyngeus |
|
Definition
| fibers descend and bend with thos of palatopharyngeus |
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|
Term
| how do structures leave and enter pharynx |
|
Definition
| gap between constrictor muscles |
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|
Term
| what passes through superior constrictor and base of skull |
|
Definition
| pharyngotympanic tube, levator veli palatini, ascending palatine a |
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|
Term
| what passes between superior and middle constrictors |
|
Definition
| stylopharyngeus m, glossopharyngeal n |
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|
Term
| what passes through middle and inferior constrictors |
|
Definition
| inernal laryngeal nerve, superior laryngeal a and v |
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|
Term
| what passes inferior to the inferior constrictor |
|
Definition
| recurrent laryngeal nerve and inferior laryngeal a and v |
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|
Term
| what forms the pharyngeal plexus |
|
Definition
| branches of glossopharyngeal n, vagus n, superior sympathetic ganglion |
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|
Term
| what are the fiber types and from what in the pharyngeal plexus |
|
Definition
| glossopharyngeal sensory, vagal motor, sympathetic vasomotor |
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|
Term
| what supplies motor innervation to the muscles of the pharynx |
|
Definition
| vagus except for stylopharyngeus muscle |
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|
Term
| what innervates the stylopharyngeus m |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what do the inferior constrictors recieve innervation from |
|
Definition
| mostly vagus, some external laryngeal |
|
|
Term
| what is the main sorce of sensory supply to the pharyngeal mucosa |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what does the maxally nerve supply in the pharynx, via what |
|
Definition
| mucosa of upper nasopharynx via pharyngeal branch of pterygopalatine ganglion), upper tonsillar fossa and palatine fossa (via lesser palatine granch of pterygopalatine ganglion |
|
|
Term
| what supplies the mucosa around laryngeal inlet |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what arteries supply the pharynx |
|
Definition
| ascending pharyngeal. ascending palatine and tonsillar, decending palatine and pharyngeal, dorsal lungual branches, superior thyroid |
|
|
Term
| what are the decending palatine and pharyngeal branches of |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what are the ascending palatine and tonsillar branches of |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what are the dorsal lingual branches of |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what veins drain the pharynx |
|
Definition
| plexus drains into pterygoid venous plexus and facial vein and internal jugular |
|
|
Term
| what are the involuntary stages of deglutition |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what are the voluntary stages of deglutition |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what occurs in phase 1 of deglutition |
|
Definition
| bolus is pressed between dorsum of tounge and hard palate, tounge pushes bolus posterior into oropharynx |
|
|
Term
| what occurs in phase 2 of deglutition |
|
Definition
| soft palate elevates sealing oropharynx from nasopharynx, stylopharyngeus, palatopharyngeus, salpingopharyngeus, and suprahyoid muscles elevate pharynx and larynx and recieve bolus, laryngeal inlet is closed |
|
|
Term
| what prevents food from getting into nasal cavity |
|
Definition
| soft palate elevates to seal oropharynx from nasopharynx |
|
|
Term
| what prevents food from getting into the larynx |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what occurs in phase 3 of deglitition |
|
Definition
| constrictor muscles contract sequentially from superior to inferior to push bolus into esophagus |
|
|
Term
| what occurs in phase 4 of deglutition |
|
Definition
| bolus enters esophagus and is propelled down by peristaltic action |
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