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The study of structure and relationships among structure
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| The study of functions of body parts |
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| Atoms and molecules in the body |
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| Consists of the basic structural and functional unit of an organism |
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| Groups of cells, and the materials surrounding them, that work together to perform a common function |
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| Two or more types of tissues that are oganized for a certain function and it usually has a recognizable shape |
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| Related organs that have a common function |
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| The individual with all parts function together |
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| Observe for any deviations from normal |
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| Touching body surfaces with the hands (enlarged liver) |
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| Listening to body sounds, often with a stethoscope (wheezing in chest) |
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| Examiner taps on the bodys surfaces and listen to the echo (fluid in chest) |
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| The sum of all chemical reactions that occur in the body |
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| The ability to detect and react to external and internal changes (blood pressure) |
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| Includes motion of whole body and its parts, down to structure within cells |
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| Increase in body size, due to increase in number or zie of cells, or material found |
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| Unspecialized cells called stem cells change to become more specialized |
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| Production of new cells or new individuals |
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| The condition in which the body's internal environment remains relatively constant, within normal limits due to the constant interactions of the body's many regulatory processes (internal balance to keep organization) |
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| Tissue fluid-fluid in spaces between cells in a tissue |
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| Fluid within blood vessels |
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| Fluid within vessels (allows cells to attack pathogens-lymphnodes) |
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| Fluid in and around brain and spinal cord |
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| Monitors conditions in the body, sends this info to a central control region and produces any needed response |
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| Monitors a controlled condition and send info to the control center |
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| Receives the info about the status of a controlled condition and determines the correct course of action |
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| Receives info from the control center and produces a response |
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| Produces a response that reverses or counteracts the original stimulus (frequent monitoring-body gets hot, cools down) |
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| Produces a response that enhances or intensifies the original stimulus (ovulation, blood coagulation) |
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| Any abnormality of a structure or function |
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| A specific illness characterized by certain signs or symptoms |
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| Science that deals with the why, when, and where diseases occur and how they are transmitted |
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| The science or skill of distinguishing between different disorders or diseases |
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| Subjective changes that are not apparent to the observer (headache) |
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| Objective changes in a patient that can be observed and measured (fever) |
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| Standard position of the body that allows consistent anatomical references for the observer- patient stands erect with feet flat on the floor and directed forward and the arms are placed at the sides with the palms turned forward |
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| Upper part of a structure |
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| Lower part of a structure |
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| Near side, farther from midline |
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| On opposite sides of body |
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| Near point of attachment of limb |
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| Farther from the point of attachment or point of origin |
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| Away from surface of body |
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| A vertical plane that divides the body, or an organ, into right and left sides |
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| Passes through midline and cuts into equal halves |
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| Does not pass through the midline and cuts body into unequal halves |
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| A vertical plane that divides the body into anterior and posterior portions |
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| Horizontal plane that divides the body into superior and inferior portions |
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| Passes through the body at an acute angle to other planes |
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| Near posterior surface of the body-lined by three membranes called Meninges |
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| In dorsal body cavity-located in head and contains the brain |
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| In dorsal cavity-in the backbone and contains the spinal cord |
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| Located on the anterior and contains the organs (viscera) |
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| In ventral body cavity-Occurs above the diaphragm and contains the heart, lungs, esophagus, trachea, and thymus |
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| Two-each surrounds a lung |
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| Between the lungs and surrounds the heart |
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| Broad mass of tissue extending between the lungs from the sternum to the vertebral column- heart, esophagus, trachea, thymus gland, large vessels |
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| Located below diaphragm and contains the organs of the abdominal and pelvic cavities (torso) |
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| Superior part of the abdominopelvic cavity and contains the stomach, spleen, liver, gallbladder, small intestine and large intestine |
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| Inferior part of the abdominopelvic cavity and contains the urinary bladder, internal reproductive organs, and part of large intestine |
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| Consist of parietal membranes that line these cavities and visceral membranes that cover the organs within them |
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| The serous membranes surrounding the lungs |
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| The serous membranes of the abdominopelvic cavity |
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| The serous membranes surrounding the heart |
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| Space between the visceral and parietal peritoneum |
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| the abdominopelvis is divided up into 9 regions that are used for anatomy |
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| X-rays, useful for observing bone or dense structures |
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| To distinguish abnormal tissues and to measure blood flow |
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| CAT scan- gives more detailed view of soft tissues and organs than radiography |
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| Used to view structure and actions of organs and blood flow in vessels |
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| Radioactive substance is injected into blood and gamma camera detects the high tissue activity and displays an image (helpful in cancer spread, heart muscle function, and brain function) |
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| Positron Emission Tomography (PET) |
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| Used to view metabolic activity in various organs |
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| Visually examines (lighted scope) inside of body organs or cavities |
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